Реформатор железных дорог и страны

LevinD. Yu. S. Yu. Witte– railwayman, an outstanding statesman [S. Yu. Witte– zheleznodorozhnik, vydayushchiisya gosudarstvenniy deyatel]. Moscow, Railway training and methodological centre, 2020, 376 p. ISBN 978-5- 907206-02-1.Books about the «outstanding railway man No. 1» are published quite often, especially since 2019 that marked his 170th birthday. The personality of Sergey Yulievich Witte has always attracted connoisseurs and lovers of Russian history. Dmitry Levin’s new book «S. Yu. Witte – railwayman, an outstanding statesman» [S. Yu. Witte – zheleznodorozhnik, vydayushchiisya gosudarstvenniy deyatel’] is about him, a reformer who began his career on the railway. The author of the first Charter of Railways, the creator of the theory of tariffs, the initiator of the reform of construction and operation of railways, the acting head of construction of the Trans-Siberian Railway, who became a politician, statesman, diplomat, financier – this is a small part of what Witte had managed to do for the countryЛевин Д. Ю. С. Ю. Витте – железнодорожник, выдающийся государственный деятель. – М.: УМЦ по образованию на железнодорожном транспорте, 2020. – 376 с. ISBN 978- 5-907206-02-1.Книги о «выдающемся железнодорожнике №1» издаются довольно часто, тем более что в2019году отмечалось его 170-летие. Личность Сергея Юльевича Витте всегда притягивала знатоков илюбителей русской истории. Новая книга Дмитрия Левина «С. Ю. Витте – железнодорожник, выдающийся государственный деятель» о нём, реформаторе, начавшем карьеру на железной дороге. Автор первого Устава железных дорог, создатель теории тарифов, инициатор реформы строительства иэксплуатации железных дорог, фактический руководитель строительства Транссибирской магистрали, ставший политиком, государственным деятелем, дипломатом, финансистом – это малая часть того, что успел сделать Витте для страны

CHANGES OF MICROCIRCULATION AND IMMUNE STATUS IN LATER POSTOPERATIVE PERIOD AFTER SURGERY ON THE TRAUMATIZED SPLEEN

The state of wall thomboresistance, hemocoagulation, rheologic properties of blood and immune status have been investigated in patients after various surgeries on spleen in later postoperative period. It has been estimated that the best results are obtained after organpreserving operations on spleen. Somewhat worse results have been observed after splenectomy and autospleentransplantation. The worst results have been revealed in the group of patients after splenectomy

Nanostructural organization of naturally occurring composites - part II: silica-chitin-based biocomposites

Investigations of the micro- and nanostructures and chemical composition of the sponge skeletons as examples for natural structural biocomposites are of fundamental scientific relevance. Recently, we show that some demosponges (Verongula gigantea, Aplysina sp.) and glass sponges (Farrea occa, Euplectella aspergillum) possess chitin as a component of their skeletons. The main practical approach we used for chitin isolation was based on alkali treatment of corresponding external layers of spicules sponge material with the aim of obtaining alkali-resistant compounds for detailed analysis. Here, we present a detailed study of the structural and physicochemical properties of spicules of the glass sponge Rossella fibulata. The structural similarity of chitin derived from this sponge to invertebrate alpha chitin has been confirmed by us unambiguously using physicochemical and biochemical methods. This is the first report of a silica-chitin composite biomaterial found in Rossella species. Finally, the present work includes a discussion related to strategies for the practical application of silica-chitin-based composites as biomaterials

Apilac use in hypotonic biliary dyskinesia patients at the family doctor practiсe

Apilac can be recommended for hypotonic biliary dyskinesia patients treatment at the general practice - family medicine

Measurement of the τ-lepton Lifetime at Belle

The lifetime of the τ lepton is measured using the process e+e−→τ+τ−, where both τ leptons decay to 3πντ. The result for the mean lifetime, based on 711  fb−1 of data collected with the Belle detector at the ϒ(4S) resonance and 60  MeV below, is τ=(290.17±0.53(stat)±0.33(syst))×10−15  s. The first measurement of the lifetime difference betweenτ+ and τ− is performed. The upper limit on the relative lifetime difference between positive and negative τ leptons is |Δτ|/τ\u3c7.0×10−3 at 90% C.L

