182 research outputs found
Pengaruh Kinerja Keuangan terhadap Return Saham Perusahaan Asuransi Kerugian yang Terdaftar di Bursa Efek Indonesia (Bei) Periode 2007-2013
Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk menganalisis pengaruh kinerja keuangan terhadap return saham pada Perusahaan asuransi kerugian yang terdaftar di BEI pada tahun 2007-2013. Variabel dalam penelitian ini adalah kinerja keuangan yang diukur melalui Early Warning System dimana setiap variabel independen itu memiliki pengaruh terhadap variabel dependen yaitu return saham. Proksi yang digunakan terhadap variabel adalah Agent's Balance to Surplus Ratio (solvabilitas), Rasio Likuiditas (likuiditas), Rasio Beban Klaim (profitabilitas), Own Retention Ratio (stabilitas premium) serta return saham. Alat analisis dalam penelitian ini adalah autoregressive distributed lag, melalui proses uji normalitas dan uji hipotesis untuk melihat hubungan antara variabel baik secara parsial ataupun simultan. Hasil penelitian ini menyatakan bahwa Agent's Balance to Surplus Ratio, Rasio Likuiditas, Rasio Beban Klaim, dan Own Retention Ratio memiliki pengaruh yang signifikan secara simultan terhadap return saham. Namun secara parsial Agent's Balance to Surplus Ratio, Rasio Likuiditas, Rasio Beban Klaim maupun Own Retention Ratio tidak ada yang berpengaruh terhadap return saham. Kata kunci : Kinerja keuangan, Early Warning System, Return Saham, Asuransi ABSTRACTThe purpose of this research is to analyze the effect of financial performance towards stock return in insurance companies on Bursa Efek Indonesia on 2007-2013. The variable in this research is Early Warning System which each independent variable has an influence on the dependent variable which is stock return. Proxy that used are Agent's Balance to Surplus (Solvability), Liquidity Ratio (liquidity), The Burden Ratio Claim (Profitability), Own Retention Ratio (premium stability), and stock return. The methods of research is using autoregressive distributed lag with normality test and hypothesis test to measure the correlation between independent and dependent on this research. On this research agent's balance to surplus, liquidity ratio, the burden ratio claim and own retention ratio by simultaneously have an effect on the significant to stock price. But partially, whereas no significant effect on are Agent's Balance to Surplus, Liquidity Ratio, Burden Ratio Claim and Own Retention Ratio toward stock price. Keywords : Financial Performance, Early Warning System, Stock Return, Insurance DAFTAR PUSTAKA Agus Purwanto, Erwan dan Dyah Ratih Sulistyastuti. 2008. Metode Penelitian Kunatitatif, Untuk Administrasi Publik, dan Masalah-masalah Sosial. Yoyakarta: Gaya Media. Alghifari. 2000. Analisis Regresi Teori, Kasus dan Solusi. Edisis Kedua. Yogyakarta: BPFE. Ajija, Shochrul R et al. 2011. Cara Cerdas Menguasai Eviews. Jakarta : Salemba Empat. Alruzy, Aditya Ramadhan. 2014. Pengaruh Kinerja Keuangan dan Kebijakan Deviden terhadap Return Saham pada Perusahaan manufaktur tahun 2009-2013. Fakultas Ekonomi dan Ilmu Sosial. Jakarta: Skripsi. Amalia, Khaira. 2010. Analisis Rasio Keuangan Early Warning System terhadap Harga Saham pada Perusahaan Asuransi yang terdaftar di Bursa Efek Indonesia. Universitas Sumatra Utara. Medan: Skripsi. Apsari, Citra. 2012. Analisis Pengaruh Rasio Early warning System dan Risiko Sistematik Terhadap Harga Saham pada Perusahaan Asuransi Kerugian yang Terdaftar di BEI. STIE Perbanas. Surabaya: Skripsi. Arifin, Zainal. 2005. Teori Keuangan dan Pasar Modal. Edisi Pertama. Yogyakarta: Ekonesia. Baridwan, Zaki. 2004. Intermediate Accounting. Yogyakarta: BPFE. Bernstein, L.A dan Wild, J.J. 2001. Financial Statement Analysis. International Edition. McGraw-Hill.inc. Brigham dan Houston. 