PO-278 The Mechanism Of LIL combined with AZD8055 On The Glutamine Addiction Of CT26 Cells

Objective The photobiomodulation of low-intensity lasers can activate many pathways and molecules, which involved in tumor growth, invasion, metastasis, and resistance to drugs or radiation therapy, but studies of low-intensity lasers on tumor cell addiction, have not been reported. Numerous studies have shown that changes in plasma and muscle glutamine levels can occur when the body undergoes prolonged exercise (>1 hour) or overtraining. AZD8055 is a dual inhibitor of mammalian rapamycin complex (mTORC)1/mTORC2 that inhibits phosphorylation of mTORC1 (p70S6K and 4E-BP1), mTORC2 (AKT) and downstream proteins. Based on the experimental model of glutamine addiction in laboratory, we chose the worst conditions to cause super-proliferation of CT26 cells and simulate the drug resistance of solid tumors. The purpose is to study tumor deterioration from the perspective of tumor cell function. Under the state, the effect of low-intensity laser combined with AZD8055 on the proliferation of glutamine addiction in CT26 cells is also the development of exercise intervention tumors, and the experimental basis is proposed from the perspective of nutrient metabolism. Methods This experiment used a pre-experimental glutamine addiction model to culture mouse colon cancer CT26 cells after horse serum shock, and used different intensity 640±15 nm low-intensity lasers from light-emitting diode arrays (red light at 640±15 nm from Light emitting diode array, RLED), 15 min/day；different concentrations of AZD8055 (0 ~ 100μM) on different proliferative CT26 cells at different times. Cell proliferation was detected by MTT assay; mRNA levels of proliferation-related genes were detected by RT-PCR; protein levels were detected by western blot. The data were analyzed by SPSS21.0 statistical software and self-similarity index analysis. Among them, the statistical significance level was set at 0.05, P<0.05 was different; P<0.01 was significant difference. In the self-similarity index analysis method, l>0.8 is a significant difference. Results 1.CT26 cells were incubated at Gln7.94 mM until the 8th day, and AZD8055 was added at different concentrations. Compared with no inhibitor , and at 6 h, the cells were significantly increased when the concentration of AZD8055 was 0.001 μM, 1 μM, 10 μM and 100 μM. (P<0.01); at 12h, the cells were significantly inhibition when the of AZD8055>0.5μM (P<0.01). 2.From the growth inhibition rate analysis, at 48 h and 72 h, the inhibition rate exceeded 50%,when the concentration of AZD8055 was 100 μM (61.01% and 87.46%), when< 0.1 μM,  the cells were proliferation occurred at 48 h and 72 h, and it is drug resistance. 3.When AZD8055 combined with low-intensity laser treatment of CT26 cells, CT26 cells had different degrees of proliferative effects at different time points: 12h, 24h, 48h and 72h. Especially at 48h, the light intensity of LIL2 to LIL8 had a significant proliferative effect on CT26 cells (l≥0.8). 4.Compared with the control group (0 hours without inhibitor), the CT26 cells were treatment with AZD8055 1μM , the mRNA level of the gene GLUT1 was significantly down-regulated in all time periods (P<0.01). When the LIL(2.17 mW/cm2) combined AZD8055 (1μM) significantly promoted the proliferation of CT26 cells at 24h and 48h. It is related to up-regulated of protein expression in all time points: at 6h and 12h, the pMEK protein and the pMEK/ MEK were significantly up-regulated(P<0.01). At 24h, the expression of GLUT1 protein was up-regulated(P<0.01), MEK protein, pERK protein and ERK/ pERK were significantly up-regulated (P<0.01).  At 48h, the GLUT1 protein, MEK protein , pERK protein and pERK/ERK were up-regulated (P<0.01). Conclusions 1.The minimum inhibitory concentration of AZD8055 on super-proliferative CT26 cells was 0.5 μM, and the super-proliferative state showed more obvious drug resistance. 2.When low-intensity lasers combined with AZD8055 treated CT26  super-proliferating cells, CT26 cells are not sensitive to AZD8055, while low-intensity lasers promote CT26 cells proliferation by up-regulating MEK/ERK signaling pathways

Effects of physical activity in child and adolescent depression and anxiety: role of inflammatory cytokines and stress-related peptide hormones

