Interface Automata with Complex Actions

AbstractMany formalisms use interleaving to model concurrency. To describe some system behaviours appropriately, we need to limit interleaving. For example, in component-based systems, we wish to limit interleaving to force the inputs to a method to arrive together in order. We introduce interface automata with complex actions (IACA), which add complex actions to de Alfaro and Henzinger's interface automata (IA). A complex action is a sequence of actions that may not be interleaved with actions from other components. The composition and refinement operations are more involved in IACA compared to IA, and we must sacrifice associativity of composition. However, we argue that the advantages of having complex actions make it a useful formalism

Goal Detection in Soccer Video: Role-Based Events Detection Approach

Soccer video processing and analysis to find critical events such as occurrences of goal event have been one of the important issues and topics of active researches in recent years. In this paper, a new role-based framework is proposed for goal event detection in which the semantic structure of soccer game is used. Usually after a goal scene, the audiences’ and reporters’ sound intensity is increased, ball is sent back to the center and the camera may: zoom on Player, show audiences’ delighting, repeat the goal scene or display a combination of them. Thus, the occurrence of goal event will be detectable by analysis of sequences of above roles. The proposed framework in this paper consists of four main procedures: 1- detection of game’s critical events by using audio channel, 2- detection of shot boundary and shots classification, 3- selection of candidate events according to the type of shot and existence of goalmouth in the shot, 4- detection of restarting the game from the center of the field. A new method for shot classification is also presented in this framework. Finally, by applying the proposed method it was shown that the goal events detection has a good accuracy and the percentage of detection failure is also very low.DOI:http://dx.doi.org/10.11591/ijece.v4i6.637

Salivary levels of IgE and ECP in patients with recurrent aphthous stomatitis

Recurrent aphthous stomatitis is a common oral mucosa disease, with no specific etiology. Atopy has been implicated in the development of this disease. In this study, the salivary levels of immunoglobulin E (IgE) and eosinophil cationic protein (ECP) were measured as allergy-related biomarkers in patients with aphthous stomatitis. In this case-control study, non-stimulated saliva was collected from 85 participants and IgE and ECP were measured. Data were analyzed in SPSS 20 through the Mann-Whitney test, and p<0.05 was considered significant. The salivary levels of IgE and ECP were 1.11±0.65 Iu/ml and 26.93±6.95 ng/ml in the case group and 0.73±0/39 Iu/ml and 21.97±6.72 ng/ml in the control group. There was a significant difference between the two groups in terms of salivary levels of IgE and ECP (p=0.001). The results showed that patients with oral aphthous had higher levels of salivary IgE and ECP than controls. Therefore, measurement of these biomarkers may be useful in the initial evaluation of patients with aphthous stomatitis

Seroprevalence of SARS-CoV-2 antibodies and its risk factors in the north-west of Iran: A population-based cross-sectional study

Background: The aim of this study is to determine the prevalence of SARS-CoV-2 seropositivity and to examine the risk factors for seropositivity among the people of Ardabil, in the northwestern part of Iran. Methods: A community-based survey was carried out involving 1013 participants (690 from urban and 323 from rural areas), who were selected based on the cluster sampling method. Iran’s FDA-approved Pishtaz Teb SARS-CoV-2 ELISA kits were used to assess the presence of SARS-CoV-2-specific immunoglobulin G (IgG) and immunoglobulin M (IgM) antibodies in serum samples. Weighted seroprevalence, the number of infections, infection to case ratio (ICR), and infection fatality ratio (IFR) were estimated after adjusting for survey design and serial test performance. The factors associated with IgG/IgM positive were determined using logistic regression. Results: Between May 20 and June 7, out of 1013 survived people, 123 (12.11%) were IgG positive, 49 (4.8%) were IgM positive and 122 (12.04%) were having both IgG and IgM antibodies. The highest frequency of positive test for IgG and IgM antibodies was found in people with diabetes, followed by people with obesity and heart disease, respectively. Multivariate logistic regression showed old age (2.04, 95% CI: 1.02 to 11.74), male sex (1.52, 95% CI: 1.15 to 2.13), urbanization (1.40, 95% CI: 1.02 to 3.22), higher family number (9.44, 95% CI: 1.69 to 52.13), obesity (2.14, 95% CI: 1.11 to 5.86), NCDs (1.22, 95% CI: 1.01 to 2.16), having symptoms (3.02, 95% CI: 1.64 to 8.61), traveling (2.70, 95% CI: 1.76 to 10.8), history of contact with infected patients (2.38, 95% CI: 1.08 to 7.03), as factors associated with IgG/IgM positive test. Conclusion: Around the mid of May 2020, SARS-CoV-2 seroprevalence was low among Ardabil's adult population. Several factors have been found to be associated with SARS-CoV-2 seroprevalence, which should be considered by policymakers to set policies against the SARS-CoV-2 pandemic

Effect of conjugated linoleic acid, vitamin E and their combination on lipid profiles and blood pressure of Iranian adults with active rheumatoid arthritis

The aim of this study was to assess the impact of conjugated linoleic acids (CLAs), vitamin E, and combination of these nutrients on serum lipid profiles and blood pressure (BP) in patients with active rheumatoid arthritis (RA). In a randomized, double-blind, placebo-controlled trial, 87 patients with active RA were divided into four groups receiving one of the following daily supplements for three months: Group C: CLAs 2.5 g equivalent to 2 g mixture of cis 9-trans 11 and trans 10-cis12 CLAs in a rate of 50/50; Group E: vitamin E: 400 mg; Group CE: CLAs and vitamin E at above doses: Group P: placebo. After supplementation, SBP levels decreased significantly in the group C in comparison with groups E and P and mean arterial pressure reduced significantly in groups C and CE. There weren’t significant differences in the levels of prostaglandin E2 (PGE2), triglycerides, cholesterol, low-density lipoprotein cholesterol (LDL-C), high-density lipoprotein cholesterol (HDL-C), LDL/HDL, cholesterol/HDL, fasting blood sugar, C-reactive protein (CRP), arylestrase activity, platelet count and body mass index between groups. CRP dropped nonsignificantly in groups P, C, E and CE (19%, 24%, 55%, and 39%, respectively). Erythrocytes sedimentation rate levels decreased in groups C, E and CE (P ≤ 0.05, P ≤ 0.05, P ≤ 0.001, respectively). It is concluded that supplementation of CLAs decreased BP and vitamin E decreased CRP. Therefore cosupplementation of CLAs and vitamin E might be profitable for heart disease prevention in RA patients

Fc-Gamma Receptor 3B Copy Number Variation Is Not a Risk Factor for Behçet's Disease

Behçet's disease (BD) is an immune-mediated systemic vasculitis associated with HLAB51. Other gene associations are likely and may provide further insight into the pathogenesis of this disease. Fc-gamma receptors play an important role in regulating immune function. Copy number variation (CNV) of the Fc-gamma receptor 3B (FCGR3B) gene is associated with other inflammatory conditions and may also play a role in BD. The aim of this study was to determine whether CNV of the FCGR3B gene is associated with BD or its clinical features. FCGR3B copy number was determined for 187 Iranian patients and 178 ethnicity-matched controls using quantitative real-time PCR. The genotype frequencies were comparable in both BD patients and controls. The odds ratio for low copy number (<2CN) was 0.6 (P = 0.16) and the odds ratio for high copy number (>2CN) was 0.75 (P = 0.50). There was no association found between high or low CN of the FCGR3B gene and BD or its clinical features in this Iranian population. We are the first to report this finding which, when looked at in the context of other genetic studies, gives us further insight into the complex pathogenesis of BD