Behaviour of swirling, turbulent boundary layers near walls

Imperial Users onl

Dr. Namaedo Nimgade’s In the Tiger’s Shadow: A Study of Cultural Transgression

Culture has always remained a dynamic phenomenon just like literature. They both complement each other. In fact, culture directly or indirectly affects the literature. Culture has the power in itself to transgress from non material aspect to material one. In fact, the novel of Dr. Namdeo Nimgade, In the Tiger’s Shadow is an appropriate example of cultural transgression from rural setting of culture to modern urban set up.  Dr. Nimgade was born in a very desperate poor family from Mahar untouchable caste. His family comprises of landless bonded labourers, who was settled in the dustbowl of Sathgon on Western India. He was fourteen years old when he finally managed to attend his school.  He was beaten and humiliated because he was an untouchable Dalit caste.  He was forced to stand on the hot verandha and listen at the window lest his touch should pollute the others and at the same time was smarter than the rest of the upper caste students of his classroom. Inspired by the life of B. R. Ambedkar, he pursued his education and revolt back at the atrocities of the upper caste people in a dignified manner. In a conventional narrative technique, he expresses his anger and resentment towards the social inequality. The aim of this paper is to present the changing aspects of life from non-material culture (rural aspect) to the material culture (urban aspect) through the life of Dr. Nimgade as exhibits in the novel

Study and Evaluation of Groundwater Quality of Malwa Region, Punjab (North India)

Water is the most v aluable, basic human need, prime natural resource and a precious asset. Water is indeed required in all aspect of life and health for domestic purposes, drinking, cooking, bathing, washing clothes, utensils, producing food, agricultural activity, energy generation, maintenance of environment and development for life. Water plays important role in several metabolic, physiological and other activities in human body as well as in other living beings ( m ittal and Arora, 2014)

Inflationary Trends in India: A Pre and Post Reform Study

The present paper attempts to explore the nature, trends and patterns of inflation in India during 1980-2016. The selected time period has been trifurcated purposively into three-time spans namely, pre-reform period (1980-90), after reform period (1991-2000) and subsequent period (2001-16). The endeavour of the paper is to examine the dynamics of inflation over the three-time spans from 1980-2016 in the Indian economy. It has been found that the inflation, based on WPI and CPI, is continuously rising since 1980. Up to 1995, the trend in CPI and WPI were same and there was no significant difference between them. However, after 1995, CPI has recorded larger growth as compared to WPI. Such trend has also continued in the subsequent period. The study reveals that this trend may be attributed to change in the composition of WPI and CPI since weights of primary articles have declined in WPI whereas such weights have registered a considerable increase in the categories of manufacturing, fuel and power. The shift in weights overtime provides us with an indicator of the changing production and use pattern of the commodities in the Indian set up. Further, the weights of food items have reduced overtime in case of CPI and such weights have been increased in respect of clothing, housing and fuel. The changes witnessed in weights of CPI are indicators of a growing economy. This study further contributes in the available literature by comparing the patterns of Inflation in Pre and Post-reform Period

Ransomware: A New Era of Digital Terrorism

This work entails the study of ten nasty ransomwares to reveal out the analytical similarities and differences among them, which will help in understanding the mindset of cyber crooks crawling over the dark net. It also reviews the traps used by ransomware for its distribution and side by side examining the new possibilities of its dispersal. It conclude by divulging inter-relationship between various distribution approaches adopted by ransomwares and some attentive measures to hinder the ransomware and supporting alertness as ultimate tool of defense at user’s hand

Eclampsia: maternal and perinatal outcome among tribal population of Bastar, Chhattisgarh, India in a tertiary care centre

Background: Eclampsia is one of the major causes of maternal and perinatal morbidity and mortality in India and other developing countries. This problem is continued in spite of challenging efforts to reviev each and every pregnant woman with eclampsia and to analyse the factors affecting the outcome. The aim of the research is to study the demographic profile, maternal as well as perinatal outcome of patients with eclampsia and factor affecting it in tertiary care centre of tribal population.Methods: A prospective observational and analytical study was conducted over a period of 1.5 years from 1/12/2013 to 1/06/2015 in the OBGY department of Govt. Medical College and Associated Maharani Hospital, Bastar, Chhattisgarh, India. All the patients of eclampsia or developed eclampsia admitted in the department were included in the study. Data was collected and analyzed included various maternal parameters and foetal parameters and pregnancy outcome.Results: During the study period of 1.5 years, incidence of eclampsia among rural and tribal population of Bastar was 4.76%. Among 250 cases of eclampsia, total 28 maternal deaths were there, showing high case fatality rate of 11.2%. 2 maternal deaths were antenatal. Most common cause of maternal death was postpartum haemorrhage (21.4%) and pulmonary oedema (21.4%). In spite of high case fatality rate, these eclamptic cases developed various complications. One of the factors contributing in poor maternal outcome and developing maternal complication was delay in delivery time from the time of onset of convulsion. Among the cases delivered early (<6 hrs), only 11.4% cases developed some form of complication whereas among the cases delivered after 24 hrs of onset of convulsion, 74.1% cases developed complications. Data of study showed poor perinatal outcome as well. 70% delivery was preterm, 62.4% live birth, 34.4% IUD and 4.4% early neonatal deaths giving 42% of very high perinatal mortality rate.  Most common cause of high perinatal mortality and poor perinatal outcome was prematurity (54.5%) and meconium aspiration. Most common mode of delivery was vaginal delivery (82%) which was associated with more perinatal complication (47.3%). In our study most of the cases (60.4%) were of very young age (15-24 years) primi gravid (78.8%) and unbooked /referred (76.8%). Majority of them developed ante partum eclampsia (80.8%) before 37 weeks of gestation (70%).Conclusions: The incidence of eclampsia in our institute was very high with corresponding very high maternal and perinatal morbidity and mortality which emphasizes the need of education, improvement in health care services and universal antenatal checkup and enhancement in timely referral with improvement in transport facilities