2006. Dasar-dasar Manajemen Keuangan, diterjemahkan oleh Ali Akbar Yulianto. Jakarta: Salemba Empat. Brigham, Eugene F dan Louis C. Gapenski. 2006. Financial Management – Theory and Practice. The Dydren Press. Detiana, Titania. 2012. Pengaruh Financial Early Warning Signal Terhadap Perubahan Harga Saham Pada Perusahaan Asuransi yang Terdaftar di Bursa Efek Indonesia. Jurnal Bisnis dan Akuntansi Vol.14 Hlm. 239-245. Fahmi, Irham dan Hadi, Yovi. L. 2011. Teori Portofolio dan Analisis Investasi. Edisi Kedua. Bandung: Alfabeta. Fahmi, Irham dan Hadi, Yovi. L. 2009. Teori Portofolio dan Analisis Investasi. Bandung: Alfabeta. Ghozali, Imam. 2005. Aplikasi Analisis Multivariative dengan Program SPSS. Edisi Ketiga. Semarang: Universitas Diponegoro. Greene, Mark R. 2001. Risk and Insurance. 3rd ed. Cincinnati, Ohio, South-Western. Greuning, H. 2005. Standar Pelaporan Keuangan Internasioanal: Pedoman Praktis. Ahli Bahasa oleh Edward Tanujaya. Jakarta: Salemba Empat. Gujarati, Damodar. 2006. Dasar-dasar Ekonometrika. Jakarta: Erlangga. Hapsari, Tania, Desmiyawati dan Yessi Mutia Basri. 2014. Analisis Rasio Keuangan Risk Based Capital dan Early Warning System terhadap Harga Saham. JOM FEKON Vol.1 No. 2. Hanafi, M. 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Jauhari, Budi Rusman dan Wibowo, Basuki. 2004. Analisis Fundamental Terhadap Return Saham pada Periode Bullish dan Bearish Indeks Harga Saham Gabungan. Jurnal Akuntansi dan Keuangan Vol. 9 No. 2 Hal. 17-32 Jogiyanto, Hartono. 2010. Teori Portofolio dan Analisa Investasi. Yogjakarta: BPFE. Kasmir. 2008. Analisis Laporan Keuangan. Jakarta: PT. RajaGrafindo Persada. Kurniawan, Siswandaru. 2007. Analisis Pengaruh Rasio-Rasio Early Warning System dan Tingkat Suku Bunga SBI Terhadap Harga Saham. Universitas Diponegoro. Semarang: Tesis. Kusuma, M. Rizza Perdana. 2013. Analisis Pengaruh Tingkat Profitabilitas, Risiko Underwriting, dan Ukuran Perusahaan Terhadap Tingkat Solvabilitas Perusahaan Asuransi di Indonesia. Universitas Diponergoro. Semarang: Skripsi. Kusumo, RM Gian Ismoyo. 2011. Analisis Pengaruh Rasio Keuangan terhadap Return Saham pada Perusahaan Non Bank LQ 45. Universitas Diponegoro. Semarang: Skripsi. Mariam, Darus Badulzaman. 2010. Kitab Undang-Undang Hukum Dagang. Cetakan IV. Bandung: Citra Umbara. Mehr, Robert I. and Commack, Emmerson. 2000. Principles of Insurance, 8th ed. Homewood, IL: Richard D. Irwin. Meriewaty, Dian dan Stiyani, Yili Astuti. 2005. Analisis Rasio Keuangan terhadap Perubahan Kinerja pada Perusahaan di Industri Food and Beverages yang Terdaftar di BEJ. Simposium Naional Akuntansi VIII. Solo. Morton, G. 2000. Principles of Life and Health Insurance. LOMA. Mulato, Didik. 2014. 20 Best Insurance Companies. Investor. XVI. Mulyono. 2000. Analisis Kegunaan Rasio Keuangan. Yogyakarta: Liberty. Penman, Stephen H. 2010. Financial Statement Analysis and Security Valuation. McGraw-Hill. Pinuji, P.S. 2009. Pengaruh Rasio Keuangan Terhadap Harga Saham pada Perusahaan Manufaktur di BEI periode 2005-2007. Universitas Muhamadiyah Surakarta. Solo: Skripsi. Prastowo, Dwi dan Rifka Julianty. 2005. Analisis Laporan Keuangan. Yogyakarta: AMP YKPN, PSAK No. 28 tentang Asuransi Kerugian. Purwanto, Agus dan Haryanto. 2004. Pengaruh Perkembangan Informasi Rasio Laporan Keuangan terhadap Fluktuasi Harga Saham dan Tingkat Keuntungan Saham. Jurnal Akuntansi & Auditing, Volume 01 / No. 01 / Nopember 2004. Universitas Diponegoro. Redja, Goerge. E. dan McNamara, Michael. 2013. Principle of Risk Management and Insurance. 12th ed. Pearson Education. Rejda, Goerge E. 2011. Social Insurance and Economic Security. 6th ed. Upper Saddle River, NJ: Prentice Hall Republik Indonesia. 1992. Undang-undang No. 2 Tahun 1992 tentang Usaha Perasuransian. Bapepam. Jakarta. Republik Indonesia. 1995. Undang-undang No. 8 Tahun 1995 tentang Pasar Modal. GBHN, No. IV/MPR/1999. Republik Indonesia. 