Psychological and genetic characteristics and strategies of students’ digital behavior in the context of the formation of the digital ecosystem

The objective of our study was to investigate the attributes of the cognitive, affective, and value-semantic domains, along with genetic predictors, that influence the digital behavior of young individuals. The study involved 91 people (33 males and 58 females) aged 18 to 25 years (Russian Federation). In order to measure digital behavior the questioner “Strategies of informational behavior” (SIP) was used. In order to study the cognitive, affective and value-semantic characteristics, the following tests were used: the Test of Life-Sense Orientations, the Buss-Durkee Hostility Inventory, the Gottschaldt Figures Test (a measure of embedded figures perception), and a method for assessing thinking style. Genotyping was use to examine polymorphisms of the COMT, DRD2, and BDNF genes. Our findings demonstrate statistically significant associations between constructive and destructive digital behaviors and specific facets of the participants’ cognitive, affective, and value-semantic domains, as well as distinct aspects of dopaminergic system functionality

Nanoscale engineering of hybrid magnetite–carbon nanofibre materials for magnetic resonance imaging contrast agents

Magnetic nanomaterials show significant promise as contrast agents for magnetic resonance imaging (MRI). We have developed a new highly efficient one-step procedure for the synthesis of magnetically- functionalised hollow carbon nanofibres, where (i) the carbon nanofibres act as both a template and a support for the nucleation and growth of magnetite nanoparticles and (ii) the structural (size, dispersity and morphology) and functional (magnetisation and coercivity) properties of the magnetic nanoparticles formed on nanofibres are strictly controlled by the mass ratio of the magnetite precursor to the nanofibres and the solvent employed during synthesis. We have shown that our magnetite-nanofibre materials are effectively solubilised in water resulting in a stable suspension that has been employed as a ‘‘negative’’ MRI contrast agent with an excellent transverse relaxivity (r2) of (268 13) mM s 1, surpassing current commercial materials and state-of-the-art magnetic nanoscale platforms in performance for MRI contrast at high magnetic fields. The preparation and evaluation of this unique hybrid nanomaterial represents a critical step towards the realisation of a highly efficient ‘‘smart’’ MRI theranostic agent – a material that allows for the combined diagnosis (with MRI), treatment (with magnetic targeting) and follow-up of a disease (with MRI) – currently in high demand for various clinical applications, including stratified nanomedicine

Geographical and temporal distribution of SARS-CoV-2 clades in the WHO European Region, January to June 2020

We show the distribution of severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus-2 (SARS-CoV-2) genetic clades over time and between countries and outline potential genomic surveillance objectives. We applied three genomic nomenclature systems to all sequence data from the World Health Organization European Region available until 10 July 2020. We highlight the importance of real-time sequencing and data dissemination in a pandemic situation, compare the nomenclatures and lay a foundation for future European genomic surveillance of SARS-CoV-2

Effect of aging on the magnetic properties of rapidly quenched Nd-rich Nd-Fe alloys

The FexNd100-x (x = 14, 28) alloys were successfully prepared by melt-spinning. Hysteretic and thermomagnetic properties of the as-melt-spun alloys and short-aged ribbons were investigated. Both ribbons exhibit a soft magnetic behavior at room temperature but at 5 K, the coercive force (Hci) proliferated to 8.6 kOe and 11.7 kOe, respectively. Thermomagnetic measurements, Zero Field Cooling (ZFC) and Field Cooling (FC), demonstrated that the rise in magnetization of the ribbons at temperatures lower 34 K is associated with ferromagnetism of fcc Nd-Fe solid solution clusters. Positive effect of aging on the coercivity of the Fe14Nd86 and Fe28Nd72 ribbons was observed. At 300 K, Hci of the ribbons upsurge to 2 - 2.8 kOe after aging at 400 - 450°C for 15 minutes but sharply diminished after aging at temperatures higher than 500°C. It was suggested that the increase in RT coercivity during aging was as a result of the decomposition of the amorphous phase and formation of the hard magnetic Fe-rich clusters. For both ribbons aged at 500°C, the magnetic transition at 340 K was observed to be in relation to the TC of the Nd2Fe17 compound. The appearance of this soft magnetic phase in the microstructure of the aged ribbons was linked with the drastic diminution of the coercivity at that temperature

Effect of aging on the magnetic properties of rapidly quenched Nd-rich Nd-Fe alloys

The FexNd100-x (x = 14, 28) alloys were successfully prepared by melt-spinning. Hysteretic and thermomagnetic properties of the as-melt-spun alloys and short-aged ribbons were investigated. Both ribbons exhibit a soft magnetic behavior at room temperature but at 5 K, the coercive force (Hci) proliferated to 8.6 kOe and 11.7 kOe, respectively. Thermomagnetic measurements, Zero Field Cooling (ZFC) and Field Cooling (FC), demonstrated that the rise in magnetization of the ribbons at temperatures lower 34 K is associated with ferromagnetism of fcc Nd-Fe solid solution clusters. Positive effect of aging on the coercivity of the Fe14Nd86 and Fe28Nd72 ribbons was observed. At 300 K, Hci of the ribbons upsurge to 2 - 2.8 kOe after aging at 400 - 450°C for 15 minutes but sharply diminished after aging at temperatures higher than 500°C. It was suggested that the increase in RT coercivity during aging was as a result of the decomposition of the amorphous phase and formation of the hard magnetic Fe-rich clusters. For both ribbons aged at 500°C, the magnetic transition at 340 K was observed to be in relation to the TC of the Nd2Fe17 compound. The appearance of this soft magnetic phase in the microstructure of the aged ribbons was linked with the drastic diminution of the coercivity at that temperature