AMMI and GGE biplots for G×E analysis of wheat genotypes under rain fed conditions in central zone of India

The highly significant environments, genotypes and G×E interaction observed by AMMI analysis of 17 wheat genotypes evaluated at 8 locations in the central zone of the country. Environments(E), genotypes -environment interaction(GE) and genotypes explained 68.8%, 17.6% and 3.2% of the total sum of squares respectively. First four interaction principal components accounted 33.7%, 30.2%, 14.6% and 12.6% of the G×E interaction variation, respectively. The highest positive IPCA1 score of genotype G8 followed by G11 and G10 supported by yield higher than the grand mean 21.8q/ha. Environments E4 (Jabalpur) and E8 (Partapgarh) recorded maximum yield 32.6q/ha and 28.4q/ha while lowest yield was realized in E1 (Arnej). GGE biplot analysis under polygon view indicated that G13 was better in E6 (Sagar), whereas G1 was better in E7 (Bilaspur) and E8 (Partapgarh). The genotype G1, at the centre of concentric circles, was the ideal genotype in terms of yield performance as compared to the other genotypes. In addition, G15 and G12, located on the next consecutive concentric circle, may be regarded as desirable genotypes

Rise of azithromycin resistance: a study on antibiotic resistance pattern in culture positive cases of typhoid fever in a tertiary hospital in Delhi

Background: Typhoid fever is a public health problem with a high disease burden in India. The prevalence of multidrug resistance in typhoid has nearly doubled from 1999 to 2005. The resistance against Fluoroquinlones is very high due to indiscriminate use and an increased resistance against Azithromycin, one of the first line antibiotics used is being observed. This study will evaluate the current trend of antibiotic resistance among typhoid fever cases observed in a tertiary care hospital.Methods: A retrospective record-based analysis was carried out for all the culture-proven typhoid cases admitted to a tertiary care teaching hospital in Delhi. The blood culture reports of all patients admitted from 1 January 2016 to 31 December 2017 were analyzed. Only culture-positive typhoid fever cases which isolated S. typhi and S. Paratyphi A were included for the study. The antibiotic sensitivity pattern was done using disc diffusion method and data with regards to following antibiotics was analysed: Azithromycin, ciprofloxacins, Amikacin, Gentamycin, Amoxicillin, Cefepime, Cefixime, Cotrimoxazole, Ceftriaxone.Results: The incidence of blood culture positive typhoid among total number of blood cultures received was 1.84%. Of these 118 blood cultures, 101 (85.6%) were S. typhi, and 17 (14.4%) were S. Paratyphi A. A total of 54 (45.8%) blood cultures were sensitive to all antibiotics. The antibiotic sensitivity testing revealed the following pattern of resistance: Azithromycin (21.2%), ciprofloxacin (16.9%), Gentamycin (10.2%), Amoxicillin (8.5%), Cefepime (1.7%), Cefixime (4%), Cotrimoxazole (4.2%), Ceftriaxone (0.8%).Conclusions: There is an increase in the resistance against Azithromycin in the typhoid bacilli. A regular and yearly assessment of antibiotic sensitivity pattern should be undertaken by developing a registry that accumulates antibiotic resistance data from hospitals and diagnostic centers

Bioremediation Techniques for Polluted Environment: Concept, Advantages, Limitations, and Prospects

Environmental pollution has been rising in the past few decades due to increased anthropogenic activities. Bioremediation is an attractive and successful cleaning technique to remove toxic waste from polluted environment. Bioremediation is highly involved in degradation, eradication, immobilization, or detoxification diverse chemical wastes and physical hazardous materials from the surrounding through the all-inclusive and action of microorganisms. The main principle is degrading and converting pollutants to less toxic forms. Bioremediation can be carried out ex-situ and in-situ, depending on several factors, which include but not limited to cost, site characteristics, type, and concentration of pollutants. Hence, appropriate bioremediation technique is selected. Additionally, the major methodologies to develop bioremediation are biostimulation, bioaugmentation, bioventing, biopiles, and bioattenuation provided the environmental factors that decide the completion of bioremediation. Bioremediation is the most effective, economical, eco-friendly management tool to manage the polluted environment. All bioremediation techniques have its own advantage and disadvantage because it has its own specific applications

Kinetics of Solid State Reaction between Copper & Bromine Vapours

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