Motivational style for the project team

One of the greatest challenges facing projects in the world is the manpower management. In all the projects whether small or large, man is considered one of the important factors in the advancement of the project goal. Making most of them interested in and satisfied with their duties to meet the goals of the project enjoys special importance, since when man is satisfied with his job, he unconsciously performs his duty with greater care and consequently will be happy. In order to achieve more and better efficiency, the motivational factors are identified and then we embark on the enhancement of the efficiency to satisfy these needs. By studying the content theories of motivation and the specifications of the project in this paper, the motivational factors are determined for the project staff. The most important presupposition of the existing motivational theories formed in the bed of organizations and communities, is the presence of a rather stable group like an organization. Therefore, for a project whose most important specification is being temporal, the above-mentioned theories are not applicable and the project fails to have a fixed group of personnel. Therefore, the personnel is not permanently present over the whole period of the project. Therefore, with regard to this fact, the content theories of motivational factors are specially studied for the personnel of a project and at the end, the motivational factors for the personnel of a project are introduced and an appropriate processing theory which is more suitable for the employed managers is presented

Motivational style for the project team

One of the greatest challenges facing projects in the world is the manpower management. In all the projects whether small or large, man is considered one of the important factors in the advancement of the project goal. Making most of them interested in and satisfied with their duties to meet the goals of the project enjoys special importance, since when man is satisfied with his job, he unconsciously performs his duty with greater care and consequently will be happy. In order to achieve more and better efficiency, the motivational factors are identified and then we embark on the enhancement of the efficiency to satisfy these needs. By studying the content theories of motivation and the specifications of the project in this paper, the motivational factors are determined for the project staff. The most important presupposition of the existing motivational theories formed in the bed of organizations and communities, is the presence of a rather stable group like an organization. Therefore, for a project whose most important specification is being temporal, the above-mentioned theories are not applicable and the project fails to have a fixed group of personnel. Therefore, the personnel is not permanently present over the whole period of the project. Therefore, with regard to this fact, the content theories of motivational factors are specially studied for the personnel of a project and at the end, the motivational factors for the personnel of a project are introduced and an appropriate processing theory which is more suitable for the employed managers is presented

Motivational style for the project team

One of the greatest challenges facing projects in the world is the manpower management. In all the projects whether small or large, man is considered one of the important factors in the advancement of the project goal. Making most of them interested in and satisfied with their duties to meet the goals of the project enjoys special importance, since when man is satisfied with his job, he unconsciously performs his duty with greater care and consequently will be happy. In order to achieve more and better efficiency, the motivational factors are identified and then we embark on the enhancement of the efficiency to satisfy these needs. By studying the content theories of motivation and the specifications of the project in this paper, the motivational factors are determined for the project staff. The most important presupposition of the existing motivational theories formed in the bed of organizations and communities, is the presence of a rather stable group like an organization. Therefore, for a project whose most important specification is being temporal, the above-mentioned theories are not applicable and the project fails to have a fixed group of personnel. Therefore, the personnel is not permanently present over the whole period of the project. Therefore, with regard to this fact, the content theories of motivational factors are specially studied for the personnel of a project and at the end, the motivational factors for the personnel of a project are introduced and an appropriate processing theory which is more suitable for the employed managers is presented

Spatial distribution Patterns analysis of vandalism, and explanation its associated factors in Jiroft city

