A Comparative Study of Environmental Education Goals and its Related Activities in Iran and Selected Countries in order to suggest activities to for Iran

In this paper the attention has been paid to goals of the environmental education and related activities in Sweden, Australia, Canada, Turkey and Iran through a comparative and analytical method .In this regard, in addition to review documents of Iran and selected countries in the field of environmental education, interviews done with 12 experts in Tehran and Isfahan. To select these experts chain sampling method was used and the interviews with environmental experts executed until data saturation. In aim section, the prevailing view in all countries is sustainable development. In goals section, there was similarities in the development of knowledge, skills and positive attitude to nature. In part of activities related to environmental education, there is a significant gap between selected countries with Iran. On the other hand, it can be stated that this gap has been caused by a Gap between the intended purpose of the program and its implementation in Iran. At the end, localized actions have been proposed regarding the objectives of environmental education

Brood production of Barbus xanthopterus by fingerling rearing

This study has been carried out to determine the possibility of producing Gattan fish (Barbus xanthopterus) brooders in captivity condition. For this reason during in year 2004-2005, 600 specimen of Gattan in three pond and in 2008, from two local point shilat and research center, 200 specimen in two ponds were placed. The area of each pond was 1800 square meters. In the first period of rearing, total weight and total length of nearly two years old brooders reached to 989 g and 44 cm respectively. All of the fishes were male (except one case) and they had become mature. In second rearing period, 27 percent of shilat specimens and 42 percent of research center specimens were female. In 22 months old fishes, the males and females of shilat specimens reached to mean weight 716 and 658 g and mean length 382 and 365 cm respectively. Also, the male and females of research center specimens reached to mean weight was 1195 and 11064 g and mean length 443 and 425 cm respectively, when they were 22 months old. The absolute and specific growth rate in two rearing periods showed ascending trend and the 100 percent of brooders were survived. The male fishes were matured in 2 years old and the mature female fishes were not observed. The brooders response to pituitary extract in research center specimens was found to be more than shilat specimens

An android application for estimating muscle onset latency using surface EMG signal

Background: Electromyography (EMG) signal processing and Muscle Onset Latency (MOL) are widely used in rehabilitation sciences and nerve conduction studies. The majority of existing software packages provided for estimating MOL via analyzing EMG signal are computerized, desktop based and not portable; therefore, experiments and signal analyzes using them should be completed locally. Moreover, a desktop or laptop is required to complete experiments using these packages, which costs. Objective: Develop a non-expensive and portable Android application (app) for estimating MOL via analyzing surface EMG. Material and Methods: A multi-layer architecture model was designed for implementing the MOL estimation app. Several Android-based algorithms for analyzing a recorded EMG signal and estimating MOL was implemented. A graphical user interface (GUI) that simplifies analyzing a given EMG signal using the presented app was developed too. Results: Evaluation results of the developed app using 10 EMG signals showed promising performance; the MOL values estimated using the presented app are statistically equal to those estimated using a commercial Windows-based surface EMG analysis software (MegaWin 3.0). For the majority of cases relative error <10. MOL values estimated by these two systems are linearly related, the correlation coefficient value ~ 0.93. These evaluations revealed that the presented app performed as well as MegaWin 3.0 software in estimating MOL. Conclusion: Recent advances in smart portable devices such as mobile phones have shown the great capability of facilitating and decreasing the cost of analyzing biomedical signals, particularly in academic environments. Here, we developed an Android app for estimating MOL via analyzing the surface EMG signal. Performance is promising to use the app for teaching or research purposes. © 2019, Shiraz University of Medical Sciences. All right reserved

Estimation of production potential in lake behind the Halilrud dam in Jiroft city

In order to the physical and chemical factors, planktons identification, determination of Chlorophylla and primary production in lake on study wad conducted, behind the Halilrud dam in Jiroft city. For this purpose 5 station selected and sampling was performed seasonally. Compersion of physical, chemical factors and planktons were done by duncan multiple test range. Studied factors had the suitable value for fish culture. In classes of Chrysophyceae, Bacillariophyceae and, Chlorophyceae had the most frequency respectively. Totally 49 phytoplanktons genus were identified which 18, 14,8,5 and 3 genus were related to Chlorophy ceae, Bacillariophyceae, Cyanophyceae, Dinophyceae and Chrysophyceae, genus respectively. Nitzchia and Navicula in Bacillariophyceae, Chlorococcum, Pediastrum, Staurastrum and Tetradron in Chlorophyceae, Spirulina, Chroococcus, Phormidium in Cyanophyceae and Dinobryon in Chrysophyceae had the most frequency. From Various group of zooplankton, Copepoda, Naplius, Cladocera, Rotifera (Brachinus, Keretella), Trichuridae were identified in winter season and Rotifera was the most of all. Chlorophylla had not significant difference in 9 seasons but it had significan difference in 5 depthes. Increasing in depth causes to decrease chlirophyla. The most chlorophylla was in 0.5m depth (4.7 mg/m3 ) and the least chlorophyllla was in 20m depth(0.82mg/m^3) primary production in lake was calculated by chlorophylla equal to 154 kg/ha/year