Упрочнение трибомодификацией вермикулитом

Приведены результаты исследований износостойкости трибосопряжения «коленчатый вал – вкладыш подшипника» судового дизеля после трибомодификации шеек вала (сталь 40Х твердостью 230 НВ) композитами на основе вермикулита. В результате модифицирования на поверхности стали формируется тонкопленочное износостойкое металлокерамическое покрытие.The results of researches of wear resistance of units of "cranked shaft – the bearing" marine diesel after tribomodification of the shaft (steel 40X with hardness 230 HB) composites based on vermiculite. In the result of the modification on the surface of the steel is formed thin-film wear-resistant ceramic-metal coating

Dynamic Retrieval-Augmented Generation

Current state-of-the-art large language models are effective in generating high-quality text and encapsulating a broad spectrum of world knowledge. These models, however, often hallucinate and lack locally relevant factual data. Retrieval-augmented approaches were introduced to overcome these problems and provide more accurate responses. Typically, the retrieved information is simply appended to the main request, restricting the context window size of the model. We propose a novel approach for the Dynamic Retrieval-Augmented Generation (DRAG), based on the entity-augmented generation, which injects compressed embeddings of the retrieved entities into the generative model. The proposed pipeline was developed for code-generation tasks, yet can be transferred to some domains of natural language processing. To train the model, we collect and publish a new project-level code generation dataset. We use it for the evaluation along with publicly available datasets. Our approach achieves several targets: (1) lifting the length limitations of the context window, saving on the prompt size; (2) allowing huge expansion of the number of retrieval entities available for the context; (3) alleviating the problem of misspelling or failing to find relevant entity names. This allows the model to beat all baselines (except GPT-3.5) with a strong margin.Comment: 10 page

Primary prevention in the activity of a family doctor in the context of implementation of a healthy lifestyle

В статье рассматриваются особенности общей практики – семейной медицины, позволяющие эффективно осуществлять первичную профилактику многих заболеваний за счет формирования навыков здорового образа жизни у большинства членов семьи и их устойчивого закрепления.The article discusses the features of general practice - family medicine, which make it possible to effectively carry out primary prevention of many diseases through the formation of healthy lifestyle skills in most family members and their sustainable consolidation

Calcium metabolism changes as a formation mechanism of diabetic foot in geriatric patients

Identified differences of calcium metabolism indicate signs of calcium malabsorption in DM patients and the processes of bone resorption intensification. This allows to conclude that calcium metabolism status (in particular, the severity of bone resorption) has significance at the development of diabetic hard tissue foot lesions as well as diabetic neuropathies and angiopathies. Insulin has a significant anabolic effect. It is known that a insulin production decreasing leads to the bone mineralization decreasing, reducing of the calcium blood serum level, increasing of the calcium urine secretion. The bone tissue trophics is broken – this is a result of the carbohydrate metabolism changes at cells and vascular lesions during insulin deficiency. Calcium metabolism and bone resorption changes defined at the study point to the necessity of the calcium drugs including to the complex therapy of DM

Этапы развития железного пути

For the English full text of the article please see the attached PDF-File (English version follows Russian version).Review of the book: Levin, D. Yu. The history of railway transport: Study guide [Istoriya zheleznodorozhnogo transporta: Ucheb. posobie]. Rostov-on-Don, Phoenix publ., 2018, 414 p. ABSTRACT OF THE BOOK The reviewed tutorial contains information on precursors of the history, emergence, and development of railways; on evolution of the infrastructure, of the rolling stock, and of the IT of railways; on development of traffic control, structural changes, technical and commercial improvement of railways’ operations. The tutorial is intended for the students of railway universities, attendees of the continious learning courses, experts and employees of different transport companies. Keywords: history, development, railways, private railways, public railways.Полный текст на англ. языке находится в прилагаемом файле ПДФ (англ. версия следует после русской версии).Рецензия на книгу: Левин Д. Ю. История железнодорожного транспорта: Учеб. пособие. - Ростов-на- Дону: Феникс, 2018. - 414 с. В учебном материале изложены сведения о предыстории, возникновении и развитии железных дорог; эволюции инфраструктуры, подвижного состава и информационных технологий; трансформации системы управления перевозочным процессом; изменении структуры отрасли; совершенствовании технической и коммерческой эксплуатации железнодорожного транспорта. Пособие предназначено для студентов отраслевых вузов, слушателей курсов повышения квалификации, специалистов и работников различных транспортных компаний