Objective: The phenomenon of vandalism destroys urban equipment, public property and buildings, or citizens and urban landscapes. This research pursues three goals; that include: analysis of the extent and severity of vandalism in the city of Jiroft, analysis of the spatial distribution of vandalism and explanation of factors associated with vandalism. Methods: This is an applied, descriptive-analytical, survey study with a sample size of 383 citizens aged 15 years and older in Jiroft. Which data was collected through two-stage random sampling and a research made questionnaire with 7 Likert options. Also, Kolmogorov-Smirnov, Shapiro-Wilk, Kruskal-Wallis, Chi-square, test, and cross-tabulated analytical models have been used. Results: Based on the non-parametric "test" model, the prevalence and severity of vandalism in Jiroft is moderate. However, the spatial distribution of vandalism in the neighborhoods of Jiroft, based on the results of nonparametric Kruskal-Wallis model, is very heterogeneous and has very significant differences. Meanwhile, the supplementary test "Middle-Kruskal-Wallis test" revealed that the rate and severity of vandalism in the five districts of Jiroft, by the independent variable "social, economic and physical-spatial status" in each of the five areas can be It is prediction and explanation. Conclusion: First, the prevalence of vandalism in Jiroft based on citizens' judgments is moderate (not severe). But the spatial distribution of the phenomenon of vandalism at the five district is significantly different. The results showed; in the five districts of Jiroft, the highest prevalence of vandalism is in the calroud area and then in the Behjerd area. The lowest incidence of vandalism is seen in Beheshti and then Raja'i district, although Golbahar districts was moderate. Subsequent tests showed that the status of social (components of education and health), economic (components of employment and economy) and physical-spatial (components of services and facilities and urban equipment) in each of the five areas of Jiroft, predicting the rate and severity of occurrence Vandalism is in these districts

Using analytical and numerical methods to assess the influence of the structural parameters of fractured-rock on controlling water flow in underground excavations

Water seepage into underground excavations is one of the most important challenges in aboveground and underground civil works. This phenomenon may hinder the excavation rate, and increase the risk of rockfall from wall of the tunnel and subsidence of aboveground buildings. Since most of the underground and aboveground structures are built in rocky formations, the permeability of the fractured rock mass is the main parameter that determines the amount of discharge that occurs through the rock mass. In this regard, the hydraulic conductivity of rock mass has been focused by many researches to evaluate the fluid flow, and has been studied by empirical, analytical and numerical methods. In the present thesis, the amount of flow through the rock mass has been investigated by using analytical and numerical methods (3DEC software), and due to the practicality of the topic, the amount of inflow rate to the tunnel in the present study is more focused. For this purpose, the tunnel inflow rate and its dependence on the geometrical characteristics of the discontinuities have been formulated using analytical and numerical modelling methods. In addition, the effect of the geometry of joint sets and tunnels as well as the groundwater regime on the amount of inflow rate to the tunnel has been investigated using the response surface methodology and numerical simulation method. In order to ensure the representativeness of numerical models for calculation of the inflow rate to the tunnel, same as what is referred in the literature as REV, a new concept, called STL, has been introduced to determine the representative length of the tunnel in terms of geometric characteristics of discontinuities. Apart from the effect of joint set characteristics on the inflow rate to the tunnel, the effect of rock block geometries such as block volume, block surface and volumetric fracture intensity (P32) on the inflow rate to the tunnel has been investigated by numerical and analytical methods. In this regard, new analytical methods have been developed to calculate block surface area, block volume and volumetric fracture intensity. The analytical method for calculating block volume has been developed to modify previously developed analytical models. L'écoulement de l'eau dans les ouvrages souterrains est un défi important des travaux de surface et de sous surface effectués dans le domaine du génie civil. En effet, ces ouvrages peuvent retarder les travaux d'excavations, ainsi qu'augmenter le risque de rupture des parois rocheuses de la structure et créer un affaissement des bâtiments. Étant donné que de nombreuses structures (i.e. souterraines et en surface) sont construites en contact avec les formations rocheuses, la transmissivité du massif rocheux est un paramètre clé pour spécifier le débit généré dans les fractures. Afin d'évaluer correctement la transmissivité, de nombreuses investigations considèrent la conductivité hydraulique du massif rocheux à l'aide de méthodes empiriques, analytiques et numériques. Cette thèse de doctorat propose une étude sur le débit d'un fluide à travers un massif rocheux et est essentiellement basée sur des méthodes analytiques et numériques (i.e. logiciel 3DEC) en fonction de l'applicabilité du sujet. Ici, le débit d'entrée à l'intérieur du tunnel est le paramètre principalement ciblé. Le débit entrant dans le tunnel, ainsi que sa dépendance aux caractéristiques géométriques des discontinuités du massif rocheux ont été formulés en utilisant des méthodes de modélisation analytique et numérique. De plus, l'effet des géométries des ensembles de joints du tunnel et le régime des eaux souterraines du débit entrant dans celui-ci ont été étudiés en utilisant la méthodologie de surface de réponse (RSM) et la méthode de simulation numérique. Afin d'assurer la représentativité des modèles numériques appliqués pour le calcul du débit entrant dans un tunnel et demeurer fidèle à la littérature existante sur le REV, un nouveau concept est proposé afin d'identifier la longueur représentative du tunnel en lien avec les caractéristiques géométriques des discontinuités du massif rocheux: le STL. Outre l'effet des caractéristiques des ensembles de joints sur le débit entrant dans le tunnel, l'impact des géométries des blocs rocheux telles que le volume des blocs, la surface des blocs et l'intensité de la fracture volumétrique (P32) sur le débit entrant ont été étudiés à l'aide de ces méthodes numérique et analytique. Dans le but d'améliorer les modèles analytiques antérieurs, de nouvelles méthodes ont été développées afin de calculer la surface d'un bloc, le volume d'un bloc et l'intensité volumétrique de la fracture

