337 research outputs found
Art Therapy and the Recovery Process: A Literature Review
Addiction to drugs and alcohol is a multi-faceted disease that has physical, mental, and financial consequences for the individual and for society at large. The global burden of disease related to substance use disorder is 5.4 percent worldwide according to World Health Organization (2014). There is a need to expand knowledge of the illness as well as create a more effective treatment method. The demand for addiction-based treatment is rising. There is a need to explore and strengthen research on therapeutic approaches to help individuals to combat substance use disorder and aide in the recovery process. Art therapy, according to Malchoidi (2012), has been found to be beneficial to patients with physical and psychological illnesses and can possibly provide another counseling method for people undergoing addiction treatment. This proposal is for a literature review research into whether art therapy can be used and show a help in this process of recovery
The Formal, the Informal, and the Precarious: Making a Living in Urban Papua New Guinea
For many Papua New Guineans, the dominant accounts of 'the economy' � contained within development reports, government documents and the media � do not adequately reflect their experiences of making a living. Large-scale resource extraction, the private sector, export cash cropping and wage employment have dominated these accounts. Meanwhile, the broader economic picture has remained obscured, and the diversity of economic practices, including a flourishing 'informal' economy, has routinely been overlooked and undervalued. Addressing this gap, this paper provides some grounded examples of the diverse livelihood strategies people employ in Papua New Guinea's growing urban centres.
We examine the strategies people employ to sustain themselves materially, and focus on how people acquire and recirculate money. We reveal the interconnections between a diverse range of economic activities, both formal and informal. In doing so, we complicate any clear narrative that might, for example, associate waged employment with economic security, or street selling with precarity and urban poverty.
Our work is informed by observations of people's daily lives, and conversations with security guards (Stephanie Lusby), the salaried middle class (John Cox), women entrepreneurs (Ceridwen Spark), residents from the urban settlements (Michelle Rooney) and betel nut traders and vendors (Timothy Sharp). Collectively, our work takes an urban focus, yet the flows and connectivity between urban and rural, and our focus on livelihood strategies, means much of our discussion is also relevant to rural people and places. Our examples, drawn from urban centres throughout the country, each in their own way illustrate something of the diversity of economic activity in urban PNG. Our material captures the innovation and experimentation of people's responses to precarity in contemporary PNG.AusAI
Field-Based Experiences in Special Education Teacher Training: What Teacher Educators Do (and Should Do)
Beginning teachers face a wide array of challenges in today’s PreK-12 classrooms. These challenges are magnified for beginning special education teachers who must meet the needs of an extremely diverse student population. To prepare beginning special education teachers for classroom realities, teacher educators must recognize and use high-leverage preparation practices in coursework and field-based experiences during teacher training. The goal of the present study was to conduct a state-level analysis that examined ways in which teacher educators implemented field-based experiences with preservice special education teachers. A cross-sectional survey research design was used to gather qualitative data from a sample of teacher educators who were affiliated with university-based teacher preparation programs.
Data were analyzed with two levels of coding and generated four themes. Findings and limitations with the present study were discussed, as well as best practice strategies for field-based experiences in special education teacher training
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Special Education Eligibility Identification Rates in Texas: A Comparative Analysis of Rural and Urban School Districts
Special education policy impacts education equity. More specifically, special education policy surrounding the identification of students with disabilities and the provision of instructional support services to students identified as having a disability has experienced critical public attention and landmark federal and state mandates for reform over the past four academic years in the state of Texas. This article consults publicly available statewide data to assess the impact legislative amendments to the Individuals with Disabilities Education Act (IDEA) has had on urban and rural school districts located in the state of Texas. Using a two-tiered multilevel statistical analyses, changes in discrete special education eligibility categories are studied and trends in special education identification rates in rural and urban schools are compared. This investigation highlights disparities in special education identification rates between schools located in rural and urban areas. Implications for special education assessment practices, rural special education support and education policy are discussed.Educatio
Exploration of the risk factors associated with online sexual grooming and professionals’ experiences of looked after children’s internet use
The internet is well saturated within today’s society raising anxieties for
parents, carers and professionals in regard to the potential risks that children
and young people could be exposed to online and how best to safeguard
them from these. The risk factors associated with online sexual grooming
have been explored within the existing literature although not in a systematic
manner. Therefore, a systematic review was conducted to explore the
characteristics and risk factors that enhance children and young people’s
vulnerability to online sexual grooming. Findings revealed a number of
significant associations and a complex interplay between the individual,
community, their relationships and cultural factors.
Previous research has demonstrated inconsistencies in regard to
whether looked after children are more at risk online than their peers.