2003. Keputusan Menteri Keuangan No. 424/KMK/06/2003 tentang Kesehatan Perusahaan Asuransi dan Perusahaan Reasuransi. Riyanto, Bambang. 2008. Dasar-dasar Pembelanjaan Perusahaan. Yogyakarta: GPFE. Salustra, Satria. 2000, Pengukuran Kinerja Keuangan Perusahaan Asuransi Kerugian di Indonesia dengan Analisis Rasio Keuangan Early Warning System. Jakarta: Kerjasama Lemabaga Penerbit FE UI dengan PAU FE UI. Samsul, Mohammad. 2006. Pasar Modal dan Manajemen Portofolio. Jakarta: Erlangga. Sari, Nur Fita. 2012. Pengaruh DER, ROE, CR dan TATO terhadap Return Saham. Universitas Diponegoro. Semarang: Skripsi. Sartono, Agus. 2000. Manajemen Keuangan, Teori dan Aplikasi. Edisi Kedua. Yogyakarta: BPFE UGM. Sawir, Agnes. 2005. Analisis Kinerja Keuangan dan Perencanaan Keuangan Perusahaan. Jakarta: PT Gramedia Pustaka. Saworno, Jonathan. 2006. Metode Penelitian Kuantitatif dan Kualitatif. Yogyakarta: Graha Ilmu. Sekaran, Uma. 2003. Reasearch Methods of Business: A Skill-Building Approach. 3rd ed. New York. NY: John Willey and Sons. Stice, Earl K, James D. Stice dan K. Fred Skousen. 2004. Akuntansi Intermmediate. Edisi Lima Belas, Buku 1. Alih Bahasa oleh Salemba Empat. Jakarta: Salemba Empat. Sucipto. 2003. Penilaian Kinerja Keuangan. Fakultas Ekonomi Universitas Sumatera Utara. Medan: Skripsi. Sunardi, Harjono. 2010. Pengaruh Penilian Kinerja dengan ROI dan EVA terhadap Return Saham pada Perusahaan yang Tergabung dalam Indeks LQ 45 di Bursa Efek Indonesia. Jurnal Akuntansi Vol. 2 No.1, Mei 2010, Hlm. 70-92. Susilawati, Yeye dan Turyanto, Tri. 2009. Reaksi Signal Rasio Profitabilitas dan Rasio Solvabilitas terhadap Return Saham Perusahaan. Dinamika Keuangan dan Perbankan Mei 2011 Hal. 17-37 ISSN: 1979-4878 Vol. 3 No.1. Sutrisno. 2007. Manajemen Keuangan. Yogyakarta: Ekonesia. Sutrisno. 2009. Manajemen Keuangan Teori, Konsep dan Aplikasi. Yogyakarta: Ekonesia. Tandelilin, Eduardus. 2001. Analisis Investasi dan Manajemen Portofolio. Edisi Pertama. Yogyakarta: BPFE. Ulupui, I G. K. A. 2005. Analisis Pengaruh Rasio Likuiditas, Leverage, Aktivitas dan Profitbilitas terhadap Return Saham. Universitas Udayana. Usman, Yulianty. 2004. Analisis Pengaruh EVA, MVA, dan Kinerja Keuangan terhadap Return Saham di Bursa Efek Jakarta. Tesis Magister Manajemen Undip. Semarang. Warren, Carl S., James M. Reeve dan Philip E. Fress. 2005. Pengantar Akuntansi. Edisi Dua Puluh Satu, Buku 1. Alih Bahasa oleh Aria Farahmita, Amanugrahani, Taufik Hendrawan, Salemba Empat. Jakarta: Salemba Empat. Weygandt, Kieso dan Kimmel. 2008. Pengantar Akuntansi: Accounting Principle. Edisi Ketujuh. Jakarta Widayanti, Novi Wulandari dan Dianita, Fita. 2012. Pengaruh Rasio Leverage, Profitabilitas, dan Likuiditas terhadap Return Saham Perusahaan Aneka Industri yang terdaftar di BEI Periode 2003-2008. Relasi Jurnal Ekonomi. Widodo, Saniman. 2007. Analisis Pengaruh Rasio Aktivitas, Rasio Profitabilitas dan Rasio Pasar terhadap Return Saham Syariah dalam Kelompok JII Tahun 2003-2005. Tesis. Universitas Diponegoro. Woefel, Charles. 2003. Memantau Kesehatan Perusahaan Melalui Laporan Keuangan. Ahli Bahasa oleh Abdi Tandur. Jakarta. Van Horne, James C. dan John M. Wachowicz. 2005. Fundamental of Financial Management – Prinsip-prinsip Manajemen Keuangan. Ahli Bahasa oleh Dewi Fitriasari dan Deny Amos Kwary. Jakarta: Salemba Empat. Zuraedah, Isnaeni Ken. 2010. Pengaruh Kinerja Keuangan terhadap Nilai Perusahaaan dengan Pengungkapan Corporate Social Responsibility sebagai Variabel Pemoderasi. Univesitas Pembangunan Nasional Veteran
Efektifitas Penerapan Model Pembelajaran Numbered Head Together terhadap Pemahaman Konsep dan Hasil Belajar Siswa pada Mata Pelajaran Ekonomi
