Numerical Study of a Three-Bed Adsorption Chiller Employing an Advanced Mass Recovery Process

The performance improvement of a three-bed (equal bed) adsorption chiller employing an advanced mass recovery process has been numerically studied in this paper. The mass recovery scheme is used to improve the cooling effect and a CFC-free-based sorption chiller driven by the low-grade waste heat or any renewable energy source can be developed for the next generation of refrigeration. Silica gel/water is taken as adsorbent/adsorbate pair for the present chiller. The three-bed adsorption chiller comprises with three adsorber/desorber heat exchanger, one evaporator and one condenser. In the present numerical solution, the heat source temperature variation is taken from 500C to 900C along with coolant inlet temperature at 300C and the chilled water inlet temperature at 140C. In the new strategy, if any one bed (3rd bed) is connect with the evaporator during pre-heating or pre-cooling time then it will give better performance than that of existing system. In this strategy, mass recovery process also occurs in all bed. A cycle simulation computer program is constructed to analyze the influence of operating conditions (hot and cooling water temperature) on COP (coefficient of performance), and CC (cooling capacity)

Tests for predicting complications of pre-eclampsia: A protocol for systematic reviews

Background Pre-eclampsia is associated with several complications. Early prediction of complications and timely management is needed for clinical care of these patients to avert fetal and maternal mortality and morbidity. There is a need to identify best testing strategies in pre eclampsia to identify the women at increased risk of complications. We aim to determine the accuracy of various tests to predict complications of pre-eclampsia by systematic quantitative reviews. Method We performed extensive search in MEDLINE (1951–2004), EMBASE (1974–2004) and also will also include manual searches of bibliographies of primary and review articles. An initial search has revealed 19500 citations. Two reviewers will independently select studies and extract data on study characteristics, quality and accuracy. Accuracy data will be used to construct 2 × 2 tables. Data synthesis will involve assessment for heterogeneity and appropriately pooling of results to produce summary Receiver Operating Characteristics (ROC) curve and summary likelihood ratios. Discussion This review will generate predictive information and integrate that with therapeutic effectiveness to determine the absolute benefit and harm of available therapy in reducing complications in women with pre-eclampsia

An exploratory study of Slum Development projects in Dhaka city: a case study of UBSDP and WATSAN

This dissertation is submitted in partial fulfillment of the requirements for the degree of Master of Development Studies, 2007.Cataloged from PDF version of dissertation.Includes bibliographical references (page 133 - 136).Bangladesh has one of the highest rates of growth of urban population at over 6 percent per annum over the last three decades compared to the national population growth rate of about 1.67 percent (Fourth decennial population census, 2001, Statistical Yearbook of Bangladesh, 2004). The number of the urban poor has also increased from 7 million in 1985 to 11.9 million in 2005 (CUS Slum Report, 2005). According to the third decennial population census, 1991 the percentage of urban population was 20.2 while that of rural 79.8. A major reason behind it is the concentration of economic, social, political and administrative organs of a nation or region in the cities have made it a magnet for rich as well as poor households. This has created certain adverse effects such as mass poverty, proliferation of slums and squatters, inadequate supply of urban facilities such as water, electricity, garbage disposal, sanitation, sewerage, and fuel for cooking as well as degradation of social and physical environment. These harsh conditions are faced mainly by the urban poor(compared to their counterparts in the rural areas). This is more so for the capital city Dhaka where 70percent people live below the poverty line. They are the most deprived sector with respect to obtaining basic urban facilities. According to a census in late 1990s, only 26 percent of the urban population was served by piped water and only 11 percent had access to adequate excreta disposal facilities. The environmental conditions, especially water pollution problems arising from in adequate treatment of sewage, poor drainage and inappropriate disposal of solid waste, are often appalling and worse than in rural areas (Islam, N. et al., 1997). Several attempts in the form of programs or projects have been taken for the overall development of the poor of the Dhaka city slums. A few such projects are the Slum Improvement Project (SIP) launched in 1995, the Urban Basic Service Delivery Project (UBSDP) in 1997 and The Water and Sanitation Rehabilitation Programs (WATSAN) in 2005. Studies on urban development projects and programs are considerably small in number unlike in the case of rural development. Some analysis is done on the basis on Household Expenditure Surveys (HES) but it is not widely used since definitions often vary from time to time restricting its usefulness. There is however a great need to explore the true impacts of the urban development project at the recipient level. In Bangladesh the need for adopting policies responsive to the need of urban poverty alleviation are now felt by the government as well as the planners and the professionals from outside the government. This widely felt need has prompted the undertaking of this dissertation. By looking into all the above issues and by taking the sector of the urban populace that resides in the urban slums of Dhaka city this dissertation attempts to find out how fruitful the projects are in fulfilling their activities with respect to their specific objectives to understand how they work for these poor people. The key findings were that the situations before the slum development projects interventions under study much differed from the situations after the slum development projects interventions, particularly in the areas of their activities as part of the process of fulfilling their objectives. These changes, in most cases were found positive and advantageous in improving the standard of living of the beneficiaries. This reveals that the urban slums' development projects or programs may become essential or become a prerequisite for creating a self sustained nation that conforms to the Millennium Development Goals.Shakila Parveen KhanM. Development Studie

A comparison of clinical officers with medical doctors on outcomes of caesarean section in the developing world: meta-analysis of controlled studies

Objective To review the effectiveness and safety of clinical officers (healthcare providers trained to perform tasks usually undertaken by doctors) carrying out caesarean section in developing countries compared with doctors

Methyl 3-[(E,E)-3-phenyl­prop-2-enyl­idene]dithio­carbazate

In the title compound, C11H12N2S2, the dithio­carbazate group adopts an EE configuration with respect to the C=C and C=N bonds of the propenyl­idene group. The atoms of the propenyl­idene and dithio­carbazate unit are essentially co-planar, with a maximum deviation of 0.058 (1) Å; the phenyl ring forms a dihedral angle of 18.3 (1)° with this fragment. In the crystal, mol­ecules form inversion dimers via pairs of N—H⋯S hydrogen bonds involving the terminal S atom

Patient satisfaction with Telepsychiatry consultations in the time of covid19 : Data from a tertiary care hospital in Pakistan

OBJECTIVES: To assess the patient satisfaction with telepsychiatry consultations, and whether time and money was saved by patients availing the service. METHODS: Anonymous internet survey using Google Form method, was conducted between April 2020 and September 2020 to collect data from patients using teleconsultation in out-patients psychiatry clinic. The google form consisted of patient satisfaction questionnaire, demographic details, and additional questions about the money and time saved by patients using the service. RESULTS: Out of 260 participants, 152, (58.5%) were males, 148 (58.3 %) were married and majority (n=157: 60.4%) of patients were <40 years of age. About 62.7% (n=163) were highly educated. Majority (n=108; 41.5%) of the survey participants were from Khyber Pakhtunkhwa province. The average cost saving was Pakistani Rupees 3000 for the consultation whereas the average time saved was 1.5 days. Patients were happy during communication with doctor including seeing doctor on screen (85.7%), hearing to doctor (90.4%), talking to doctor (84.6%) and discussion of their care plan (81.6%). Majority (79.2%) of the survey participants were happy with the meeting of care needs and 86.5% were happy to avail the service in future. CONCLUSION: The study underscores the importance of telepsychiatry as mode of service delivery during the pandemics. The findings demonstrated a high level of patient satisfaction, considerable amount of time and money saving indicates the effectiveness of telepsychiatry consultation. It needs to expand the telepsychiatry service both in public and private hospitals and also test this model on a representative sample of patients in Pakistan