Spin contribution to the inverse Faraday effect of non-magnetic metals

We formulate the spin contribution to the inverse Faraday effect of non-magnetic metals. We deal with the role of the inversion symmetry, which forces all electronic bands to be at least twice degenerate at every point in the Brillouin zone. We show both analytically and numerically that our formulation of the inverse Faraday effect is invariant under unitary rotation within the doubly degenerate set of bands. In addition, we show the importance of resonance-like features in the band structure for the inverse Faraday effect. Our first-principles computed spin component of the inverse Faraday effect in a simple metal such as Au is reminiscent of its optical absorption, with a characteristic d-s resonance in the optical spectrum

A COMPREHENSIVE REVIEW ON NOVEL MICROSPONGES DRUG DELIVERY APPROACH

ABSTRACTMicrosponges drug delivery approach (MDA) has been introduced in topical products to facilitate the controlled and targeted release of activedrug into the skin to decrease systemic exposure and minimize local cutaneous reaction. Microsponges are highly cross-linked, polymeric sponge,porous in nature, spherical shape consisting of high drug content within their interconnecting voids, releasing bioactive agent at a target site withinpredetermined time. They are mostly used for prolonged topical administration, enhanced efficacy for topically therapeutic agent with safety, stabilityand reduced side effects followed by improved aesthetic properties in an efficient and novel manner. More ever, it is found to be stable over wide pHrange and compatible with most vehicles. We here complied recent data regarding properties of microsponges, their methodology pharmaceuticalapplication and list of patent till date.Keywords: Microsponges, Bioactive, Porous, Interconnecting voids, Aesthetic

Yoga is an effective technique of stress reduction within the medical population: a biochemical study in MBBS students of BRD Medical College, Gorakhpur, Uttar Pradesh, India

Background: Medicine is a profession with high-stress prevalence. There are many stress markers but cortisol is one of the commonly used stress marker. Stress begins in the first year of medical carrier and increases with subsequent years of medical education. There is a decrease in overall academic performance and many health-related adverse effects due to stress. In this study, yoga was performed in the first year MBBS students of BRD Medical College, Gorakhpur and the impact of yoga in stress reduction was studied using serum cortisol as stress a marker.Methods: Study groups, yoga and control contained 26 and 27 subjects including male and female MBBS students. Yoga group practiced selected yogic asana, pranayama, and yoga nidra for 3 months. The control group as a stress marker had been kept in touch and allowed to go on their usual activity as before. Morning (8.00 AM to 9.00 AM) serum cortisol level was used as a stress marker in both group, pre and post-study.Results: There was a significant reduction in morning serum cortisol level (stress level) in yoga group (p-value = 0.0271) but there was no significant change in morning serum cortisol level of the control group (p-value = 0.8573).Conclusions: Yoga is an effective stress reduction technique for medical students. Yoga classes should be introduced in the first year of the medical carrier under the supervision of expert physiologists. This may lead to the implantation of a healthy lifestyle in our future healthcare providers. Yogic practice by health care providers may have long term positive impacts on our healthcare system

Dimensions of attractors

This thesis studies different types of dimensions of attractors in low dimensional dissipative dynamical systems. Some of them can be calculated by looking directly at the attractor, other by looking at the system, taking or not into account a probability distribution. We give some simple examples to make the ideas clear, but the generalized baker's transformation is taken as a model for such studies. This transformation is used to illustrate some conjectures about typical chaotic attractor. This thesis may be considered as a partial report of the seminal article of Farmer et al (12

Effect of DEM data resolution on low relief region sub-watershed boundaries delineating using of SWAT model and DEM derived from CARTOSAT-1 (IRS-P5), SRTM and ASTER

Watersheds are natural integrators of hydrological, biological, and geological processes and as such require an integrated approach to data analysis and modeling, which usually starts delineating accurately a polygon vector layer of watershed boundaries as input. In that way, Garrah sub-watershed in Shahjahanpur district of U.P., India, had been isolated with the objective of evaluate the accuracy of sub-watershed boundaries derived from three different sources: One was delineated by 2.6 m resolution CARTOSAT-1 DEM (IRS-P5) and other two were derived from a 30 m ASTER DEM and a 90 m SRTM DEM, using the Soil and Water Assessment Tool (SWAT) model. In this analysis we found that the accuracy of CARTOSAT-1 DEM is so best for accurate delineation of a sub-watershed in the management of the watershed, and the coarse spatial resolution SRTM DEM (90 m) performed much better and significantly than the high spatial resolution ASTER DEM (30 m) it’s cause of the errors in the ASTER DEM, map algebra was used to define where the “Fill” tool had filled the sinks finding that the errors in the stream network occurred where some especially large fills had occurred. Not only the visual interpretation of the produces figures indicate the SRTM DEM delineated sub-watershed as relatively more accurate from ASTER DEM delineated sub-watershed boundaries, also statistics for the SRTM DEM elevation turned in significantly higher than that of the ASTER DEM. Overall SRTM DEMs offer more precise elevations while, ASTER DEMs offer more details. Therefore, the accuracy of the sub-watershed delineation depends on the first place on the accuracy of the DEM

Fabrication of Custom Made Ocular Prosthesis for Congenital Defect: A Case Report

Eyes are generally the first feature of the face to be noticed. An eye is an important feature of the facial expression, a vital organ and a symbol of beauty. Ocular prosthesis can be classified as stock shell eye, stock shell eye modified and custom-made prosthesis. A custom ocular prosthesis is a good treatment alternative when reconstruction of the defect by plastic surgery or the use of osseointegrated implants is not feasible or unaffordable. This case report highlights the same

Cloud Computing Models: Background, Data security, & Security Issues

Cloud computing is getting popular ,cost effective ,powerful resources over internet and rapidly growing area in last few years. Cloud Computing is more growing and features mentioned above encourage the organizations to shift their applications and service to cloud  and grid. For the sharing resources that contains software, applications, infrastructures, cloud computing is the main key. Cloud computing has brought remarkable potential changes and good opportunities to information technology industry. A major concern in cloud computing  is towards its security and privacy. Security issue is organized into many categories:- Data portability, Data protection, Reliability and ownership. However, most existing Cloud Computing platforms have not formally adopted the service-oriented architecture (SOA) that would make them more flexible, extensible, and reusable. By bridging the power of SOA and virtualization in the context of Cloud Computing ecosystem, this paper presents the existing issues in cloud computing. Proposition of solution for these issues has been provided also