Decoding of cognitive processes involved in the continuous performance task

Decoding of electroencephalogram brain representations is a powerful data driven technique to assess the stream of cognitive information processing. It could promote a more thorough understanding of cognitive control networks. For many years, the continuous performance task has been utilized to investigate impaired proactive and reactive cognitive functions. So far, mainly task performance and univariate electroencephalogram were involved in such investigations. In this study, we benefit from multi-variate pattern analysis of continuous performance task variations to provide a more complete spatio-temporal outline of information processing flow involved in sustained and transient attention and response preparation. Besides effects that are well in line with previous EEG research but could be described in more spatial and temporal detail by the used methods, our results could suggest the presence of a higher order feedback control system when expectations are violated. Such a feedback control is related to modulations of behavior both intra- and inter-individually

Removing the cardiac field artefact from the EEG using neural network regression.

When EEG recordings are used to reveal interactions between central-nervous and cardiovascular processes, the cardiac field artifact (CFA) poses a major challenge. Because the electric field generated by cardiac activity is also captured by scalp electrodes, the CFA arises as a heavy contaminant whenever EEG data are analyzed time-locked to cardio-electric events. A typical example is measuring stimulus-evoked potentials elicited at different phases of the cardiac cycle. Here, we present a nonlinear regression method deploying neural networks that allows to remove the CFA from the EEG signal in such scenarios. We train neural network models to predict R-peak centered EEG episodes based on the ECG and additional CFA-related information. In a second step, these trained models are used to predict and consequently remove the CFA in EEG episodes containing visual stimulation occurring time-locked to the ECG. We show that removing these predictions from the signal effectively removes the CFA without affecting the intertrial phase coherence of stimulus-evoked activity. In addition, we provide the results of an extensive grid search suggesting a set of appropriate model hyperparameters. The proposed method offers a replicable way of removing the CFA on the single-trial level, without affecting stimulus-related variance occurring time-locked to cardiac events. Disentangling the cardiac field artifact (CFA) from the EEG signal is a major challenge when investigating the neurocognitive impact of cardioafferent traffic by means of the EEG. When stimuli are presented time-locked to the cardiac cycle, both sources of variance are systematically confounded. Here, we propose a regression-based approach deploying neural network models to remove the CFA from the EEG. This approach effectively removes the CFA on a single-trial level and is purely data-driven, providing replicable results

The effect of optimum dosage of Ovaprim injection on artificial spawning of Esox lucius

This project was conducted to explore the effect of optimum dosage of Ovaprim injection on the artificial spawning of Esox lucius. The research implemented by 4 treatments with 3 replicates for each one. Three female and six male brooders were injected in each replicate. The animals in 1, 2 and 3 treatments were injected by 10, 20 and 30 µg/kg BW, respectively, and 4 the treatment was considered as the control being injected with 4 mg/kg BW pituitary gland extract. Average (±SE) weights were 1361±521, 1376±954, 1009±160 and 1100 ±422 g in 1, 2, 3 and 4 treatments in females, respectively. In addition, positive response percent to hormone injection were measured as 77.8 ±19.24, 88.9 ± 19.24, 55.5 ±50.91 and 55.5 ± 19.24 % in 1, 2, 3 and 4 treatments in female and 94.4 ± 9.58, 88.9 ±19.26, 83.3±28.86 and 88.9 ± 19.26 % in male brooders, respectively. However, there was no significant different between all treatments. Fertilization content (±SE) in one to four treatments measured as 87.1±10, 88.04±7.7, 83.9±5.2 and 72.4±19.7 %, respectively. No significant differences were found among pairwise treatments. Average (±SE) percentage of eyed eggs were 66.6±15.9 for treatment one, 61.2±22.3 in treatment two, 58.3±10.7 in treatment three, and 56.1±15.04 in treatment four, with no significant pairwise differences. The average (±SE) hatching eggs were measured as 27.41±19.8 in treatment one, 39.53±26.9 in treatment two, 95.18±5.6 in treatment three and 26.78±12.4 in treatment four, with no significant pairwise differences. Also, the best dosage injection of ovaprim hormone was 10 and 20 µg/kgBW