Depression and anxiety are the most common mental illnesses affecting children and adolescents, significantly harming their well-being. Research has shown that regular physical activity can promote cognitive, emotional, fundamental movement skills, and motor coordination, as a preventative measure for depression while reducing the suicide rate. However, little is known about the potential role of physical activity in adolescent depression and anxiety. The studies reviewed in this paper suggest that exercise can be an effective adjunctive treatment to improve depressive and anxiety symptoms in adolescents, although research on its neurobiological effects remains limited

Monitoring Prevalence and Persistence of Environmental Contamination by SARS-CoV-2 RNA in a Makeshift Hospital for Asymptomatic and Very Mild COVID-19 Patients

Objective: To investigate the details of environmental contamination status by SARS-CoV-2 in a makeshift COVID-19 hospital.Methods: Environmental samples were collected from a makeshift hospital. The extent of contamination was assessed by quantitative reverse transcription polymerase chain reaction (RT-qPCR) for SARS-CoV-2 RNA from various samples.Results: There was a wide range of total collected samples contaminated with SARS-CoV-2 RNA, ranging from 8.47% to 100%. Results revealed that 70.00% of sewage from the bathroom and 48.19% of air samples were positive. The highest rate of contamination was found from the no-touch surfaces (73.07%) and the lowest from frequently touched surfaces (33.40%). The most contaminated objects were the top surfaces of patient cubic partitions (100%). The median Ct values among strongly positive samples were 33.38 (IQR, 31.69–35.07) and 33.24 (IQR, 31.33–34.34) for ORF1ab and N genes, respectively. SARS-CoV-2 relic RNA can be detected on indoor surfaces for up to 20 days.Conclusion: The findings show a higher prevalence and persistence in detecting the presence of SARS-CoV-2 in the makeshift COVID-19 hospital setting. The contamination mode of droplet deposition may be more common than contaminated touches

Virus-Free and Live-Cell Visualizing SARS-CoV-2 Cell Entry for Studies of Neutralizing Antibodies and Compound Inhibitors

新型冠状病毒SARS-CoV-2在全球蔓延，给全球公共卫生带来严重威胁。快速研制疫苗、抗体和治疗药物成为科学界面临的重大挑战。由于SARS-CoV-2的高度传染性，采用病毒感染模型进行中和抗体及小分子抑制剂的药效评估需要在高等级生物安全实验室中进行，且常需要数天时间才能完成检测，限制了抗体和药物筛选的效率。发展快速、可视、不依赖于活病毒的新冠病毒入胞检测探针和细胞模型，对于加速新冠病毒抗体和药物的研究有重要意义。夏宁邵教授团队通过CHO真核表达系统高效表达制备出C端融合抗酸荧光蛋白Gamillus的重组新冠病毒spike蛋白STG。STG经SEC分子筛和冷冻电镜确认呈现与天然病毒刺突高度相似的三聚体结构，且与ACE2有很高的亲和力（18.2nM）。STG具备良好的细胞相容性和荧光性质，研究者进一步开发了可定量测定感染恢复期血清、疫苗免疫血清中和抗体（入胞阻断抗体）水平的CSBT检测方法。除了抗体检测评估方面的应用外，该研究发展的探针和模型还可用于筛选分析抑制新冠病毒入胞及胞内转运的小分子化合物。 我校博士后张雅丽，博士生王邵娟、巫洋涛，博士后侯汪衡、袁伦志和深圳市第三人民医院沈晨光博士为共同第一作者。厦门大学夏宁邵教授、袁权教授、程通教授为该论文共同通讯作者。The ongoing corona virus disease 2019 (COVID-19) pandemic, caused by SARS-CoV-2 infection, has resulted in hundreds of thousands of deaths. Cellular entry of SARS-CoV-2, which is mediated by the viral spike protein and ACE2 receptor, is an essential target for the development of vaccines, therapeutic antibodies, and drugs. Using a mammalian cell expression system,a genetically engineered sensor of fluorescent protein (Gamillus)-fused SARS-CoV-2 spike trimer (STG) to probe the viral entry process is developed.In ACE2-expressing cells, it is found that the STG probe has excellent performance in the live-cell visualization of receptor binding, cellular uptake, and intracellular trafficking of SARS-CoV-2 under virus-free conditions. The new system allows quantitative analyses of the inhibition potentials and detailed influence of COVID-19-convalescent human plasmas, neutralizing antibodies and compounds, providing a versatile tool for high-throughput screening and phenotypic characterization of SARS-CoV-2 entry inhibitors. This approach may also be adapted to develop a viral entry visualization system for other viruses.This study was supported by National Natural Science Foundation of China (81993149041 for N.X.; 81902057 for Y.Z.; 81871316 and U1905205 for Q.Y.), the National Science and Technology Major Project of Infectious Diseases (No. 2017ZX10304402‐002‐003 for T.C. and No. 2017ZX10202203‐009 for Q.Y.), the National Science and Technology Major Projects for Major New Drugs Innovation and Development (No. 2018ZX09711003‐005‐003 for T.C.), the Science and Technology Major Project of Fujian (2020YZ014001), the Science and Technology Major Project of Xiamen (3502Z2020YJ01), and the Guangdong Basic and Applied Basic Research Foundation (2020A1515010368 for C.S.). 该研究得到了国家自然科学基金、传染病防治国家科技重大专项、福建省应急科技攻关项目和厦门应急科技攻关项目的支持