Assessment of Climate Change Impact on Precipitation and Temperature Variation in Watershed of Karoon 3 Dam

This study aimed at investigating climate change impacts on precipitation and temperature variations in the watershed of Karoon 3 Dam using LARS-WG statistical model in the future. For this purpose, the climate data of 10 atmospheric general circulation models (GCM) were used under three distinict emission senarios in the watershed of Karoon 3 Dam. The precipitation and temperature parameters of the study area were simulated for 2011-2099 using the data of 1980 - 2007 in six synoptic stations. First, mean monthly precipitation was calculated using daily data by Inverse Distance Weighted interpolation method. In order to investigate six months’ precipitation variation, the summation of 6, 12, and 24 months’ precipitation were calculated.The model calibration and verification was evaluated using LRAS-WG5 model for the base year (2007-1980) in order to determine the production feasibility and simulation of meteorological data in future periods. Using atmospheric GCM and the IPCC climate change scenarios, the simulation and production of meteorological data was performed for future periods. The monthly precipitation and minimum and maximum temperature difference were analyzed. The research showed thatdifference between monthly maximum and minimum temperature decreases under climate change in spring and summer. Spring precipitations increase while summer and autumn precipitations decrease. The most increase of precipitation takes place in winter and in January. Moreover, the results showed that the frequency of normal and wet years with respect to the long-term average rainfall in the area was more in B1 and A2 emissions scenarios compared with A1B

Borhan: A Novel System for Prioritized Default Logic

Prioritized Default Logic presents an optimal solution for addressing real-world problems characterized by incomplete information and the need to establish preferences among diverse scenarios. Although it has reached great success in the theoretical aspect, its practical implementation has received less attention. In this article, we introduce Borhan, a system designed and created for prioritized default logic reasoning. To create an effective system, we have refined existing default logic definitions, including the extension concept, and introduced novel concepts. In addition to its theoretical merits, Borhan proves its practical utility by efficiently addressing a range of prioritized default logic problems. In addition, one of the advantages of our system is its ability to both store and report the explanation path for any inferred triple, enhancing transparency and interpretability. Borhan is offered as an open-source system, implemented in Python, and even offers a simplified Java version as a plugin for the Protege ontology editor. Borhan thus represents a significant step forward in bridging the gap between the theoretical foundations of default logic and its real-world applications

The crisis of ecological resilience and its consequences on the erosion of place attachment, case study: 15 to 19-year-old people of Zabol city

