The criminal justice voluntary sector: concepts and an agenda for an emerging field

This is the peer reviewed version of the following article: Tomczak, P. & Buck, G. (2019). The criminal justice voluntary sector: concepts and an agenda for an emerging field. Howard Journal of Crime and Justice, 58(3), which has been published in final form at https://doi.org/10.1111/hojo.12326. This article may be used for non-commercial purposes in accordance with Wiley Terms and Conditions for Use of Self-Archived Versions.Volunteers and voluntary organisations play significant roles pervading criminal justice. They are key actors, with unrecognised potential to shore up criminal justice and/or collaboratively reshape social justice. Unlike public and for-profit agents, criminal justice volunteers and voluntary organisations (CJVVOs) have been neglected by scholars. We call for analyses of diverse CJVVOs, in national and comparative contexts. We provide three categories to highlight distinctive organising auspices, which hold across criminal justice: statutory volunteers, quasi-statutory volunteers and voluntary organisations. The unknown implications of these different forms of non-state, non-profit justice involvement deserve far greater attention from academics, policymakers and practitioners

Laser surface engineering and process control for wear resistant surfaces

SIGLEAvailable from British Library Document Supply Centre-DSC:DXN008640 / BLDSC - British Library Document Supply CentreGBUnited Kingdo

Occult invasive aspergillosis infection following multivisceral transplantation

Patients undergoing multivisceral transplantation are particularly susceptible to post-operative infections due to immunosuppression and the inclusion of bowel in the transplanted graft. These patients typically receive broad-spectrum antimicrobial and antifungal agents as prophylaxis and treatment. However, evidence for this is limited due to the small number of patients undergoing the procedure. We present a case of occult disseminated invasive aspergillosis infection in a patient who underwent multivisceral transplantation

Beyond the brain: peripheral interactions following traumatic brain injury

Traumatic brain injury (TBI) is a leading cause of death and disability, and there are currently no pharmacological treatments known to improve patient outcomes. Unquestionably contributing towards a lack of effective treatments is the highly complex and heterogenous nature of TBI. In this invited review associated with the International Neurotrauma Symposium in Melbourne we highlight the recent surge of research that has demonstrated various central interactions with the periphery as a potential major contributor towards this heterogeneity and in particular the breadth of research from Australia. We describe the growing evidence of how extracranial factors such as polytrauma and infection can significantly alter TBI neuropathology. In addition, we highlight how dysregulation of the autonomic nervous system and the systemic inflammatory response induced by TBI can have profound pathophysiological effects on peripheral organs such as the heart, lung, gastrointestinal tract, liver, kidney, spleen and bone. Collectively, this review firmly establishes TBI as a systemic condition. Furthermore, the central and peripheral interactions that can occur following TBI must be further explored and accounted for in the ongoing search for effective treatments.Stuart J. McDonald, Jessica M. Sharkey, Mujun Sun ... Renee J. Turner, Anna V. Leonard ... Frances Corrigan ... et al

Decentralized pricing in minimum cost spanning trees

Pricing rules, Minimum cost spanning trees, Canonical pricing rule, Stand-alone cost, Decentralization, C71, D60,

Tachykinin receptors involved in the contractile effect of the natural tachykinins in the rat gastric fundus

1 The receptors involved in mammalian tachykinin-induced contractions of longitudinal smooth muscle strips of the rat gastric fundus were characterized pharmacologically. 2 Substance P (SP), neurokinin A, neurokinin B and senktide contracted the strips in a concentration-dependent manner with a potency order of neurokinin A greater than or equal to senktide > neurokinin B > substance P. The contractions were not influenced by tetrodetoxin and atropine. 3 L 659877, a NK2B-receptor-preferring antagonist reduced neurokinin A- and neurokinin B-induced contractions (estimated pK(B) 6.9 and 6.3, respectively) but had less pronounced effects on SP-induced contractions and none on contractions induced by senktide. MEN 10376, an NK2A-receptor-preferring antagonist, reduced the neurokinin A-induced contractions (estimated pK(B) 5.2), while dactinomycin, reduced the neurokinin A-induced contractions only to a minor extent at 10(-4) M. 4 CP 96345, an NK1-receptor antagonist, reduced substance P- and neurokinin A-induced responses, but also reduced the contractions induced by KCl and methacholine. RP 67580, another non-peptide NK1-receptor antagonist had no effect on the substance P-, neurokinin A- and neurokinin B-induced contractions up to a concentration of 3 x 10(-6) M. 5 These results suggest that the mammalian tachykinins induce contractions of the longitudinal smooth muscle strip of the rat gastric fundus by direct action at muscular NK2B- and NK3-receptors