Psychological and genetic characteristics and strategies of students’ digital behavior in the context of the formation of the digital ecosystem

The objective of our study was to investigate the attributes of the cognitive, affective, and value-semantic domains, along with genetic predictors, that influence the digital behavior of young individuals. The study involved 91 people (33 males and 58 females) aged 18 to 25 years (Russian Federation). In order to measure digital behavior the questioner “Strategies of informational behavior” (SIP) was used. In order to study the cognitive, affective and value-semantic characteristics, the following tests were used: the Test of Life-Sense Orientations, the Buss-Durkee Hostility Inventory, the Gottschaldt Figures Test (a measure of embedded figures perception), and a method for assessing thinking style. Genotyping was use to examine polymorphisms of the COMT, DRD2, and BDNF genes. Our findings demonstrate statistically significant associations between constructive and destructive digital behaviors and specific facets of the participants’ cognitive, affective, and value-semantic domains, as well as distinct aspects of dopaminergic system functionality

Phase Formation and Magnetic Properties of Melt Spun and Annealed Nd-Fe-B Based Alloys with Ga Additions

The structural transformations and magnetic property changes of the Nd16.2FebalCo9.9Ga0.5B7.5 (SG1, SG2) and Nd15.0FebalGa2.0B7.3 (SG3) nanocomposite alloys obtained by melt spinning in the as-quenched state and after annealing at a temperature range of 560–650 °C for 30 min were studied. The methods used were X-ray diffraction analysis, magnetic property measurements, TEM studies, X-ray fluorescence analysis and Mössbauer spectroscopy. Amorphous phase and crystalline phase Nd2Fe14B (P42/mnm) were observed in the alloy after melt spinning. The content of the amorphous phase ranged from 20% to 50% and depended on the cooling rate. Annealing of the alloys resulted in amorphous phase crystallization into Nd2Fe14B and led to the increased coercivity of the alloys up to 1840 kA/m (23.1 kOe) at 600 °C annealing for 30 min. The alloy with the maximum coercivity had a grain size of the Nd2Fe14B phase ≈50–70 nm with an Nd-rich phase between grains

Structure and Magnetic Properties of SrFe12−xInxO19 Compounds for Magnetic Hyperthermia Applications

In this work, complex studies of the structure and magnetic properties of SrFe12−xInxO19 powders obtained by the mechanochemical and citrate methods were carried out. The solubility of In in strontium hexaferrite SrFe₁₂O₁₉ at 1200 °C was determined. The structure and properties of the powders were studied using X-ray diffraction analysis, Mössbauer spectroscopy and scanning electron microscopy. Measurements of magnetic properties in magnetic fields up to 1600 kA/m were also performed. Additionally, the hyperthermia effect was investigated. The possibility of controlling the coercivity of the samples in the range from 188.9 kA/m to 22.3 kA/m and saturation magnetization from 63.5 A·m2/kg to 44.2 A·m2/kg with an increase in the degree of In doping was also demonstrated. Investigation of the magnetic hyperthermia of the samples was carried out by temperature measurement with an IR camera when they were introduced into alternating magnetic fields of various frequencies (144, 261 and 508 kHz) and amplitudes (between 11.96 and 19.94 kA/m). According to the study result, there was detected the heating of the SrFe12−xInxO19 sample (x = 1.7). The highest values of magnetic hyperthermia of the sample were observed in a 19.94 kA/m magnetic field and a frequency of 261 kHz. At a concentration of 56.67 g/L, the sample was heated from 23 to 41 °C within 2 min. The parameters SLP (specific loss power) and ILP (intrinsic loss power) were calculated

Impact of Ag on the Limit of Detection towards NH3-Sensing in Spray-Coated WO3 Thin-Films

Ag-doped WO3 (Ag–WO3) films were deposited on a soda-lime glass substrate via a facile spray pyrolysis technique. The surface roughness of the films varied between 0.6 nm and 4.3 nm, as verified by the Atomic Force Microscopy (AFM) studies. Ammonia (NH3)-sensing measurements of the films were performed for various concentrations at an optimum sensor working temperature of 200 °C. Enrichment of oxygen vacancies confirmed by X-ray Photoelectron Spectroscopy (XPS) in 1% Ag–WO3 enhanced the sensor response from 1.06 to 3.29, approximately 3 times higher than that of undoped WO3. Limit of detection (LOD) up to 500 ppb is achieved for 1% Ag–WO3, substantiating the role of Ag in improving sensor performance

Structure Optimization of a Fe–Mn–Pd Alloy by Equal-Channel Angular Pressing for Biomedical Use

In this work, a Fe–Mn–Pd alloy was produced by methods of equal channel angular pressing (ECAP) in order to obtain an alloy with a high rate of degradation for the development of biodegradable devices. Special efforts were made to the obtaining of an ultrafine-grained structure of alloys in a fully austenitic state at temperatures of 300 °C and 450 °C. Further investigation of its effect on the corrosion rate and mechanical properties was carried out. The formation of an austenitic structure with structural element sizes of 100–250 nm after deformation was confirmed by X-ray diffraction analysis. ECAP proved to be the reason for a significant increase in strength with maximum σUTS = 1669 MPa and σYS = 1577 MPa while maintaining satisfactory plasticity. The alloy degradation rate was investigated using the potentiodynamic polarization analysis. The corrosion rate of the alloy after ECAP (~1 mm/y) is higher than that of the coarse-grained state and significantly higher than that of annealed iron (~0.2 mm/y). ECAP in both modes did not impair the biocompatibility of the Fe–Mn–Pd alloy and the colonization of the sample surface by cells