Young people’s political participation in the digital environment

Much of the time today's young people spend on the Internet, communicating with friends, receiving educational services, making online purchases. Such an important part of public life as political activity is no exception. The article is devoted to studying the opportunities and barriers of young people’s political participation in a digitalisation, to describing the different forms of this participation in the digital environment, and identifying the young people’s interest level in different forms of political participation online. The research paper carries out a content analysis of different ways of political participation: online flash mobs, Internet voting, platforms for collecting signatures, personal blogs, politically oriented communities, publications by popular bloggers. The content analysis data were supplemented by the questionnaire survey results of young people – active Internet users. The political participation modes were compared with each other in terms of their relevance to young people, including in the context of the using safety one mode or another. The research results provides an opportunity to designate the problem and significantly speed up the process of solving it, and will make it possible to considerably simplify the young people’s entry process into the political system through digital technologies

Homogenization of Biomechanical Models for Plant Tissues

In this paper homogenization of a mathematical model for plant tissue biomechanics is presented. The microscopic model constitutes a strongly coupled system of reaction-diffusion-convection equations for chemical processes in plant cells, the equations of poroelasticity for elastic deformations of plant cell walls and middle lamella, and Stokes equations for fluid flow inside the cells. The chemical process in cells and the elastic properties of cell walls and middle lamella are coupled because elastic moduli depend on densities involved in chemical reactions, whereas chemical reactions depend on mechanical stresses. Using homogenization techniques we derive rigorously a macroscopic model for plant biomechanics. To pass to the limit in the nonlinear reaction terms, which depend on elastic strain, we prove the strong two-scale convergence of the displacement gradient and velocity field

Homogenization: methods and applications

Homogenization is a collection of powerful techniques in partial differential equations that are used to study differential operators with rapidly oscillating coefficients, boundary value problems with rapidly varying boundary conditions, equations in perforated domains, equations with random coefficients, and other objects of theoretical and practical interest. The book focuses on various aspects of homogenization theory and related topics. It comprises classical results and methods of homogenization theory, as well as modern subjects and techniques developed in the last decade. Special attention is paid to averaging of random parabolic equations with lower order terms, to homogenization of singular structures and measures, and to problems with rapidly alternating boundary conditions. The book contains many exercises, which help the reader to better understand the material presented. All the main results are illustrated with a large number of examples, ranging from very simple to rather advanced

The importance of cranium bones fractures proving at expert rating of brain injury severity

The importance of cranium bones fractures is determined in medicolegal examination (МLE), using the special information system "Expert — CCT", into which database of 27 206 supervision (f.074/o) with cranio-cerebral trauma (CCT) were entered. The CCT treatment outcomes depend on cranium bones fractures, investigated on 2697 case reports (f.033/o). There was a cranium fracture in 1084 (40,2%) cases. The mortality at CCT with the isolated fornix or cranium basis fracture authentically did not differ from number of fatal outcomes at brain bruises in average and heavy degree without cranium fracture. The combination of fornix and cranium basis bones fractures caused to mortality outcomes in most cases and more often, than isolated fractures, that could serve as authentic acknowledgement for MLE of CCT severity with attributes, danger for life. The isolated fornix or cranium basis bones fracture did not influence on a trauma outcome and in studied cases the degree of CCT severity at MLE realization should be estimated on character and severity of traumatic brain substance injuries. These offers should be taken into account, while developing new edition of the Ministry of public health of Ukraine Order on improving MLE of a CCT

Доказовість значущості перелому кісток черепа для експертної оцінки тяжкості черепно-мозкової травми

The importance of cranium bones fractures is determined in medicolegal examination (МLE), using the special information system "Expert — CCT", into which database of 27 206 supervision (f.074/o) with cranio-cerebral trauma (CCT) were entered. The CCT treatment outcomes depend on cranium bones fractures, investigated on 2697 case reports (f.033/o). There was a cranium fracture in 1084 (40,2%) cases. The mortality at CCT with the isolated fornix or cranium basis fracture authentically did not differ from number of fatal outcomes at brain bruises in average and heavy degree without cranium fracture. The combination of fornix and cranium basis bones fractures caused to mortality outcomes in most cases and more often, than isolated fractures, that could serve as authentic acknowledgement for MLE of CCT severity with attributes, danger for life. The isolated fornix or cranium basis bones fracture did not influence on a trauma outcome and in studied cases the degree of CCT severity at MLE realization should be estimated on character and severity of traumatic brain substance injuries. These offers should be taken into account, while developing new edition of the Ministry of public health of Ukraine Order on improving MLE of a CCT.Значимость перелома костей черепа при проведении судебно-медицинской экспертизы (СМЭ) определена с помощью специальной информационной системы “Эксперт-ЧМТ”, в базу данных которой введены сведения (ф.074/о) о 27 206 пострадавших с черепно-мозговой травмой (ЧМТ). Исход лечения ЧМТ в зависимости от наличия перелома черепа изучен при анализе 2697 историй болезни (ф.033/о). У 1084 (40,2%) пострадавших выявлен перелом костей черепа. Летальность при ЧМТ с изолированным переломом свода или основания черепа достоверно не отличается от таковой при ушибе мозга средней тяжести и тяжелом в отсутствие перелома черепа. Сочетанный перелом костей свода и основания черепа является причиной летального исхода во много раз чаще, чем изолированный, что может служить достоверным подтверждением для СМЭ тяжести ЧМТ с признаками опасности для жизни. Изолированный перелом костей свода или основания черепа доказательно не влияет на исход травмы, у таких пострадавших тяжесть ЧМТ при проведении СМЭ оценивают по характеру и тяжести травматических изменений вещества мозга. Эти предложения целесообразно учитывать при разработке новой редакции Приказа МЗ Украины о совершенствовании СМЭ ЧМТ.Значущість перелому кісток черепа під час проведення судово-медичної експертизи (СМЕ) визначена за допомогою спеціальної інформаційної системи “Експерт — ЧМТ”, до бази даних якої введені відомості (ф.074/о) про 27 206 потерпілих з черепно-мозковою травмою (ЧМТ). Кінцевий результат лікування ЧМТ залежно від наявності перелому черепа вивчений під час аналізу 2697 історій хвороби (ф.033/о). У 1084 (40,2%) потерпілих відзначений перелом кісток черепа. Летальність при ЧМТ за ізольованого перелому склепіння або основи черепа вірогідно не відрізняється від такої при забою мозку середньої тяжкості та тяжкому за відсутності перелому черепа. Поєднаний перелом кісток склепіння і основи черепа є причиною смерті потерпілих набагато частіше, ніж ізольований, що може бути достовірним підтвердженням для СМЕ тяжкості ЧМТ з ознаками небезпеки для життя. Ізольований перелом кісток склепіння або основи черепа доказово не впливає на наслідки травми, у таких потерпілих тяжкість ЧМТ при проведенні СМЕ оцінюють за характером і тяжкістю травматичних змін речовини мозку. Ці пропозиції доцільно мати на увазі під час опрацювання нової редакції Наказу МОЗ України з удосконалення СМЕ ЧМТ.