A schematic review on multifaceted relationship between cardiovascular disease and diabetes

Cardiovascular disease (CVD) and diabetes mellitus are health conditions that are closely linked and have a significant impact, on public health systems and personal well-being. The intersection of these two conditions has generated concerns, within the healthcare field and medical research. The importance of understanding the connection, between disease and diabetes cannot be highlighted enough. Diabetes is a chief risk element to the development and progression of state such as peripheral vascular disease, coronary artery disease, and stroke. Individuals with diabetes face a 2 to 4 folds risk of experiencing events as equated to those without diabetes. This simultaneous occurrence of these two health issues has implications, for healthcare professionals, policymakers and the individuals affected by them. Despite the progress made in managing both CVD and diabetes it remains crucial to address the overlap, between these two conditions. The matter, at hand revolves around comprehending the links between these two conditions identifying effective methods, for prevention and treatment and maximizing patient care. It is crucial, for healthcare professionals, policymakers and people who have CVD or diabetes to understand how these two conditions interact with each other. In this review our goal is to present an overview of the multifaceted relationship between CVD and diabetes

Eigenvalues of the QCD Dirac matrix with improved staggered quarks in the continuum limit

We calculate the eigenmodes of the Highly Improved Staggered Quark (HISQ) matrix near the chiral crossover transition in QCD with $2+1$ flavors with the aim to gain more insights into its temperature dependence. On performing the continuum extrapolation, we do not observe any gap opening up in the infrared part of the eigenvalue density of the QCD Dirac operator; instead we observe a peak. The existence of the peak and oscillations of the infrared eigenmodes can be understood in terms of an interacting ensemble of instantons. From the properties of the continuum extrapolated eigenspectrum we further show that the anomalous $U_A(1)$ part of the chiral symmetry is not effectively restored simultaneously along with its non-singlet counterpart. We provide an explanation for this observation, further showing interesting connections between the anomalous $U_A(1)$ restoration and the change in the infrared part of the eigenvalue distribution.Comment: v2: Version to be published in Phys. Rev.

Sustenance in Chronic Kidney Disease: Beyond the Calorie Count

Diet and nutrition play key roles in the management of metabolic disorders like hypertension, obesity, hyperlipidemia and diabetes. All these conditions are linked with the pathogenesis of chronic kidney disease (CKD). Patients with CKD frequently exhibit a progressive loss of muscle and fat mass that may not be related to reduced intake alone. This article provides a comprehensive overview of protein-energy wasting (PEW) in CKD, including its etiology and the obesity paradox and the nutritional guiding principles

Kinetics of V(V) Oxidation of Esters of Mandelic Acid

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A rare case of lutembacher syndrome in a young female: a case report from a rural population of Western Uttar Pradesh, India

Lutembacher syndrome is a rare entity presenting with a combination of congenital atrial septal defect with acquired mitral stenosis. Lutembacher syndrome is reported to be more prevalent in developing countries where the incidence of rheumatic fever is high. We also came across with a young female with the similar clinical presentation in our hospital situated in a rural area in Western Uttar Pradesh, India. Keeping in mind its rare occurrence, we are presenting an overview of this syndrome including its various aspects and the problems faced by the patients in rural scenario.