Effectiveness and Durability of Polyacrylamide (PAM) and Polysaccharide (Jag C 162) in Reducing Soil Erosion under Simulated Rainfalls

Polymers as a soil amendment is one of the effective measurements to reduce soil erosion. In this study, two polymers, polyacrylamide (PAM) and polysaccharide (Jag C 162), were applied to erosion plots filled with loess soil (tilted at 20°). For each polymer, four concentration levels—0, 10, 30, and 50 kg·ha−1—were applied. The treated erosion plots were then subjected to two simulated rainfall events (dry and wet run) to investigate their effectiveness and durability in controlling soil erosion. Both simulated rainfall events were at an intensity of 120 mm·h−1, and each event lasted for 30 min with 24 h free drainage in between. Results show that both polymers could reduce runoff, effectively control sheet erosion, and promote soil aggregates due to their capability to bind and stabilize soil particles. Such reducing effects were more pronounced on the Jag C 162-treated plots than on the PAM-treated plots. However, during the second (wet) run, there was more reduction of aggregate with size of >0.25 mm and greater increment of soil loss on the Jag C 162-treated plots than on the PAM-treated plots

An Overview of Ammonia Separation by Ionic Liquids

Ammonia (NH3) is an important chemical in several fields, such as agriculture, pharmaceutical, material, and chemicals manufacturing. However, NH3 is a toxic gaseous pollutant and NH3 release results in environment pollution. Minimizing NH3 emission is of great significance for solving NH3-related environmental issues and promoting the reuse of NH3 resources. Ionic liquids (ILs) are energy-saving gas absorbents, because of their low vapor pressure, good chemical stability, and high NH3 solubility. The recent research progress of conventional, functionalized ILs and novel IL-based materials and solvents for NH3 separation was summarized. The effects of anions and cations on NH3 absorption capacity, as well as the absorption mechanism of ILs, were discussed in detail in this Review. The simulated dynamic parameters of NH3-IL systems including mass diffusivity, heat-and masstransfer coefficient were also discussed. In addition, this Review summarized the industrial application achievement of ILs in NH3 separation and recovery from NH3-containing tail gas, which spans from simulation, pilot plant to industrial applications. Finally, the research trends in NH3 separation by IL-based systems were proposed based on existing research

Experimental study on hydrodynamics of ionic liquids systems in falling film evaporator

Ionic liquids (ILs) have been proved as novel excellent solvents in gas separation and so on. Due to its excellent heat and mass transfer performance, falling film evaporator is often used in the applications of high viscosity systems and has the potential to be the regeneration equipment for IL-based systems. However, there are few reports on the falling film evaporation of ILs system. The relevant experimental data are scarce. Moreover, the traditional models cannot predict the hydrodynamics of ILs well due to the specific properties of ILs. In this study, an experimental method for studying the ILs falling film flow was established. The falling film hydrodynamics of three ILs (BmimBF4, BmimPF6, OmimBF4), including film flow pattern and film thickness were investigated. The effects of streamwise flow distance and the physical property of ILs on the hydrodynamics were analyzed. A calculation model and a dimensionless empirical model of ILs film thickness were established based on experimental data. The average relative deviation of new dimensionless model is 2.83%, which is much lower than that of Nusselt model (13.48%). The measurement of key parameters and the establishment of models provide experiment data and basis for designing the falling film evaporator of IL-based systems