Limited research exists which explores professionals’ experiences of
managing their online safeguarding responsibilities. The second study used a
Grounded Theory method to explore professionals’ experience of looked
after children’s online use and how they balance their safeguarding
responsibilities whilst supporting these young people to access online
opportunities. The impact that safeguarding policies and practices have on
looked after children’s ability to access these opportunities and develop
resilience was also explored. It was revealed that although professionals
identified that looked after children are vulnerable online, they are perhaps
not any more so than some of their peers. Restrictive practices were
highlighted to impact on these young people’s access to online benefits and
professionals’ opportunities to educate and safeguard. This was discussed in
the context of preparing these young people for life post care.
These findings should be considered by parents, carers and
professionals that have online safeguarding responsibilities and an influential
role in the development of online policy or provision
The star formation rate at redshift one: H-alpha spectroscopy with CIRPASS
We have conducted an H-alpha survey of 38 0.77<z<1 galaxies over ~100
arcmin^2 of the Hubble Deep Field North and Flanking Fields, to determine star
formation rates (SFRs), with the near-infrared multi-object spectrograph
CIRPASS on the WHT. This represents the first successful application of this
technique to observing high redshift galaxies. Stacking the spectra in the
rest-frame to infer a total SFR for the field, we find a lower limit
(uncorrected for dust reddening) on the star formation rate density at redshift
z = 1 of 0.04Msol/yr/Mpc^3. This implies rapid evolution in the star formation
rate density from z = 0 to z = 1 which is proportional to (1+z)^{3.1}.Comment: Accepted for publication in MNRAS. 13 pages including 9 figure
EFFECTS OF DIFFERENT MODES OF COAGULATION AS PRETREATMENT TO MEMBRANE FILTRATION FOR DRINKING WATER PRODUCTION IN SMALL SYSTEMS
Midwest Technology Assistance CenterOpe
PET imaging to non-invasively study immune activation leading to antitumor responses with a 4-1BB agonistic antibody
BACKGROUND: Molecular imaging with positron emission tomography (PET) may allow the non-invasive study of the pharmacodynamic effects of agonistic monoclonal antibodies (mAb) to 4-1BB (CD137). 4-1BB is a member of the tumor necrosis factor family expressed on activated T cells and other immune cells, and activating 4-1BB antibodies are being tested for the treatment of patients with advanced cancers. METHODS: We studied the antitumor activity of 4-1BB mAb therapy using [(18) F]-labeled fluoro-2-deoxy-2-D-glucose ([(18) F]FDG) microPET scanning in a mouse model of colon cancer. Results of microPET imaging were correlated with morphological changes in tumors, draining lymph nodes as well as cell subset uptake of the metabolic PET tracer in vitro. RESULTS: The administration of 4-1BB mAb to Balb/c mice induced reproducible CT26 tumor regressions and improved survival; complete tumor shrinkage was achieved in the majority of mice. There was markedly increased [(18) F]FDG signal at the tumor site and draining lymph nodes. In a metabolic probe in vitro uptake assay, there was an 8-fold increase in uptake of [(3)H]DDG in leukocytes extracted from tumors and draining lymph nodes of mice treated with 4-1BB mAb compared to untreated mice, supporting the in vivo PET data. CONCLUSION: Increased uptake of [(18) F]FDG by PET scans visualizes 4-1BB agonistic antibody-induced antitumor immune responses and can be used as a pharmacodynamic readout to guide the development of this class of antibodies in the clinic
An isotope dilution based-targeted and non-targeted carbonyl neurosteroid/steroid profiling
Neurosteroids are
brain-derived steroids, capable of rapidly modulating
neuronal excitability in a nongenomic manner. Dysregulation of their
synthesis or metabolism has been implicated in many pathological conditions.
Here, we describe an isotope dilution based targeted and nontargeted
(ID-TNT) profiling of carbonyl neurosteroids/steroids. The method
combines stable isotope dilution, hydroxylamine derivatization, high-resolution
MS scanning, and data-dependent MS/MS analysis, allowing absolute
quantification of pregnenolone, progesterone, 5α-dihydroprogesterone,
3α,5α-tetrahydroprogesterone, and 3β,5α-tetrahydroprogesterone,
and relative quantification of other carbonyl containing steroids.
The utility and validity of this approach was tested in an acute stress
mouse model and via pharmacological manipulation of the steroid metabolic
pathway with finasteride. We report that brain levels of 3α,5α-tetrahydroprogesterone,
a potent enhancer of GABA<sub>A</sub> receptor (GABA<sub>A</sub>R-mediated
inhibitory function, from control mice is in the 5–40 pmol/g
range, a value greater than previously reported. The approach allows
the use of data from targeted analysis to guide the normalization
strategy for nontargeted data. Furthermore, novel findings, including
a striking increase of brain pregnenolone following finasteride administration
were discovered in this study. Collectively, our results indicate
that this approach has distinct advantages for examining targeted
and nontargeted neurosteroid/steroid pathways in animal models and
could facilitate a better understanding of the physiological and pathological
roles of neurosteroids as modulators of brain excitability
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