Contractual justice in Asean: a comparative view of coercion

The European legal system which provided Indonesia, Thailand and partly Philippines with much of their ground rules in contract has witnessed a new and rapidly increasing awareness of the need for justice in contract. Hence, countries sharing the same European legal tradition are well placed to embark on a similar path towards contractual justice. British legal tradition, of which Malaysia is a part, places an undue and unfortunately illusory emphasis on freedom of contract. Free and voluntary consent must be looked at as a mechanism to achieve contractual justice not contractual freedom. An examination of coercion in several ASEAN jurisdictions will reveal the need for this distinction

Study of proximal femoral locking compression plate in extra capsular fracture neck of femur

Background: The hip joint transmits weight several times that of the body weight particularly during running, functioning as both a highly mobile and very stable joint.  In weight bearing the pressure forces are transmitted to the head and neck of the femur at an angle of 1650 to 1700, regardless of the position of pelvis. The planes of force coincide with strongly developed trabeculae. The reacting force normally runs perpendicular to the cartilaginous epiphyseal plate.  The mechanism of bone failure in a structure will fail if it suffers an overload situation. An overload situation will occur if the system is unable to absorb the energy that is applied to it. In the hip joint area this overload situation can occur as a result of number of independent but often interrelated factors. The present work is conducted to study the; profiles of patients with extra capsular fracture neck of femur, efficiency and outcome of fractures treated with Proximal Femoral Locking Compression Plate (PFLCP), intra - operative & post-operative complication following management of extra capsular fracture neck of femur with Proximal Femoral Locking Compression Plate.Methods: This is a prospective study of 21 cases of extra capsular fracture neck of femur admitted to Victoria and Bowring and Lady Curzon Hospitals, Bangalore, treated with PFLCP.Results: In our study of 21 cases, cases 13 cases were intertrochanteric fracture and remaining 8 were subtrochanteric fracture with the mean age was 51.47 years. Minimum age was 19 years and maximum age was 85 years. 14 patients (67%) were males and 7 patients (33%) were females, 13 IX patients (62%) had right-sided fracture and 8 patients (38%) had left-sided fracture. with right side being more common side affected. The average duration of stay in the hospital was 25.31 days. The average follow up was 18 months [11 to 23 months]. Out of 21 patients in our study 16 patients (76%) are able to sit cross-legged and can squat on ground without any problem. The functional results were graded according to Harris Hip Scoring, In our study, 10 patients (48%)had excellent results, 8 patients (38%)had good results, 2 patients (10%)had poor result, and 1 failed case (5%) as she is an elderly female of 85 years with limited activity both preoperatively due to physiological age and general weakness.Conclusions: In conclusion the potentiality of the Proximal Femoral Locking Compression Plate (PF-LCP) in varied indications, shows its versatility. Although not free of complications our study has demonstrated excellent results. The procedure offers, faster mobilization, rapid return to activities of daily living, improves the quality of life and gave a long term solution in patients with extracapsular fracture neck of femur. Larger studies with longer follow up will further validate the procedure.

RELIABILITY IMPROVEMENT METHODOLOGY FOR CONSUMER PRODUCTS - A CASE STUDY

The objective of every industry is to bring world-class quality products to the market in shortest possible time with least expenses. To meet this objective manufacturer’s always remains non compliant with Reliability requirement of the products due to which field failure rate increases and in turn increases the warranty cost. In this work, an attempt has been made to improve the field reliability for consumer product through a proposed step by step Reliability Improvement Methodology. The proposed methodology includes analysis of field failure data, failure analysis for identifying root cause, experimental investigation to confirm root causes, design modification recommendations and improvement validation through accelerated testing. Further, this analysis helps the manufacturers in warranty extension decision making for the existing products and in the improvement of the next generation product’s performance which directly increases the brand image and profits of an organization

Design of Zero Voltage Switching Boost DC-DC Converter Using Bond Graph Model

The research in power supply design is moving towards improving efficiency by reducing losses. Another aspect of research in power converters is its modeling as it involves multiple domains such as electrical, mechanical, magnetic...etc. bond graph modeling is suitable for the multi domain systems. Here, a zero voltage switching boost converter is designed using its bond graph model. The bond graph simulated results which are done in MATLAB/SIMULINK are matched with the experimental results. The efficiency of the ZVS boost converter is calculated and is compared with the efficiency of conventional pulse width modulated (PWM) boost converter