Zabol is a spatial node of the Sistan area, has been faced with two Phenomena (drought and dust) which greatly reduced life satisfaction and has caused a crisis of ecological resilience. Because the relationship between humans and the environment has been out of balance, tolerance, and adaptation, and the new phenomenon of "erosion of space attachment" has been occurred. This research is applied, descriptive-analytical, survey, with two-stage random sampling. The target population is 15 to19 years old people in Zabol, (432 units); Analysis models include Kolmogorov-Smirnov, Sign test, Kruskal Wallis, Spearman, Cross-tabulation, Cramer's V, Phi, and U Mann-Whitney. Based on 40 years analysis (1966-2005), "maximum average wind speed" with 10.8 knots and the highest frequency of storms with 68% of days with dust above the standard (the year 2010) belongs to Zabol, Therefore, it has increased referrals, hospitalization, and mortality due to respiratory disease. Based on the findings, 64% of young people consider the dust condition of the last 22 years, "bad to terrible". Also, 62% of women and 43% of men consider their comfort and quality of life "bad to terrible". Moreover, 68% of the respondents said that the satisfaction of the family children for living in Zabol is "little to nothing". 44% of respondents have no hope for the future of Helmand River and Hamoon Lake. The significance of these findings was confirmed with an error level of 0.000. The crisis of ecological resilience has led to the "erosion of place attachment" and the negative consequences of socio-psychological damage, Reducing the positive feeling to the place, Reducing the close relationship or investment, reduce the motivation and responsibility to improve the condition of the city, reduce the willingness to participate, monitor and especially reduce the sacrifice for the development of the neighborhood, city, and area

Application of a new approach for modeling the oil field formation damage due to mineral scaling

International audienceMineral scaling has been considered a great concern for developing the oil production from the underground petroleum reservoirs. One of the main causes of this phenomenon is known as the chemical incompatibility of injected brine, frequently sea water, with the reservoir brine leading to the deposition of various supersaturated salts such as calcium carbonate, calcium sulfate and barium sulfate. In present communication, an evolutionary approach namely, Gene Expression Programming (GEP), was employed for rigorous modeling of formation damage by mineral scaling of mixed sulfate salt deposition. At first, a large databank of damaged permeability datapoints as a function of injected volume, injection flowrate, temperature, differential pressure and ionic concentrations of the existing chemical species in the porous media was employed. In this regard, a user-friendly correlation was extended for the first time by the aforementioned technique in the literature. Professional evaluation of the suggested GEP-based model was implemented by different statistical parameters and appealing visualization tools. Having proposed the GEP-based correlation, statistical parameters of the Average Absolute Relative Deviation Percent (AARD%) of 0.640% and determination coefficient (R2) of 0.984 was calculated. Accordingly, it is demonstrated that the proposed model has a superior performance and great potential for efficient prediction of damaged permeability due to the mixed sulfate salt scaling. Moreover, the implemented outlier diagnosis technique verified the validity of the databank used for modeling, as well as the high robustness of the suggested model was confirmed. In conclusion, the developed correlation in this work can be of enormous practical value for skillful engineers and scientists in any academic study and industrial applications dealing with mixed salt deposition

Heritability of physiological traits of barley (Hordeum Vulgare L.) under salinity stress

Background: In this paper, to determine the genetic parameters and heritability of physiological traits related to salinity stress in barley (Hordeum Vulgare L.), a 7×7 half diallel cross was conducted at Islamic Azad University, Ardabil, during 2016-2017.Methods: F1 seeds are used in this experiment. These seeds have been grown under non-stress conditions, 8 and 12 dS/ m salinity stress levels, in a greenhouse alongside the parent plants. After exposure of plants to salinity, Leaf chlorophyll content, Chlorophyll Fluorescence and Stomatal Conductance were measured.Results: Narrow sense heritability of chlorophyll content ranged from 0.29 to 0.40. These values for chlorophyll fluorescence ranged from 0.16 to 0.24 and for stomatal conductance ranged from 0.26 to 0.54. Broad sense heritability was high among the evaluated traits and ranged from 0.70 to 0.87. The degree of average dominance was higher than one in all of traits.Conclusion: This observation indicated some degree of over dominance in control of the traits. Although dominant alleles were not observed in leaf chlorophyll content and chlorophyll fluorescence, yet they were favorable in stomatal conductance.Keywords: Salinity tension; Diallel; Heritability; Physiological traits