Importance of parenteral iron sucrose therapy in correction of iron deficiency anemia during pregnancy

Background: Iron deficiency anemia (IDA) is described as decrease in the hemoglobin and/or the amount of red blood cells in the blood due to iron insufficiency in the body. The aim of the study was to measure the efficacy and tolerability of iron sucrose   in iron deficiency anemia in pregnant women.Methods: This was the prospective study of 50 pregnant women with iron deficiency anemia (Hb- 5 g/dl to 8 g/dl) between 20-34 weeks of gestation, who were given intravenous iron sucrose as per their requirements and follow up measurement of Hb was done.Results: Mean rise in Hb was seen by 2.2 g/dl. Minor side effects were seen in 6 out of 50 participants.        Conclusions: Parenteral iron sucrose therapy can be used effectively and safely in pregnant women with iron deficiency anemi

Direct measure of the exciton formation in quantum wells from time resolved interband luminescence

We present the results of a detailed time resolved luminescence study carried out on a very high quality InGaAs quantum well sample where the contributions at the energy of the exciton and at the band edge can be clearly separated. We perform this experiment with a spectral resolution and a sensitivity of the set-up allowing to keep the observation of these two separate contributions over a broad range of times and densities. This allows us to directly evidence the exciton formation time, which depends on the density as expected from theory. We also evidence the dominant contribution of a minority of excitons to the luminescence signal, and the absence of thermodynamical equilibrium at low densities

Genetic Mechanisms Underlying the Pathogenicity of Cold-Stressed Salmonella Enterica Serovar Typhimurium in Cultured Intestinal Epithelial Cells

Salmonella encounters various stresses in the environment and in the host during infection. The effects of cold (5 C, 48 h), peroxide (5 mM H2O2, 5 h) and acid stress (pH 4.0, 90 min) were tested on pathogenicity of Salmonella. Prior exposure of Salmonella to cold stress significantly (P \u3c 0.05) increased adhesion and invasion of cultured intestinal epithelial (Caco-2) cells. This increased Salmonella-host cell association was also correlated with significant induction of several virulence-associated genes, implying an increased potential of cold-stressed Salmonella to cause an infection. In Caco-2 cells infected with cold-stressed Salmonella, genes involved in the electron transfer chain were significantly induced, but no simultaneous significant increase in expression of antioxidant genes that neutralize the effect of superoxide radicals or reactive oxygen species was observed. Increased production of caspase 9 and caspase 3/7 was confirmed during host cell infection with cold-stressed Salmonella. Further, a prophage gene, STM2699, induced in cold-stressed Salmonella and a spectrin gene, SPTAN1, induced in Salmonella-infected intestinal epithelial cells were found to have a significant contribution in increased adhesion and invasion of cold-stressed Salmonella in epithelial cells

Reduction of leukocyte microvascular adherence and preservation of blood-brain barrier function by superoxide-lowering therapies in a piglet model of neonatal asphyxia

Background: Asphyxia is the most common cause of brain damage in newborns. Substantial evidence indicates that leukocyte recruitment in the cerebral vasculature during asphyxia contributes to this damage. We tested the hypothesis that superoxide radical (O2⋅_) promotes an acute post-asphyxial inflammatory response and blood-brain barrier (BBB) breakdown. We investigated the effects of removing O2⋅_ by superoxide dismutase (SOD) or C3, the cell-permeable SOD mimetic, in protecting against asphyxia-related leukocyte recruitment. We also tested the hypothesis that xanthine oxidase activity is one source of this radical.Methods: Anesthetized piglets were tracheostomized, ventilated, and equipped with closed cranial windows for the assessment of post-asphyxial rhodamine 6G-labeled leukocyte-endothelial adherence and microvascular permeability to sodium fluorescein in cortical venules. Asphyxia was induced by discontinuing ventilation. SOD and C3 were administered by cortical superfusion. The xanthine oxidase inhibitor oxypurinol was administered intravenously.Results: Leukocyte-venular adherence significantly increased during the initial 2 h of post-asphyxial reperfusion. BBB permeability was also elevated relative to non-asphyxial controls. Inhibition of O2⋅_ production by oxypurinol, or elimination of O2⋅_ by SOD or C3, significantly reduced rhodamine 6G-labeled leukocyte-endothelial adherence and improved BBB integrity, as measured by sodium fluorescein leak from cerebral microvessels.Conclusion: Using three different strategies to either prevent formation or enhance elimination of O2⋅_ during the post-asphyxial period, we saw both reduced leukocyte adherence and preserved BBB function with treatment. These findings suggest that agents which lower O2⋅_ in brain may be attractive new therapeutic interventions for the protection of the neonatal brain following asphyxia

