Processing of 3-Ketoacyl-CoA Thiolase by the Peroxisomal Protease DEG15

Honors (Bachelor's)BiologyUniversity of Michiganhttp://deepblue.lib.umich.edu/bitstream/2027.42/112138/1/niralis.pd

Telehealth exercise and mindfulness for pain in people with knee osteoarthritis

People with knee Osteoarthritis (OA) often develop negative psychosocial beliefs like pain catastrophizing and fear avoidance that can interfere with engagement in physical activity and adherence to exercise. This can lead to further pain and disability since exercise and physical activity are the first line treatment for knee OA. Therefore, there is a need for interventions that address negative psychosocial beliefs related to exercise and low adherence along with addressing physical impairments of knee OA. This dissertation examined the safety, feasibility, and acceptability of a novel telehealth mindful exercise intervention for people with knee OA. The mindful exercise intervention trains individuals to incorporate concepts of mindfulness into strengthening exercises recommended for knee OA. The intervention was delivered via telehealth to facilitate access. Study 1 used a decentralized randomized controlled trial (RCT) of mindful exercise (n=21) vs. exercise alone (n=19) in people with knee OA. Mindful exercise was safe with 0 adverse events (vs. 4 in exercise group) and lower use of oral analgesics. The design was feasible for recruitment and retention, but adherence was suboptimal (53% in mindful exercise group) and the cohort was not racially diverse. Participants in the mindful exercise group reported larger clinically meaningful improvements in pain intensity, interference, catastrophizing, quality of life, and global assessment of knee OA compared to the exercise group. Study 2 was to qualitatively determine the acceptability of the mindful exercise intervention. Participants in the mindful exercise group of the RCT (n = 13 of 21) participated in individual interviews that were informed by the Theoretical Framework of Acceptability. Participants valued the content (exercise and mindfulness) and format (telehealth, group) of the intervention. Areas for further refinement included exercise selection and equipment, additional support and education on mindfulness, and greater flexibility with timing and nature of intervention sessions. Study 3 investigated the association between telehealth satisfaction and ehealth literacy in both groups. Participants in this cohort had high ehealth literacy (mean = 31.3 on a 8–40 scale) at baseline and high satisfaction with telehealth (mean = 5.6 on a 1–7 scale) at the end of the intervention. There was no association between ehealth literacy and telehealth satisfaction (R2=0.01, p=0.61). In conclusion, telehealth mindful exercise could be a safe and feasible intervention for people with knee OA. However, further refinement to improve adherence and acceptability are needed prior to efficacy studies

A critical appraisal on Parpati Yoga in the context of Rasayogasagara

Parpati Yoga is a unique thin flake like preparation consisting of Parada (mercury), Gandhaka (Sulphur), other metals, minerals and herbal drugs. The therapeutic significance of Parpati Yoga is very high owing to its minimal dose, no unwanted taste and cost effectiveness. The unique preparatory procedures mentioned in Ayurvedic classics for Parpati Yoga is stated as per the indications. Rasayogasagara (19th century) is one of the authoritative books for Parpati yoga.  The present paper aims to compile all the available references of Parpati Yoga and to intricate the composition, different method of preparations, dose, indications and contribution of various texts regarding Parpati Yoga. All the references related to Parpati Yoga cited in Rasayogasagara additionally in other Rasa texts such as Rasa Ratna Samuchchya, Bhaishajya Ratnavali, Siddha Yoga Samgraha and Bharat Bhaishjya Ratnavali were screened by its ingredients, preparatory methods and indications. Maximum number of Parpati Yoga (Total 58) are found in Rasayogasagara and indicated for Grahani and other disorders too. This review makes clear idea about Parpati Yoga with its method of preparations

Histomorphological evaluation of colon lesions

Background: Both macroscopic and microscopic appearance helps in identification of the colon lesion which supports in the treatment of the patient in a better way. The authors were aimed at the prevalence of various colon lesions site wise distribution of various neoplastic and non-neoplastic lesions of the patients and to compare the distribution according to their age, sex and site.Methods: A retrospective study was designed to study of various intestinal biopsies sent for histopathological examination at Department of Pathology, N.H.L. Municipal Medical College and V.S. Hospital, Ahmedabad, from January 2015 to December 2016 for period of 2 years. The study was based on the histomorphological evaluation of colon lesions received during the study period.Results: A male preponderance was seen in the incidence of tumors irrespective of tumor type and site of tumor and M:F ratio was 1.64:1. In the large intestine, adenocarcinomas were the commonest malignant tumor. 46 cases (62.61%) were reported. The highest occurrence of appendicitis is in the 2nd and 3rd decade.Conclusions: The study revealed that various types of lesions in large intestine along with the age group and gender affected more. Male patients were majorly affected. Morphological identification helped to diagnose the type of lesion for early diagnosis. This study focuses the role of histopathological identification in early diagnosis of the disease so that the survival rates in such cases will be increased

