Comparing the efficiency of Denture brush and Ordinary brush in complete Denture cleaning

Please cite this article as: Fayaz A, Shakerian M, Ansari GH. Comparing the Efficiency of Denture brush and Ordinary brush in complete Denture cleaning. Novel Biomed 2013;1(2):62-65.Background & objective: Denture cleansing is a key element in retaining mucosa free of any inflammation. However, many denture users usually ignore this important factor. This investigation was designed to compare the efficacy of a denture brush and an ordinary brush in cleansing process of complete dentures.Materials & Methods: A group of 31 individuals aged 44-76 years were included in this study. Each patient was then instructed to use the denture brush for a period of 4 weeks while an ordinary brush was to be used for the following 4 weeks. Dentures were photographed and evaluated at every two week intervals using a computer photographic software assessment method. Pictures were compared using the image tool for plaque remaining on the denture surfaces. Student t-test was used to analyse data collected.Results: Comparison of the brush type efficacy at 2 and 4 weeks did not show any significant difference ( P>0.05 ), however , clinical evaluation indicated that denture brush leaves much less plaque bio-film compare to the ordinary one, with mean plaque traced at 6.88 to 9.24 in 4 weeks.Conclusion: There were no significant differences found between the two brushes’ efficacy, with clinical evaluation significantly in favor of denture brush

Molecular detection of Brucella melitensis in sheep and goat milk in Iran

Purpose: To detect Brucella melitensis in the milk of reared sheep and goats from Isfahan and Shahrekord regions, Iran.Methods: A total of 225 milk samples (sheep = 125; goat = 100) were collected from Isfahan and Shahrekord regions, Central Iran. Polymerase chain reaction (PCR) was used to detect the presence of B. melitensis in the milk following standard procedures.Results: From 225 milk samples, 20 (8.9 %) were positive for B. melitensis. Out of 125 sheep milk, 12 (9.6 %) had B. melitensis, and of these, 8 (66.6 %) were milk collected from Shahrekord and 4 (33.3 %) from Isfahan region. On the other hand, out of 100 goat milk samples, 18 (18 %) were positive for B. melitensis, out of which 10 (55.5 %) were from Shahrekord and 8 (44.4 %) from Isfahan.Conclusion: The findings show that B. melitensis is present in a significant proportion of caprine and ovine milk in a section of Iran.Keywords: Brucella melitensis, Milk, Polymerase chain reaction, Sheep, Goa

The effects of essential oils, extracts and powder of Satureja bachtiarica bung on the bacterial growth of Staphylococcus aureus in cream cheese

Background and aims: Staphylococcus aureus is an important contaminant of milk and dairy products. It can cause a wide range of illnesses including, food poisonings and nosocomial infections. The aim of this study was to compare the antimicrobial effects of the essential oil , aqueous extract and powder of the Satureja bachtiarica on staphylococcus aureus. Methods: Satureja bachtiarica was collected from the heights of the province of Chaharmahal va Bakhtiari and its extract and essential oil were collected. The bacteria staphylococcus aureus was obtained from the Iranian Research Organization for Science and Technology. The bacterium was inoculated in equal amounts to specimens of cream cheese; afterward different concentrations of the essential oil , aqueous extract, and herbal powder were produced and inoculated in in equal amounts to the cream cheese specimens; subsequently, the specimens were checked 20, 40 and 60 days after inoculation. In the end, the microbial activity of the essential oil , aqueous extract and herbal powder were reported according to mg/ml. Results: The minimum growth of the bacteria staphylococcus aureus was observed in the 1000 milligram concentrations of essential oils and 125 mg of the aqueous extract and 125 mg of powder of the plant. At all the concentrations tested the pH changes in the fortieth day, and the changes in the rigidity of the cream cheese specimens were significant as well. At some of the concentrations of the aqueous extract and some concentrations of the herbal powder the changes in the texture of the cream cheeses, comparing to the controls, were significant. Conclusion: The essential oil , aqueous extract and powder of the Satureja bachtiarica have a great inhibiting effect on the growth of the bacterium staphylococcus aureus. Thus, it can be used as a natural preservative in foods with high lipid content

Molekularna ispitivanja prevalencije brucella abortus i brucella melitensis u uzorcima krvi i limfnih čvorova žrtvovanih kamila metodom lančane reakcije polimeraze (pcr) u Iranu

Brucellosis is a zoonotic disease which is characterized by reduced fertility and abortion in several species of animals, as well as humans. Camel brucellosis is caused by Brucella abortus and Brucella melitensis. To overcome the limitations posed by other techniques such as culture and serology, a sensitive technique (PCR) was employed for the detection of brucellosis in 123 camels. Findings from this PCR study indicated a total of 11.38% of blood samples as positive for Brucella spp. and 13.01% of the lymph node samples were positive for Brucella spp. In this study, 5 out of 123 (4.065%) and 3 out of 123 (2.439%) camel blood samples were positive for B. abortus and B. melitensis, respectively. Also, 4 out of 123 (3.252%) and 2 out of 123 (1.626%) camel lymph node samples were positive for B. abortus and B. melitensis, respectively. Young camels were the most commonly infected age group, while adult camels were the less often infected age group. Also, higher prevalence of brucellosis was observed in female camels. These results have indicated that PCR is a sensitive technique which could be used as a confirmatory test for the detection of brucellosis in live camels, at the same timeBruceloza je zoonoza koja se karakteriše smanjenom sposobnošću reprodukcije i abortusima kod nekoliko vrsta životinja i ljudi. Brucelozu kod kamila izazivaju Brucella abortus i Brucella melitensis. Standardne dijagnostičke tehnike kao što su izolacija na hranljivim podlogama i serološke reakcije nisu pouzdane i imaju značajna ograničenja. Da bi se to izbeglo, radi dokazivanja bruceloze kod 123 kamile, uptorebljena je osetljiva dijagnostička molekularna metoda: PCR. Rezultati su pokazali da je 11,38% ispitanih uzoraka krvi i 13,01% uzoraka limfnih čvorova bilo pozitivno na Brucella spp. U studiji, od ukupno 123 uzoraka krvi, 5 uzoraka (4,065%) je bilo pozitivno na B. abortus, a 3 (2,439%) na B. melitensis. Od ukupno 123 uzorka krvi, 4 uzorka (2,252%) su bila pozitivna na B. abortus, a 3 (1,626%) na B. melitensis. Najveća prevalencija je bila u grupi mladih životinja, a starije kamile su retko oboljevale. Veća je prevalencija ustanovljena kod ženki. Rezultati ukazuju da je PCR osetljiva metoda koja može da se koristi kao potvrdni test za dokazivanje bruceloze kod živih životinja uz minimalan rizik od infekcije laboratorijskog osoblja koje obavlja dijagnostiku. Dobijeni rezultati ukazuju da postoji neophodnost defi nisanja programa kontrole i iskorenjivanja bruceloze kamila. Istovremeno, rezultati ukazuju na pouzdanost PCR metode u dokazivanju Brucella spp bakterija, u uzorcima krvi i limfnih čvorova, što čini ovaj metod pogodnim za rutinsku dijagnostiku bruceloze

Prevalence, antimicrobial resistance, virulence gene profile and molecular typing of Campylobacter species isolated from poultry meat samples

Abstract Background Campylobacter jejuni and Campylobacter coli are the most significant Campylobacter species responsible for severe gastrointestinal disorders. Raw poultry meat is considered a source of Campylobacter transmission to the human population. Objectives The present study was aimed to assess the prevalence rate, antibiotic resistance properties, virulence characters and molecular typing of C. jejuni and C. coli strains isolated from raw poultry meat samples. Methods Three hundred and eighty raw poultry meat samples were collected and analysed for the presence of Campylobacter spp. using the microbial culture. Species identification was done using the Polymerase Chain Reaction. Disk diffusion was developed to assess the antimicrobial resistance pattern of isolates. The distribution of virulence and antimicrobial resistance genes was determined by PCR. Enterobacterial Repetitive Intergenic Consensus‐PCR was used for molecular typing. Results Campylobacter species were isolated from 6.25% of examined samples. C. jejuni and C. coli contamination rates were found to be 57.44% and 48.14%, respectively. C. jejuni strains harboured the highest resistance rate against serythromycin (42.59%), ampicillin (38.88%), ciprofloxacin (33.33%), chloramphenicol (31.48%) and tetracycline (31.48%). C. coli isolates harboured the highest resistance rate against ampicillin (73.07%), ciprofloxacin (73.07%), erythromycin (65.38%) and chloramphenicol (50%). AadE1 (44.44%), blaOXA‐61 (42.59%) and tet(O) (35.18%) were the most commonly detected resistance genes in C. jejuni and cmeB (34.61%) and blaOXA‐61 (34.61%) were the most commonly detected among C. coli strains. The most frequent virulence factors among the C. jejuni isolates were flaA (100%), ciaB (100%), racR (83.33%), dnaJ (81.48%), cdtB (81.48%), cdtC (79.62%) and cadF (74.07%). The most frequent virulence factors among the C. coli isolates were flaA (100%), ciaB (100%), pldA (65.38%) and cadF (61.53%). Conclusions The majority of C. jejuni and C. coli strains had more than 80% similarities in their ERIC‐PCR pattern, which may show their common source of transmission. The role of goose and quebec meat samples as reservoirs of virulent and antimicrobial resistant Campylobacter spp. was determined

Determination of Aflatoxins in Iranian nuts using HPLC Method

ABSTRACT Aflatoxins, a group of closely related hepatocarcenogenic metabolites produced by certain species of Aspergillus may contaminate plant and plant products. The objective of this study was to detect the level of aflatoxins in Iranian nuts