: This quantitative research aims to determine: (1) The effectiveness of the learning model of Numbered Head Together towards the understanding of the concept of student learning. (2) The effectiveness of the learning model of Numbered Head Together on student learning outcomes. (3) To know the difference between classroom learning outcomes that are subjected to those without treatment. This research is a quasi experimental. The study design using the one-shot case study. The study population numbered 64 people. The trials include testing instrument validity, reliability, power is different, and the level of difficulty. Test the hypothesis using SPSS 16. Based on the calculation results of hypothesis testing, with test two factors Fhit freedom of 23,195 to 17,667 Fhit learning outcomes and with a significant 0,00 < 0,05 for students \u27understanding of the concept, the interaction model of learning by students\u27 understanding of the concept of Fhit 3,668 significant 0,031 < 0,05 can be concluded H0 and may imply that the use of learning with Number Head Together models can improve the understanding of the concept and student learning outcomes. with an average of learning outcomes for the experimental group control group of 86,25 and 75,15
Genetics Factors in Major Depression Disease
Depressive disorders (DDs) are one of the most widespread forms of psychiatric pathology. According to the World Health Organization, about 350 million people in the world are affected by this condition. Family and twin studies have demonstrated that the contribution of genetic factors to the risk of the onset of DDs is quite large. Various methodological approaches (analysis of candidate genes, genome-wide association analysis, genome-wide sequencing) have been used, and a large number of the associations between genes and different clinical DD variants and DD subphenotypes have been published. However, in most cases, these associations have not been confirmed in replication studies, and only a small number of genes have been proven to be associated with DD development risk. To ascertain the role of genetic factors in DD pathogenesis, further investigations of the relevant conditions are required. Special consideration should be given to the polygenic characteristics noted in whole-genome studies of the heritability of the disorder without a pronounced effect of the major gene. These observations accentuate the relevance of the analysis of gene-interaction roles in DD development and progression. It is important that association studies of the inherited variants of the genome should be supported by analysis of dynamic changes during DD progression. Epigenetic changes that cause modifications of a gene's functional state without changing its coding sequence are of primary interest. However, the opportunities for studying changes in the epigenome, transcriptome, and proteome during DD are limited by the nature of the disease and the need for brain tissue analysis, which is possible only postmortem. Therefore, any association studies between DD pathogenesis and epigenetic factors must be supplemented through the use of different animal models of depression. A threefold approach comprising the combination of gene association studies, assessment of the epigenetic state in DD patients, and analysis of different “omic” changes in animal depression models will make it possible to evaluate the contribution of genetic, epigenetic, and environmental factors to the development of different forms of depression and to help develop ways to decrease the risk of depression and improve the treatment of DD
The recognition and valuation of an asset’s productivity in business accounting and reporting
In this article we have considered the problems of classification and recognition of a specific type of asset, namely cattle embryos, as well as analyzed the characteristic features of this type of asset. We also substantiated its recognition as a biological asset in accordance with IFRS 41 "Agriculture".
