7 research outputs found
On the Road with GPT-4V(ision): Early Explorations of Visual-Language Model on Autonomous Driving
The pursuit of autonomous driving technology hinges on the sophisticated
integration of perception, decision-making, and control systems. Traditional
approaches, both data-driven and rule-based, have been hindered by their
inability to grasp the nuance of complex driving environments and the
intentions of other road users. This has been a significant bottleneck,
particularly in the development of common sense reasoning and nuanced scene
understanding necessary for safe and reliable autonomous driving. The advent of
Visual Language Models (VLM) represents a novel frontier in realizing fully
autonomous vehicle driving. This report provides an exhaustive evaluation of
the latest state-of-the-art VLM, GPT-4V(ision), and its application in
autonomous driving scenarios. We explore the model's abilities to understand
and reason about driving scenes, make decisions, and ultimately act in the
capacity of a driver. Our comprehensive tests span from basic scene recognition
to complex causal reasoning and real-time decision-making under varying
conditions. Our findings reveal that GPT-4V demonstrates superior performance
in scene understanding and causal reasoning compared to existing autonomous
systems. It showcases the potential to handle out-of-distribution scenarios,
recognize intentions, and make informed decisions in real driving contexts.
However, challenges remain, particularly in direction discernment, traffic
light recognition, vision grounding, and spatial reasoning tasks. These
limitations underscore the need for further research and development. Project
is now available on GitHub for interested parties to access and utilize:
\url{https://github.com/PJLab-ADG/GPT4V-AD-Exploration
Study of unsteady aerodynamic performance of a high-speed train entering a double-track tunnel under crosswind conditions
Significant variation exists in the aerodynamic performances of high-speed trains (HSTs) traveling in different infrastructure scenarios. When high-speed trains travel from one infrastructure scenario to another, the aerodynamic loads acting on the trains change significantly. To investigate the safety as a HST enters a tunnel under crosswind conditions, the unsteady aerodynamic performance of the HST and the flow structures around the train were numerically studied. The results demonstrated that the flow field and the pressure field were symmetrically distributed under conditions with no crosswind, while the distribution of the flow field and the pressure field were clearly asymmetric when crosswinds were present at the tunnel entrance. Furthermore, the flow structures near the train and the pressure distributed on the train surfaces outside the tunnel were most severely affected by the presence of crosswinds. Vortex structures appeared on the windward side surface of the train inside the tunnel and on the leeward side surface of the train outside the tunnel during the entrance of the train into the tunnel. Due to the sudden changes in the flow and the pressure as the train entered the tunnel, the aerodynamic loads changed drastically, and the variations of each vehicle were different, resulting in complex dynamic responses, including lateral vibrations and pitching movement. In particular, the aerodynamic performance of the rear vehicle was the worst as the train entered the tunnel when no crosswind conditions existed, while the head vehicle was the most negatively affected for safe operation of the HST when strong crosswinds were present at the tunnel entrance. (c) 2023 Elsevier Ltd. All rights reserved
Drug in Therapeutic Polymer: Sinomenine-Loaded Oxidation-Responsive Polymeric Nanoparticles for Rheumatoid Arthritis Treatment
Rheumatoid arthritis (RA) is a chronic inflammatory joint
disease
that frequently involves cartilage damage and the destruction of the
bone structure, ultimately resulting in disability and long-term pain.
It is clear that overexpression of reactive oxygen species (ROS) and
the complex inflammatory microenvironment are the main causes of RA
pathogenesis; thereby, the efficacy of any single-drug treatment is
limited. Herein, we formulated a therapeutic hyaluronic acid derivative
(PAM-HA) with adsorption capacity to the subchondral bone, a long
retention time within inflamed joints, and ROS-scavenging capacity,
which was used as a drug carrier for realizing the controlled release
of sinomenine (Sin) within arthritic joints. This “drug in
therapeutic polymer” design strategy was aimed at realizing
antioxidant and anti-inflammatory combination therapy for RA. In vivo
experiments suggest that PAM-HA@Sin NPs can be retained in the inflamed
joints of rats for a long time compared with commercially available
free Sin injections. As expected, therapeutic PAM-HA polymeric carriers
can increase joint lubrication and reduce oxidative stress, while
the released Sin induces downregulation of proinflammatory factors
(TNF-α and IL-1β) and upregulation of anti-inflammatory
factors (Arg-1 and IL-10) via the NF-κB pathway. In summary,
a ROS-scavenging hyaluronic acid (HA) derivative was developed as
the nanocarrier for Sin delivery to simultaneously remodel the oxidative/inflammatory
microenvironment in RA, which opens up new horizons for the development
of therapeutic polymers and the combined therapeutic strategies
Rapid and low-cost strategy for detecting genome-editing induced deletion: A single-copy case
Pradefovir in naive or experienced adult patients with chronic infection of hepatitis B virus: week24 results from 23 multicentre, double-blind, randomised, non-inferiority, phase2 trials
Piglets cloned from induced pluripotent stem cells
Embryonic stem (ES) cells are powerful tools for generating genetically modified animals that can assist in advancing our knowledge of mammalian physiology and disease. Pigs provide outstanding models of human genetic diseases due to the striking similarities to human anatomy, physiology and genetics, but progress with porcine genetic engineering has been hampered by the lack of germline-competent pig ES cells. To overcome this limitation, genetically modified pigs have been produced using genetically modified somatic cells and nuclear transfer (NT). Yet, somatic cells exhibit limited proliferative capacity and have an extremely low frequency of homologous recombination compared to ES cells. Hence, only a few knockout pig models have been reported thus far using standard gene-targeting approaches