4-{[5-(4-Chloro­phen­yl)-1-(4-fluoro­phen­yl)-1H-pyrazol-3-yl]carbon­yl}-N-ethyl­piperazine-1-carboxamide

The asymmetric unit of the title compound, C23H23ClFN5O2, contains two crystallographically independent mol­ecules. In one mol­ecule, the pyrazole ring makes dihedral angles of 43.93 (7) and 35.82 (7)°, respectively, with the fluoro- and chloro-substituted benzene rings, while the corresponding angles in the other mol­ecule are 52.26 (8) and 36.85 (7)°. The piperazine rings adopt chair conformations. In the crystal, adjacent mol­ecules are connected via inter­molecular N—H⋯O, C—H⋯F, C—H⋯N and C—H⋯O hydrogen bonds, forming a two-dimensional network parallel to the bc plane. The crystal structure is further stabilized by a weak π–π inter­action with a centroid–centroid distance of 3.6610 (8) Å and by C—H⋯π inter­actions

Solubility of hydrogen in metals and its effect of pore-formation and embrittlement

The effect of alloying elements on hydrogen solubility were determined by evaluating solubility equations and interaction coefficients. The solubility of dry hydrogen at one atmosphere was investigated in liquid aluminum, Al-Ti, Al-Si, Al-Fe, liquid gold, Au-Cu, and Au-Pd. The design of rapid heating and high pressure casting furnaces used in meta foam experiments is discussed as well as the mechanism of precipitation of pores in melts, and the effect of hydrogen on the shrinkage porosity of Al-Cu and Al-Si alloys. Hydrogen embrittlement in iron base alloys is also examined

4-{2-[5-(4-Chloro­phen­yl)-1-(4-fluoro­phen­yl)-1H-pyrazol-3-yl]thia­zol-4-yl}benzonitrile

The asymmetric unit of the title compound, C25H14ClFN4S, contains two independent mol­ecules (A and B). Each mol­ecule consists of five rings, namely chloro­phenyl, fluoro­phenyl, 1H-pyrazole, thia­zole and benzonitrile. In mol­ecule A, the 1H-pyrazole ring makes dihedral angles of 52.54 (8), 35.96 (8) and 15.43 (8)° with respect to the attached chloro­phenyl, fluoro­phenyl and thia­zole rings. The corresponding values in mol­ecule B are 51.65 (8), 37.26 (8) and 8.32 (8)°. In the crystal, mol­ecules are linked into dimers by C—H⋯N hydrogen bonds, generating R 2 2(10) ring motifs. These dimers are further linked into two-dimensional arrays parallel to the ab plane via inter­molecular weak C—H⋯N and C—H⋯F hydrogen bonds. The crystal structure is further stabilized by weak π-π inter­actions [with centroid–centroid distances of 3.4303 (9) and 3.6826 (9) Å] and weak C—H⋯π inter­actions

4-Methyl-5-phenyl-1H-pyrazol-3-ol

The title compound, C10H10N2O, crystallizes with two independent mol­ecules in the asymmetric unit, having closely comparable geometries. The dihedral angles between the 1H-pyrazole and benzene rings in the two mol­ecules are 39.57 (14) and 41.95 (13)°. The two mol­ecules are each connected to neighbouring mol­ecules by pairs of inter­molecular O—H⋯N hydrogen bonds, forming dimers with R 2 2(8) ring motifs. These dimers are further linked into R 4 4(10) ring motifs by inter­molecular N—H⋯O hydrogen bonds, forming chains along [101]. The crystal structure is further stabilized by a C—H⋯π inter­action

Fractal capacitors

A linear capacitor structure using fractal geometries is described. This capacitor exploits both lateral and vertical electric fields to increase the capacitance per unit area. Compared to standard parallel-plate capacitors, the parasitic bottom-plate capacitance is reduced. Unlike conventional metal-to-metal capacitors, the capacitance density increases with technology scaling. A classic fractal structure is implemented with 0.6-μm metal spacing, and a factor of 2.3 increase in the capacitance per unit area is observed. It is shown that capacitance boost factors in excess of ten may be possible as technology continues to scale. A computer-aided-design tool to automatically generate and analyze custom fractal layouts has been developed

3-(2,5-Dimethyl­furan-3-yl)-1H-pyrazol-5-ol–ethyl 3-(propan-2-yl­idene)carbazate (1/1). Corrigendum

Corrigendum to Acta Cryst. (2010), E66, o3020–o3021

Tamsulosin oral controlled absorption system (OCAS) in the treatment of benign prostatic hypertrophy

The efficacy of tamsulosin at the cost of a relatively benign side effect profile has been attributed to receptor selectivity directed at the α1a and α1d adrenergic receptor subtypes. The oral-controlled absorption system (OCAS®) represents a drug delivery refinement that incorporates a matrix of gel-forming and gel-enhancing agents to promote a constant drug release independent of environmental food or fluid. There are clinical data to support the concept that drug peaks are lessened and that drug release continues throughout the alimentary tract due to the OCAS formulation. Furthermore this equates with less adverse effects on physiologic parameters. To date however improvements in cardiovascular symptoms such as dizziness, headache and syncope have not been demonstrated in healthy men. Ejaculatory dysfunction appears less problematic with the OCAS preparation. Tamsulosin OCAS may be of greatest benefit to men with cardiovascular co-morbidities taking anti-hypertensive medications that might predispose them to symptomatic hypotensive episodes. It will be necessary to evaluate this group of men more closely in further trials to determine what they stand to gain from changing medications, and then relate this to drug costs to draw a final conclusion as to the place of tamsulosin OCAS in contemporary urological practice

An observational study to assess the drug prescription pattern and quality of life of acne vulgaris patients in a tertiary care center in India

Background: The study was conducted to assess the prescription pattern of acne vulgaris patients, and impact of anti-acne treatment on severity of acne and change in quality of life (QoL) in patients.Methods: A prospective observational study was conducted in dermatology OPD of a tertiary care hospital with 160 patients of acne vulgaris. All patients with acne vulgaris >18 years, of either sex were included while those with pre-existing other cutaneous or systemic diseases, pregnant and lactating females and not giving consent were excluded from the study. Prescriptions were analysed and patients were followed-up at 2 and 6 weeks for assessment of change in acne severity and QoL, determined by GAGS score and CADI difference score, respectively.Results: Mean age of patients was 20.7±2.5 years, with males and females constituting 62 (38.8%) and 98 (61.3%) patients, respectively. Acne was mild in 88 (55%), moderate in 51 (31.9%) and severe in 21 (13.1%) patients. A total of 537 drugs were prescribed to all patients, with an average of 3.36 drugs per prescription. Two, 3 and 4 drugs were prescribed in 2.5%, 59.4% and 38.1% patients, respectively. There was significant improvement in the GAGS score (p<0.001) and QoL (CADI score difference) (p<0.001) at 2 and 6 weeks follow-up compared to initial visit.Conclusions:Polypharmacy was a common practice in anti-acne treatment. However, it was associated with improvement in acne severity and QoL.