Yoga for mental health of children: a short review

This review paper aims to introduce yoga as a method for dealing with stress of children, and discusses how it can help them to balance body and emotion. Children need to listen inward: to their bodies, ideas and their feelings. Yoga helps children on being self aware and taking part in social activities. Method: This review attempted to gather the relevant papers that were previously published on the subject. PubMed, Scopus, and Google Scholar were the sources for findings the articles. Only the articles that were published not later than 2005 were selected. Results: Nowadays, children’s expectations are higher than in the past, and their interest on the internet, media, and other communication technologies has increased. Using these media devices and the time that they spend on it may influence their lifestyles negatively and cause stress. While these technologies are very useful in their life for communication even in learning and entertainment, these sources can also lead to undeveloped attention. This article is suggesting yoga as a helpful method for children to deal with their stress, and to increase their well-being, mental health, and positive feelings. Conclusion: Yoga aids to improve physical and mental health among children and helps students in enhancing resilience, mood and self-regulation skills related to emotion and stress

Physical activity as a prescription for the children with cerebral palsy

After so many years devoted to practicing medicine as children physiotherapists, the therapists finally found the importance of balance training exercises in children who suffer from cerebral palsy. It is only through controlling balance that we can achieve improvement in body movement and position that will culminate into performance independence in a child. Formerly, working over controlling balance in cerebral palsy children has been very difficult, because contracture and spasticity did not let us to have an effective balance training exercise. In this respect, we have summarized the results of previous authors that specify the level of effectiveness of exercise therapy. The results of different studies showed that level of effectiveness of exercise therapy on alleviating the symptoms of spastic cerebral palsy is average in accordance with Cohen's effect size Interpretation table

The Effectiveness of Gestalt Therapy on Depression, Self-Differentiation, Integrative Self-Knowledge and Positive Psychological Characteristics in the Elderly

Elderly seems to be one of the most important stages of individuals’ life. Considering the growing number of elderly population, it appears necessary to have didactic and therapeutic interventions that affect their psychological well-being significantly and increase their life expectancy. Therefore, this research aimed to determine the effectiveness of gestalt therapy on depression, self-differentiation, integrative self-knowledge and positive psychological characteristics of the elderly in Isfahan. Iran. It was a semiexperimental study with pretest-posttest and a follow-up along with control group design. The statistical papulation included all the elderly above 60- year old living in Isfahan. Two centers were selected among education retirees organization using convenience sampling and then, 40 elderly people were recruited purposefully according to inclusion and exclusion criteria and assigned randomly into two groups of experimental and control with equal numbers in each group (20 members). The experimental group underwent gestalt therapy for 11 90-minute sessions, while the control group received no intervention during this period. Used to collect data were scales of elderly depression (Yesavage et al.), self-differentiation (Skowron & friedlander), integrative self-knowledge (Gorbani et al.) and positive psychological characteristics (Rashid). The collected data were analyzed using SPSS-23. The results of analysis of covariance (ANCOVA) demonstrated that gestalt therapy results in improvement of depression, self-differentiation, integrative self-knowledge and positive psychological characteristics in the elderly (P<0.05). According to the findings of this research, gestalt therapy can be applied as an efficient pattern in counselling and psychotherapy centers to decrease depression and to improve self-differentiation, integrative selfknowledge and positive psychological characteristics for the elderl

Meta Analysis of Psychological Interventions’ Effectiveness on the Rate of Depression Among Elderly Iranians in 2000-2010

Objectives: Psychologists and consultants in the recent years have looked for measuring credibility and effectiveness of psychological interventions in the field of depressions among elderly people. In this regard, Meta analysis defines the rate of effect size of psychological interventions by integrating the obtained results from different studies. Methods & Materials: The present research is trying to determine the effectiveness of the psychological interventions on the elderly people&rsquo;s depression, by using the researching model of Meta analysis. With attention to the different results about the psychological interaction on elderly depression, it seems that a Meta analysis study with accurate rate of psychological interaction on elderly depression will be helpful. On the other hand, Meta analysis can prepare a clear result about this intervention. This method helps us to examine the hypotheses mentioned in different researches.&nbsp; Results: In this case, 9 psychologically acceptable researches, were selected out of 20 for analysis. The most significant effect (0.58) is related to Sad Hezary et.al and the least amount of effect (0.21) in this research is related to the research of Nemati Dehkordi. The tool in this research was Meta analysis&rsquo; check-list The rate the effect is 0.43(P<0.001). Conclusion: The results showed that according to the Cohen&rsquo;s table of comprehension of the effective rate, the rate of the psychological interventions&rsquo; effectiveness on the elderly depression is evaluated intermediate

The Effectiveness of Couple Communication Patterns Training on thePerformance of Families with ADHD Children