Baseline BMI, gender, & age as predictive factors for intragastric balloon weight loss outcomes

Objective: To determine whether obese and morbidly obese patients aged 18-75 with a lower baseline BMI (BMI 30-39.9 kg/m2) who received an intragastric balloon (IGB), have a higher percentage of total body weight loss (%TBWL) and percentage of excess weight loss (%EWL) compared to those with a higher baseline BMI (BMI \u3e 40 kg/m2). Secondary objective was to ascertain whether gender and age are also predictors of weight loss outcomes following an IGB procedure. Design: Systematic literature review Methods: Literature searches of PubMed and SpringerLink were conducted using the search terms: “intragastric balloon, weight loss, and “BMI” and then limited to publications within the years 2010-2020. The following limits were used: study available in the English language, patients 18 years or older, results stratification by BMI, and study designs that were randomized control trials, cohorts, or case controls followed for six months total. Results: Using the keywords mentioned above in PubMed and SpringerLink, three studies met the inclusion and exclusion criteria: a prospective cohort study by Diab et al., a case control study by Lopez-Nava et al., and a prospective cohort study Lecumberri, et al. Conclusion: No significant difference in %TBWL was found in all the studies reviewed. All three studies concluded that gender had little difference in weight loss outcomes, however there was variability in conclusions on age and baseline BMI. Two out of three studies ascertained that younger patients and patients with lower baseline BMI show greater %EWL, concluding that baseline BMI and age can be used as predictors of IGB weight loss outcomes

Socioeconomic factors differentiating maternal and child health-seeking behavior in rural Bangladesh: A cross-sectional analysis

BACKGROUND: There has been an increasing availability and accessibility of modern health services in rural Bangladesh over the past decades. However, previous studies on the socioeconomic differentials in the utilization of these services were based on a limited number of factors, focusing either on preventive or on curative modern health services. These studies failed to collect data from remote rural areas of the different regions to examine the socioeconomic differentials in health-seeking behavior. METHODS: Data from 3,498 randomly selected currently married women from three strata of households within 128 purposively chosen remote villages in three divisions of Bangladesh were collected in 2006. This study used bivariate and multivariate logistic analyses to examine both curative and preventive health-seeking behaviors in seven areas of maternal and child health care: antenatal care, postnatal care, child delivery care, mother's receipt of Vitamin A postpartum, newborn baby care, care during recent child fever/cough episodes, and maternal coverageby tetanus toxoid (TT). RESULTS: A principal finding was that a household's relative poverty status, as reflected by wealth quintiles, was a major determinant in health-seeking behavior. Mothers in the highest wealth quintile were significantly more likely to use modern trained providers for antenatal care, birth attendance, post natal care and child health care than those in the poorest quintile (χ(2), p < 0.01). The differentials were less pronounced for other factors examined, such as education, age, and the relative decision-making power of a woman, in both bivariate and multivariate analyses. CONCLUSION: Within rural areas of Bangladesh, where overall poverty is greater and access to health care more difficult, wealth differentials in utilization remain pronounced. Those programs with high international visibility and dedicated funding (e.g., Immunization and Vitamin A delivery) have higher overall prevalence and a more equitable distribution of beneficiaries than the use of modern trained providers for basic essential health care services. Implications of these findings and recommendations are provided

A sustainable approach for synthesis of zinc oxide nanoparticle by Aloe barbadensis and its application in photocatalytic decolouration of commercial dyes.

Zinc oxide nanoparticles (ZnONPs) biosynthesis is gaining popularity since it is environmentally safe and can withstand a wide range of environmental conditions. The widely known medicinal herb Aloe barbadensis was employed to create ZnONPs in this work. XRD (X-Ray Diffraction), EDAX (Energy dispersive X-ray microanalysis), and TEM (Transmission Electron Microscopy) were also used to characterise the produced ZnONPs. In XRD, the produced ZnONPs revealed crystalline character, with an average size of 30 50 nm. TEM was used to determine spherical morphology. Under ultraviolet irradiation, the photocatalytic decolorization of Sudan IV, Crystal Violet (CV), and Acridine Orange (AO) by biogenic produced ZnONPs was studied. Using all three dyes (10-50 ppm) throughout a 4-hour incubation time, the produced ZnONPs showed 100% photocatalytic decolorization activity&nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp