Aligners vs. Braces: Choosing the Right Treatment

In recent times, there have been notable strides in orthodontic treatments, presenting a multitude of choices for individuals seeking straighter teeth and a more appealing smile. To cater to the increasing demand for aesthetic alternatives to traditional braces, researchers have developed various options. These alternatives encompass ceramic or composite braces, lingual orthodontics, and transparent aligners. Among these alternatives, Invisalign aligners stand out as custom-made, transparent, and thin plastic aligners designed to gradually reposition teeth. This survey aims to evaluate disparities in the quality of life experienced by individuals undergoing treatment with clear aligners versus those receiving conventional orthodontic care

Awareness, Knowledge and Perception Towards Denture Marking in Kheda District

Even though labeled dentures are a relatively new idea and a developing practice in urban areas, few individuals in Kheda's rural areas are aware of them. Thus, the purpose of the study was to evaluate the sample of rural Kheda population's awareness and perception of denture marking

An Efficient Traffic Control System and License Plate Detection Using Image Processing

Automatic license plate recognition is extracted from license plate of the vehicle. It is taken as an image or a continuous image taken in sequence. The extracted information can be with or without a database in many applications like electronic payment systems and freeway and arterial monitoring devices for traffic surveillance. ALPR employs CC camera, advanced camera or black and white, color camera to capture the image. ALPR is fruitful if the captured images are of good quality. ALPR is a real time application that processes the images of license plates in various conditions like dark or bright times in a day. A general technique should be identified to process images in many different countries or states. We should know that the license plate generally consists of various colors, languages, fonts and others have images in the background. Also, these plates are obstructed by mud, light, some accessories especially on a car. Here, we discuss about methods for ALPR. We classify ALPR based on the features they are used in each method and knowing their advantages, disadvantages, recognition accuracy and processing speed. Managing the timing in traffic controlling by calculating the density of an image

FENOFIBRATES FOR SERUM LIPID ABNORMALITIES

Allopathic drugs used as hypolipidemic agents have a number of unwanted effects. Herbal therapy for Hyperlipidemia is getting attention due to their less frequent side effects. In this study we have compared hypolipidemic effects of Fenofibrate 40 mg with Nigella sativa. Seventy-five hyperlipidemic patients from National Hospital Lahore were enrolled for the study. Consent was taken from all enrolled participants and were divided in three equal numbers i.e.; twenty-five in each group. Group 1 was on Nigella sativa, group 2 was on Gemfibrozil and third group was on placebo therapy. They were advised to take drugs for two months. After completion of the study pretreatment and post-treatment values of LDL cholesterol were analyzed statistically. In 25 patients who were on Nigella sativa, their LDL cholesterol decreased from 191.14±3.45 to 159.40±2.98 mg/dl. 31.7 mg/dl LDL reduction was observed when compared with the placebo group. In 25 patients who were on Fenofibrate 40 mg, their LDL cholesterol decreased from 197.77±3.91 mg/dl to 159.62±2.20 mg/dl. LDL reduction in this group was 38.2 mg/dl. These changes are highly significant with p-values of <0.001. We concluded from this study that the hypolipidemic characteristic of Nigella sativa is comparable and therapeutically as effective as traditionally used hypolipidemic medication Fenofibrate

CORPORATE SOCIAL RESPONSIBILITY: A COMPARATIVE STUDY OF CSR PRACTICES IN TOBACCO AND SUGAR MILLS SECTOR INDUSTRIES OF KHYBER PAKHTUNKHWA

Aim of the study was to find out and compare the level of understanding and practices of CSR in the two different sectors of economy in Khyber Pakhtunkhwa. Purpose of the study was to find out and compare the understanding of corporate social responsibility in these two different types of large scale industries of Khyber Pakhtunkhwa. That is, how well the management of the Tobacco sector and Sugar mills industry understands the CSR phenomena and how effective are their CSR practices. The study was restricted to the highest managers by using open and pre-structured questionnaire. The qualitative approach to research was used for the study. The Miles and Huberman (1994) three-stage process approach was used for data analysis. The study concluded that the understanding and the quality of CSR practices were more properly planned, coordinated, integrated and effectively performed in the Tobacco sector as compared to the Sugar Mills sector industries due to more organized and planned CSR efforts in that sector, which resulted in greater efficacy of the CSR efforts performed by the Tobacco Sector for the society.

Comparative Evaluation Of Combination And Conventional Stainless Steel Arch-Wire For En-Mass Space Closure: A Randomized Clinical Study

Aim: To compare and evaluate the rate of space closure by combination stainless steel arch-wire and conventional stainless steel arch-wire for en-mass space closure. Materials and Methods: Random selection of twenty patients with treatment plan of first premolar extractions was done. After alignment and leveling up to 0.019˝ × 0.025˝ NiTi archwire a lateral cephalogram and orthodontic study model had been taken as a part of pre-retraction records. Two groups were formed depending on the type of archwire used for extraction space closure. Patients were randomly and equally divided into the two groups with the use of research randomizer software. Group-A: Control group was given conventional rectangular stainless steel arch wire (0.019˝ × 0.025˝) and Group-B: Experimental group was given combination stainless steel arch wire (0.019˝ × 0.025˝ (Anterior) / 0.019˝ (Posterior). For en-mass retraction force of 200 gm/side was applied with use of NiTi closed coil springs. The springs were engaged from micro implant located between second premolar and first molar to the crimpable hooks positioned distal to the lateral incisor on the archwire. Post-retraction records (lateral cephalogram and study model) were obtained when the remaining extraction space was 0.5 mm. This was done to avoid time delay between the extraction space closure and reporting of the participants.  Results: Proportion of female participant was 80% in conventional arch wire group (Group A) and 70% in combination arch wire group (Group B) .With the help of Bivariate analysis, Chi- square value was observed to be 0.267 found with p value >0.05 which indicated no significant difference in gender distribution between two groups. Independent t- test showed significant reduction in canine distance at pre and post en mass retraction stage with both group. Paired t- test showed rate of retraction with combination arch wire group (0.94 mm/months) (Group B) faster than conventional arch wire group (0.89 mm/months) (Group A). There was no statistical significant difference in the retraction rate between two group. Conclusion: En mass retraction rate was faster with the use of combination arch wire when compared with conventional arch wire. In the combination arch wire group, lingual roll -in of molars was found. However, no statistical significance was found between both the group

A Review of Gridhrasi

At the present era, the human society is leading a mechanical life with sedentary life style, precariously busy schedule, constant work without rest, night shift, alarming anxiety and stress in the work field, drastic changes in the environment etc. All these cause prevalence of Vatavyadhi (disorders due to vata dosha) in this modern era. Among the different Vata vyadhi (disorders due to vata), the most affected one is Gridhrasi (sciatica) which is characterized by low back ache radiating to one or both the lower limbs. In addition to the above mentioned causes, constant work schedule in improper sitting posture, travelling long distances by vehicles, lifting of heavy objects, trauma to low back region are the precipitating factors of Gridhrasi. The causes, signs and symptoms explained by different Acharyas have more relevance to the present situation. The presentation of Gridhrasi varies from person to person due to change in Nidana(causative factors), and Samprapti (pathogenesis). Close observation and thorough knowledge of our classics makes the diagnosis and treatment of Gridhrasi easier. So the present article tries to explain the Lakshana (symptoms) and treatment of Gridhrasi which will ensure a simpler and more effective treatment of the cases.Materials and Methods: Classical Ayurvedic texts, Commentaries, Various Article, Previously conducted research studies thoroughly reviewed and analysed.Conclusion: The detail study about the disease provides insight into hazards of Gridhrasi and provide valuable key for the effective managemen

Contact vitiligo- A chemical induced vitiligo

Contact vitiligo is the loss of skin colour (whitening of skin) due to contact with chemicals. These chemicals destroy the skin pigment cells called as melanocytes. A recent fascinating example of contact vitiligo is occurred in the summer of 2013 in Japan. When the cosmetic company “Kanebo” developed a highly effective skin lighting cream and sold it to thousands of consumers. Unfortunately over 18,000 users developed contact vitiligo after using it, leading to recall the product.  An active ingredient in the product is “Rhododendrol” also a phenol. This type of chemicals appears to be anlog of the amino acid tyrosine that disrupt melanogenesis and result in autoimmunity and melanocytes destruction

Sturge-Weber Syndrome Associated with Bilateral Angle-closure Glaucoma in a Young Adult

Sturge-Weber syndrome (SWS) is a phakomatosis involving the eyelids, conjunctiva, choroid and retina. The mechanism ofglaucoma in SWS involves developmental anomaly of the anterior chamber angle and elevated episcleral venous pressure.Here, we present a case of Roach’s type II SWS with bilateral angle-closure glaucoma (ACG) in a young adult, which to thebest of our knowledge, is the first-of-its-kind report in the literature. Though unusual, ACG may occur in young adults too.However, the underlying causes that make them develop the ACG are poorly understood. We also highlight the importanceof comprehensive clinical examination and appropriate investigations for early detection and proper treatment of such youngpatients with ACG