TiO2 nanoparticles as an effective nanopesticide for cotton leaf worm

The Egyptian cotton leaf worm, Spodoptera littoralis (Boisd.) (Noctuidae: Lepidoptera) is an economically important pest with a wide range of host plants. It attacks certain vegetable and field crops such as cotton, tomatoes, cabbage and squash in Egypt, for causing severe injuries to the plants in all phonological crop stages, In addition to this species has acquired resistance to many insecticides. The overall objective of this investigations was to look for new control strategy through evaluate the effects of application of TiO2 nanoparticles on the survival and biology of this insect. The experiment were carried out under laboratory conditions, the experiment was achieved with two treatments, consisting of TiO2 nanoparticles application, and a negative control (distilled water) against the second and fourth instar larvae of S.littoralis. The LC50 value of the 2nd instar larvae treated with TiO2 nanoparticles found to be 62.5 ppm, with slope 1.58 and LC50 value was 125 ppm with slope 2 for the 4th instar., the treatment was applied at six concentrations, 1000, 500, 250, 125, 62.5 and 31.25ppm.The 2nd and 4th instar larvae were fed for 48h on treated leaves with TiO2 nanoparticles, the mortality was detected after 15 days post application. The following evaluations were performed: a) Mortality %, b) Biological parameters of the insect were studied at the LC50 values. Results of the treatments of TiO2 nanoparticles in larval test indicated higher toxic action at all concentrations used for the 2nd instar parallel with concentrations than the 4th one

Implementation and evaluation of semantic clustering techniques for Fog nodes

Growing at an extremely rapid rate, the Internet of Things (IoT) devices are becoming a crucial part of our everyday lives. They are embedded in almost everything we do on a daily basis. From simple sensors, cell phones, wearable devices to smart city technologies, we are becoming heavily dependent on such devices. At this current state, the Cloud paradigm is being ooded by massive amounts of data continuously. The current amounts of data is minimal compared to the amounts that we are about to witness in the near future, mainly because of the 5G deployment expediting and the increase in network intelligence. This increased data could lead to more network congestion and higher latency, due to the physical distance between the devices and the Cloud data centers. Therefore, a need for a new model is paramount, and will be essential in realizing the Internet of Everything (IoE) and the next stage in the digital evolution. Fog computing is one of the promising paradigms, since it extends the Cloud with intelligent computing units, placed closer to where the data is being generated to o oad the Cloud. This tackles the issues of latency, mobility and network congestion. In this work we present a conceptual Fog computing ecosystem, where we model the Cloud to Fog (C2F) environment. Then we implement two dynamic clustering techniques of Fog nodes to utilize combined resources, using a semantic description of the Fog nodes' resources and properties of the edge devices. Finally, we optimize the assignment of applications over Fog cluster resources, using Linear programming and a First Fit Heuristic Algorithm. We evaluate our implementation by analyzing the di erences between the two clustering techniques. We perform several experiments to evaluate our implementation, and the results prove that the heuristic optimization of task allocation is much faster and more consistent than the Linear programming solver, as expected. Moreover, the results show that clustering Fog nodes is bene cial in o oading the Cloud and reducing response times

Numerical and Experimental Investigation on the Modified of Hot Mix Asphalt Concrete Containing Crumb Rubber and Waste Pet

The main objective of this research is to investigate the rutting of modified mixtures with two additives of crumb rubber and polyethylene terephthalate (PET).Therefore, ITS method, resilient modulus and Dynamic creep were used to investigate asphalt behaviour with these two additives in this article. Modified blends include ten blends that are made by combining crumb rubber and polyethylene terephthalate in various percentages. The modifiers are combined in two percent 10% and 15% with 60/70 penetration bitumen. Finally, with these mentioned tests, the results of the ten modified samples along with the non-modified one were compared. The results showed that the addition of polyethylene terephthalate increased the viscosity and reduced the density; therefore, addition of more polyethylene terephthalate in the modifier reduces the flow number and, on the other hand, addition of 15% modifier containing polyethylene terephthalate resilient module increases the flow number by about 66%. Ultimately, neural network method was used to predict the result of dynamic creep test; indirect tensile strength and the capability of neural network method have been measured to estimate the laboratory result. According to the results, ANFIS can estimate the laboratory data correctly

Analysis of RC Deep Beams Considering the Shear Deformations and Bar-concrete Interaction

In this paper, reinforced concrete (RC) deep beams (DBs) have been analyzed numerically and a new approach is proposed to the nonlinear numerical modeling of such structural members. The effect of shear deformations and the interaction between reinforcing steel bar and concrete are considered in modeling and analysis. In order to consider the effect of shear deformations, the Timoshenko beam theory has been applied to formulate the analysis method. In the modeling, the RC DB is divided into several sub-elements which are composed of concrete and reinforcing steel bars. Individual degrees of freedom have been assigned to each reinforcing steel bar. Thus, each reinforcing steel bar is able to slip relative to its surrounding concrete and the bond effect is simulated by nonlinear springs. To consider the interaction between reinforcing steel bar and concrete, the concrete segment acts as a beam element, and each reinforcing steel bar acts as a truss element. The reliability of this method has been confirmed by comparing the obtained results from the numerical analysis and the results of the experimental pushover test

Mr. Al-Khoei's Efforts in Documenting the Documentation of Hussein Bin Yazid Al-Nawafli is A Model

يهدف هذا البحث إلى استعراض محاولات السيد الخوئي لجملة من الرواة كان قد استظهر وثاقتهم من عبائر بعض المؤلفين المتقدمين من قبيل (علي بن إبراهيم القمي في تفسيره)، و(النجاشي في رجاله)، و(الشيخ الطوسي في كتابه عُدّة الأصول). وأختار البحث دراسة أحد هؤلاء الموثقين إنموذجاً وهو (الحسين بن يزيد الفوفلي)؛ إذ أن السيد الخوئي ذهب إلى توثيق كل مَنْ انطبقت بحقه أحدى عبائر هؤلاء المؤلفين، نظير قولك: (كل مَن دخل داري فهو ثقة). وقد كشفت هذه الدراسة كثيرًا من التأمل في محاولات السيد الخوئي إذ الوثوق بالرواية لا يستلزم الوثاقة بالراوي، وإنّ إبتّناء العلماء المتأخرين على وثاقة الراوي يشوبه كثير من الحدس ولا يعتد به مالم يكن مبنياً على الحس؛ وأنّى لهم به.The aim of this research has proven that Sayed Al-Khoei tried to gather as much information from the previous researchers such as:(Ali bin Ibrahim Al-Qimi (Al-NAgashi) and (sheikh Al-Tousi) into one from of translated scripture inorder to from a clear study that everyone fall under this some sort of uncertainty (who ever enters my house is someone to be trusted) Most researchers have applied this quote on many people however Sayed Al-Khoei has a very valid points on this quote we must understand the difference between meaning of trusted and certified person. It's very hard to understand that this quote can be applied to anyone without complete certain evidence and clarification from others

Mr. Al-Khoei's Efforts in Documenting the Documentation of Hussein Bin Yazid Al-Nawafli is A Model

يهدف هذا البحث إلى استعراض محاولات السيد الخوئي لجملة من الرواة كان قد استظهر وثاقتهم من عبائر بعض المؤلفين المتقدمين من قبيل (علي بن إبراهيم القمي في تفسيره)، و(النجاشي في رجاله)، و(الشيخ الطوسي في كتابه عُدّة الأصول). وأختار البحث دراسة أحد هؤلاء الموثقين إنموذجاً وهو (الحسين بن يزيد الفوفلي)؛ إذ أن السيد الخوئي ذهب إلى توثيق كل مَنْ انطبقت بحقه أحدى عبائر هؤلاء المؤلفين، نظير قولك: (كل مَن دخل داري فهو ثقة). وقد كشفت هذه الدراسة كثيرًا من التأمل في محاولات السيد الخوئي إذ الوثوق بالرواية لا يستلزم الوثاقة بالراوي، وإنّ إبتّناء العلماء المتأخرين على وثاقة الراوي يشوبه كثير من الحدس ولا يعتد به مالم يكن مبنياً على الحس؛ وأنّى لهم به.The aim of this research has proven that Sayed Al-Khoei tried to gather as much information from the previous researchers such as:(Ali bin Ibrahim Al-Qimi (Al-NAgashi) and (sheikh Al-Tousi) into one from of translated scripture inorder to from a clear study that everyone fall under this some sort of uncertainty (who ever enters my house is someone to be trusted) Most researchers have applied this quote on many people however Sayed Al-Khoei has a very valid points on this quote we must understand the difference between meaning of trusted and certified person. It's very hard to understand that this quote can be applied to anyone without complete certain evidence and clarification from others

Calcareous nannofossil bioevents at the Paleocene/Eocene boundary in Kharga Oasis, Western Desert of Egypt

Two upper Palaeocene – lower Eocene stratigraphic sequences at the Kharga Oasis (Umm El Ghanayim and Naqb Assiut sections) were studied biostratigraphically on the basis of their calcareous nannofossil content. The investigated interval includes the upper part of the Tarawan Formation, the Tarawan Chalk, and the Esna formations. A total number of sixty-seven different taxa have been identified. The lowest occurrence (LO) of Discoaster araneus was used to place the base of the NP9b Subzone (base of Eocene) at the Gabal Umm El Ghanayim section. The lowest occurrences (LOs) of Rhomboaster bitrifida, Discoaster araneus and D. anartios are used to define the NP9a/NP9b subzonal boundary at the Gabal Naqb Assiut section. In this section,the P/E boundary is marked by a minor lithologic hiatus as indicated by the absence of the basal part of the Dababiya Member.At the studied two sections, a major turnover in calcareous nannofossil assemblages across the P/E transition was documented. The abundance of warm water Ericsonia subpertusa, Fasculithusspp., Coccolithus eopelagicus, Discoaster spp., Rhomboaster bitrifida and Tribrachiatus bramlettei characterize the Palaeocene-Eocene transition and suggest global warming and the Palaeocene – Eocene Thermal Maximum (PETM).</p

Expression of endocan and vascular endothelial growth factor in recurrent minor aphthous ulcers

Background: Recurrent aphthous ulcers (RAU) are common painful inflammatory lesions of the mucous lining of the mouth. Endocan, previously identified as endothelial cell specific molecule-1, is implicated as a vital player in the regulation of several inflammatory processes. A number of inflammatory cytokines and pro-angiogenic growth factors including VEGF upregulate endothelial cells synthesis and expression of endocan. Material and Methods: Clinical scores of pain and ulcer size as well as level of endocan and VEGF were determined in swaps from aphthous ulcer and contra lateral normal mucosa in 30 patients (nine males and twenty one females) with age ranging from 18 to 45 years and mean age is 31.5 years. Results: In the early days of ulcer development, ulcer showed statistically significantly higher mean endocan (8.2 ±5.3) and VEGF levels (1220.7 ±294.6) than control healthy mucosal site (1.1 ±0.5) and (518.6 ± 61.7) respectively. An increase in endocan is associated with an increase in pain score and vice versa. A statistically significant positive correlation were also found between endocan and VEGF levels. Conclusions: Endocan and VEGF are strongly associated with the destructive phase of minor aphthous ulcers especially Endocan which was positively correlated with pain severit