Multimedia File Signature Analysis for Smartphone Forensics

© 2016 IEEE. With the emergence of smartphones and the widespread use of social media services, distribution of multimedia files over the Internet, and using mobile phones, has increased exponentially over the past few years. A significant number of cybercrimes pertain to illicit possession, modification, and distribution of multimedia files. The use of smartphones for this purpose makes these mobile phones rich sources of evidence. Therefore, it is crucial for forensic examiners to have the capability of recovering, analyzing, and authenticating the source of multimedia contents stored on these devices. This paper focuses on the analysis of multimedia files created on the most popular smartphones in order to ascertain the source and examine whether the files are original or edited through these devices. The popular smartphones brands analyzed in this paper include iPhone 5, iPhone 6, Blackberry Z10, Samsung Galaxy Note 3, Nokia Lumia 930, and Lenovo A536. Experimental results on all these brands are also presented

Epidermal growth factor receptor (ErbB1) expression in prostate cancer progression: Correlation with androgen independence

BACKGROUND The role of the epidermal growth factor receptor (ErbB1) in the progression of prostate cancer is incompletely understood. METHODS Tissue microarrays from hormone-naive and advanced androgen-independent tumors were used to investigate the role of ErbB1 in prostate cancer progression. RESULTS ErbB1 expression in tumor tissues was strongly associated with hormone-refractory status (odds ratio = 6.67, 95% CI = (2.6, 17.4), P  = 0.0001). However, ErbB1 overexpression was not a statistically significant covariate in a multivariate proportional hazards model for biochemical failure of hormone-naÏve prostate cancer. Moreover, ErbB1 overexpression was not associated with tumor differentiation ( P  = 0.44), positive margins ( P  = 0.53), seminal vesicle invasion ( P  = 0.69), extraprostatic extension ( P  = 0.10), or preoperative PSA ( P  = 0.18) in the hormone-naÏve group. CONCLUSIONS These findings are consistent with a model in which ErbB1 expression increases during the development of the androgen-independent state, and suggest that drugs targeted toward ErbB signaling could be of therapeutic relevance in the management of advanced prostatic carcinoma. Prostate 66: 1437–1444, 2006. © 2006 Wiley-Liss, Inc.Peer Reviewedhttp://deepblue.lib.umich.edu/bitstream/2027.42/55786/1/20460_ftp.pd

lntracrystalline Diffusion of Benzene in Silicalite : Effect of Structural Heterogeneity

The sorption kinetics of benzene in silicalite have been measured gravimetrically using large silicalite crystals of sizes 350 µm × 105 µm × 105 µm and 270 µm × 70 µm × 70 µm in the temperature range 283–343 K. Experiments were performed under conditions that ensured isothermal operation with intracrystalline diffusion control. An analytical expression for the Darken\u27s correction factor (δ In P/δ In a) was derived based on the Hill–de-Boer equation and was used to determine the variation of corrected diffusivity with concentration. The transport diffusivity varied significantly with the adsorbed-phase concentration but the corrected diffusivity was found to be essentially independent of the concentration. However, at temperatures below the surface transition temperature, a maximum in corrected diffusivity was observed at an adsorbed-phase concentration of four molecules per unit cell (uc). This maximum is the direct result of the type IV isotherm exhibited by the silicalite–benzene system below the surface transition temperature. It is proposed that the increase in corrected diffusivity at the critical adsorbed-phase concentration of 4 molecules uc–1 arises from reorientation of benzene molecules resulting in a much more efficient packing in the pore channel system

lntracrystalline Diffusion of Benzene in Silicalite : Effect of Structural Heterogeneity

The sorption kinetics of benzene in silicalite have been measured gravimetrically using large silicalite crystals of sizes 350 µm × 105 µm × 105 µm and 270 µm × 70 µm × 70 µm in the temperature range 283–343 K. Experiments were performed under conditions that ensured isothermal operation with intracrystalline diffusion control. An analytical expression for the Darken\u27s correction factor (δ In P/δ In a) was derived based on the Hill–de-Boer equation and was used to determine the variation of corrected diffusivity with concentration. The transport diffusivity varied significantly with the adsorbed-phase concentration but the corrected diffusivity was found to be essentially independent of the concentration. However, at temperatures below the surface transition temperature, a maximum in corrected diffusivity was observed at an adsorbed-phase concentration of four molecules per unit cell (uc). This maximum is the direct result of the type IV isotherm exhibited by the silicalite–benzene system below the surface transition temperature. It is proposed that the increase in corrected diffusivity at the critical adsorbed-phase concentration of 4 molecules uc–1 arises from reorientation of benzene molecules resulting in a much more efficient packing in the pore channel system