The purpose of this study was to determine the effectiveness of couple communication patterns training on the performance of families with ADHD children.60 parents whose children were suffering from attention deficit hyperactivity disorder were chosen randomly. Then, the samples wererandomly divided into two groups: control group (30 participants) and experimental group (30 participants). The experimental group received 7 treatment sessions. Both groups filled out the Family Performance Questionnaire in thepretest and the posttest. The data were analyzed by statistical methods (covariance analysis).The results showed that the couple communication patterns training leaded to enhancement of family performance and its subtitles such as, emotional involvement, role playing, problem solving, emotional support, behavioral control, and the overall performance (P<0.05). The present study showed that the couple communication patterns training to parents could significantly enhance the performance of families such as emotional involvement, role playing, problem solving, emotional support, behavioral control, and the overall performance

The Effect of Training Parents in Couples’ Communication Model on Attention Deficit Hyperactivity Disorder Symptoms in 4-9 Year-Old Students in Isfahan

Attention deficit hyperactivity disorder (ADHD) is one of the most common neuropsychological childhood disorders that causes inconvenience to children, families, and the society. The objective of the present research is to investigate the effect of teaching Couples’ Communication Model on the symptoms of ADHD in 4-9 year-old students. For this purpose, 60 students suffering from attention deficit disorder/hyperactivity-impulsivity were selected using multi-stage cluster sampling method and randomly assigned into an experimental or a control group with equal proportion. The data were analyzed using inferential statistics method (Covariance analysis). The findings revealed that training parents in the Couples’ Communication Model could significantly decrease the symptoms of ADHD in children (P< 0.05). It is recommended that this method be used as a non-pharmacological method to treat ADHD in children

Effectiveness of Sand-Therapy on the Attenuation of Separation anxiety Signs in Pre-School Children

Background and Objective: The present research was conducted with the aim of determining effect of Sand-therapy on the attenuation of separation anxiety signs among pre-school children in Isfahan, Iran. Methods: The statistical society consists of all pre-school children who had separation anxiety disorder and Among100 children, 30 persons were selected using available sampling. The method of this research is quasi-experimental with one group and pre-test and post-test plan. After performing pre-test of separation anxiety disorder scale, the experimental group were trained under sand-therapy training in 10 sessions of 60 minutes for a period of two months and after that, post-test of separation anxiety disorder scale was performed. The research tool consists of the questionnaire CSI-4 of child’s morbid signs. Wilcoxon method was used to analysis the results. Results: The research findings showed that there was a meaningful different (P=0.008) between pre- test & post-test scores of anxiety signs for study group.Conclusion: As a practical message, we can mention that sand therapy is as an interesting and practical playing for the children and it is a meaningful therapy related to attenuation of separation anxious signs. Keywords: Sand therapy, separation anxiety, pre-school-childre

Effectiveness of Sand-Therapy on the Attenuation of Separation anxiety Signs in Pre-School Children

Background and Objective: The present research was conducted with the aim of determining effect of Sand-therapy on the attenuation of separation anxiety signs among pre-school children in Isfahan, Iran. Methods: The statistical society consists of all pre-school children who had separation anxiety disorder and Among100 children, 30 persons were selected using available sampling. The method of this research is quasi-experimental with one group and pre-test and post-test plan. After performing pre-test of separation anxiety disorder scale, the experimental group were trained under sand-therapy training in 10 sessions of 60 minutes for a period of two months and after that, post-test of separation anxiety disorder scale was performed. The research tool consists of the questionnaire CSI-4 of child’s morbid signs. Wilcoxon method was used to analysis the results. Results: The research findings showed that there was a meaningful different (P=0.008) between pre- test post-test scores of anxiety signs for study group.Conclusion: As a practical message, we can mention that sand therapy is as an interesting and practical playing for the children and it is a meaningful therapy related to attenuation of separation anxious signs.Keywords: Sand therapy, separation anxiety, pre-school-childre

The Effectiveness of Gestalt Therapy on Depression, Self-Differentiation, Integrative Self-Knowledge and Positive Psychological Characteristics in the Elderly

Elderly seems to be one of the most important stages of individuals’ life. Considering the growing number of elderly population, it appears necessary to have didactic and therapeutic interventions that affect their psychological well-being significantly and increase their life expectancy. Therefore, this research aimed to determine the effectiveness of gestalt therapy on depression, self-differentiation, integrative self-knowledge and positive psychological characteristics of the elderly in Isfahan. Iran.  It was a semi-experimental study with pretest-posttest and control group design along with a follow-up. The statistical papulation included all the elderly above 60-year old living in Isfahan. Two centers were selected among education retirees organization using convenience sampling and then, 40 elderly people were recruited purposefully according to eligibility criteria and assigned randomly into two groups of experimental and control with equal numbers in each group (20 members). 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