The possibility of applying the approach to embryos’ valuation by means on fair value has been proved based on the convergence of selection calculations’ methods and the income discounting method.
The calculations have shown that the evaluation of the embryos depends on conditions and patterns of their usage. The results of the study will allow more reasonably forming professional judgment in the primary recognition of the biological asset and its valuation at the reporting dates in the financial statements.peer-reviewe
Psychological potentials of modern ICT as a tool for ensuring students’ self-fulfillment and personal well-being in university education
The objective of this study was to present psychological possibilities of information-communication technologies that activate the different ways of students’ self-fulfillment in the learning process. The results of students’ interviews about the opportunities and conditions for self-fulfillment in university education are presente
ОЦІНКА ПСИХОСОМАТИЧНОГО СТАНУ В ЖІНОК ІЗ ГІПЕРПЛАСТИЧНИМИ ПРОЦЕСАМИ ЕНДОМЕТРІЯ
The aim of the study – to determine the peculiarities of the personality and temperament of patients with hyperplastic endometrium processes before and after the diagnostic eruption of the walls of the uterine cavity, in order to detect the maladaptive qualities of the individual on the basis of the therapy proposed by us.Materials and Methods. 60 patients with dysfunctional uterine bleeding on the background of hyperplastic processes of endometrium were examined. All patients defined the personality and character of the questionnaire Cloninger "Structure of temperament and character." The experimental group of patients received the therapy we proposed: drugs containing the active substance – phenibut 250 mg 2 times a day.Results and Discussion. Before and after the diagnostic eruption of the walls of the uterine cavity of women who received the therapy we offered easier to cope with the situation that developed in comparison with the group of women who received the usual treatment.Conclusion. The data obtained require compulsory consideration during the development of medical and psychological support in the comprehensive system of rehabilitation of women before and after the diagnostic eruption of the walls of the uterine cavity with the introduction of hyperplastic processes of endometrium.Цель исследования – определение особенностей личности и характера больных с гиперпластическими процессами эндометрия до и после диагностического выскабливания стенок полости матки для выявления дезадаптивных качеств личности на основе предложенной нами терапии.Материалы и методы. Обследовано 60 пациенток с дисфункциональными маточными кровотечениями на фоне гиперпластических процессов эндометрия. У всех пациенток определяли особенности личности и характера по опроснику Клонинджера «Структура темперамента и характера». Опытная группа пациенток получала предложенную нами терапию: препараты, содержащие действующее вещество – фенибут по 250 мг 2 раза в сутки.Результаты исследования и их обсуждение. До и после диагностического выскабливания стенок полости матки женщины, получавшие предложенную нами терапию, легче справляются с сложившейся ситуацией, по сравнению с группой женщин, получавших общепринятое лечение.Вывод. Полученные данные требуют обязательного учета при разработке медико-психологического сопровождения в комплексной системе реабилитации женщин до и после диагностического выскабливания стенок полости матки по поводу гиперпластических процессов эндометрия.Мета дослідження – визначення особливостей особистості і темпераменту хворих із гіперпластичними процесами ендометрія до та після діагностичного вишкрібання стінок порожнини матки для виявлення дезадаптивних якостей особистості на основі запропонованої нами терапії.Матеріали та методи. Обстежено 60 пацієнток із дисфункціональними матковими кровотечами на фоні гіперпластичних процесів ендометрія. У всіх пацієнток визначали особливості особистості і характеру за опитувальником Клонінджера «Структура темпераменту і характеру». Дослідна група пацієнток отримувала запропоновану нами терапію: препарати, що містять діючу речовину – фенібут по 250 мг 2 рази на добу.Результати дослідження та їх обговорення. До і після діагностичного вишкрібання стінок порожнини матки жінки, які отримували запропоновану нами терапію, легше справляються з ситуацією, яка склалася, порівняно з групою жінок, які отримували загальноприйняте лікування.Висновок. Отримані дані вимагають обов’язкового врахування під час розроблення медико-психологічного супроводу в комплексній системі реабілітації жінок до і після діагностичного вишкрібання стінок порожнини матки з приводу гіперпластичних процесів ендометрія