Osteometric study of human femur

Skeleton is playing important role in various like Medicine, Forensic sciences, Anthropology etc. Estimation of sex, age, race, stature by skeleton and the presence of disease is discovered by Krogman and Iscan (1986). Sex is determined after death by skeletal remains of that individual by some forensic anthropologists with the help of pelvis, skull and long bones. The study was undertaken in 50 femurs for measuring epicondylar breadth, Neck shaft angle, transverse and vertical diameter of head. The results were the average meanepicondylar breadth was 75.6 ± 6.06mm, mean right epicondylar breadth was 73.96 ± 4.99mm and left it was 76.35 ± 7.0mm. The average mean neck shaft angle was 125.3 ± 6.50mm, mean right neck shaft angle was 124.44 ± 5.7mm and left it was 126.3 ± 7.33mm. The average mean transverse diameter of head was 37.86 ± 3.06mm, mean right transverse diameter of head was 37.74 ± 3.05mm and left it was 38.00 ± 3.13mm. The average mean vertical diameter of head was 42.24 ± 3.53mm, mean right vertical diameter of head was 41.63 ± 3.09mm and left it was 42.96 ± 3.92mm, Neck shaft angle ranges from a minimum of 106° to maximum 135° with a mean value of 125.3°. The knowledge of osteometric values is helpful to anthropological and forensic practice

Comparative study of hypoglycemic activity of Morus alba with oral glibenclamide in streptozotocin induced diabetic rats

Background: Diabetes is a chronic metabolic disorder that continues to present a major worldwide health problem, characterized by absolute or relative deficiencies in insulin secretion and/or insulin action associated with chronic hyperglycaemia and disturbances of carbohydrate, lipid, and protein metabolism. It is fast growing disease, gains the status of a potential epidemic in India with prevalence of more than 62 million diabetic individuals currently diagnosed with the diabetes.Methods: The study was conducted at Department of Pharmacology, Kurnool Medical College, Kurnool for a period of 1 year from January 2017 to December 2018. Animals used were albino rats, of Wistar strain, weighing between 150-200gm of either sex. The animals were divided into six groups as: control group (I); pathogenic control group (II) injected intravenously (i.v.) with single dose of STZ (60mg/kg); Morus alba stem bark extract (group-III; 200mg/kg), and group-IV (400mg/kg); group-V animals treated with glibenclamide (5mg/kg, p.o.) following STZ treatment; group-VI, animals treated with bark extract per se (400 mg/kg).Results: The results of this study showed a significant decrease blood glucose level, glycosylated heamoglobin level, and reduction in glutathione and insulin level after STZ administration. These parameters were significantly (p<0.05) reversed by extracts dose dependently.Conclusions: Thus, authors conclude that M. alba stem bark extracts produced significant antidiabetic and antioxidant effect which might be due to the presence of bioactive components such as phenolic and flavonoid content in the extract. The study warrants the need for further evaluated in certain other models of diabetes

An Experimental Investigation of Accelerated Carbonation on Properties of Concrete

This study deals with the effect of carbonation on the mechanical properties such as compressive strength, flexural strength and durability like depth of carbonation and volume of permeable voids of the concrete cast using ordinary Portland cement over a time period of up to 120 days. To study the behavior of carbonation front of concrete in presence of varying water content, water binder ratios of 0.35, 0.50 and 0.65 are chosen. It is observed that the volume of permeable voids of concrete has decreased, with an increase in compressive strength, flexural strength and depth of carbonation as the number of days of exposure of concrete specimen to high carbon dioxide increased

A COMBINED APPROACH & SERVICE ORIENTED TECHNOLOGIES THAT ASSISTS SPEED DATA ACCESS OF RESOURCES ON THE NET

Data like a Service (DaaS) develops on service-oriented technologies to allow immediate access to data sources on the internet. Nevertheless, this paradigm boosts several new privacy concerns that traditional privacy models don't handle. Additionally, DaaS composition may reveal privacy-sensitive information. Within this paper, we advise a proper privacy model to be able to extend DaaS descriptions with privacy abilities. The privacy model enables something to define a online privacy policy and some privacy requirements. We propose a privacy-protecting DaaS composition approach permitting to ensure the compatibility between privacy requirements and guidelines in DaaS composition. We advise a settlement mechanism that assists you to dynamically reconcile the privacy abilities of services when incompatibilities arise inside a composition. We validate the usefulness of our proposal via a prototype implementation and some experiments