A rare case of acute hematogenic metadiaphyseal osteomyelitis of a newborn
The purpose of the study is to describe a case of metadiaphyseal osteomyelitis in a newborn.Цель исследования – Описание случая метадиафизарного остеомиелита новорожденного
Polymorphisms in DNA repair genes and breast cancer risk in Russian population: a case–control study
© 2014, Springer-Verlag Italia. Genetic variation in DNA repair genes can alter an individual’s capacity to repair damaged DNA and influence the risk of cancer. We tested seven polymorphisms in DNA repair genes XRCC1, ERCC2, XRCC3, XRCC2, EXOI and TP53 for a possible association with breast cancer risk in a sample of 672 case and 672 control Russian women. An association was observed for allele A of the polymorphism XRCC1 (R399Q) rs25487 (co-dominant model AA vs. GG: OR 1.76, P = 0.003; additive model OR 1.28, P = 0.005; dominant model: OR 1.29, P = 0.03; recessive model OR 1.63, P = 0.008). Allele T of the polymorphism ERCC2 (D312N) rs1799793 was also associated with breast cancer risk (co-dominant model TT vs. CC: OR 1.43, P = 0.04; additive model OR 1.21, P = 0.02; dominant model: OR 1.30, P = 0.02), but the association became insignificant after applying Bonferroni correction. No association with breast cancer was found for the remaining SNPs. In summary, our study provides evidence that polymorphisms in DNA repair genes may play a role in susceptibility to breast cancer in the population of ethnical Russians
TERT polymorphisms rs2853669 and rs7726159 influence on prostate cancer risk in Russian population
© 2014, International Society of Oncology and BioMarkers (ISOBM). Telomere length and telomerase activity have been hypothesized to play a role in cancer development. The aim of our study was to investigate the association of allelic variants of three functional polymorphisms rs2853669, rs2736100, and rs7726159 in the telomerase reverse transcriptase (TERT) gene with the risk of the breast cancer and prostate cancer in Russian population. Six hundred sixty women with breast cancer, 372 men with prostate cancer, and corresponding control groups of 523 women and 363 men were included in the present case–control study. We observed an association of allele rs2853669 C with increased risk of prostate cancer (co-dominant model TC vs. TT OR = 1.65, P = 0.002; additive model OR = 1.42, P = 0.005; dominant model: OR = 1.64, P = 0.001) and allele rs7726159 A with reduced risk of this malignancy (сo-dominant model: AA vs. CC OR = 0.42, P = 0.002; additive model: OR = 0.69, P = 0.002; dominant model: OR = 0.67, P = 0.01; recessive model: OR = 0.48, P = 0.005). None of the studied polymorphisms showed an association with the risk of breast cancer. Our results provide evidence that the TERT gene variability modulate prostate cancer predisposition in ethnical Russians
ОСОБЛИВОСТІ НЕОНАТАЛЬНОЇ АДАПТАЦІЇ ДІТЕЙ З ЗАТРИМКОЮ ВНУТРІШНЬОУТРОБНОГО РОСТУ НА ФОНІ ФЕТОПЛАЦЕНТАРНОЇ НЕДОСТАТНОСТІ У ВАГІТНИХ, ЗАЙНЯТИХ В ХІМІЧНОМУ ВИРОБНИЦТВІ
В результаті проведеного клініко-статистичного аналізу перебігу раннього неонатального періоду 77 новонароджених з затримкою розвитку плода асиметричної форми (основна група) і 30 - без цього ускладнення (контрольна група) встановлено, що висока частота асфіксій на фоні незрілості зумовила високу частоту дизадаптаційних синдромів у дітей основної групи, найбільш частими з яких були гіпоксично-ішемічні порушення ЦНС, порушення терморегуляції, жовтяниця та гастроінтестинальні реакції. Виявлення порушень загортальної системи крові та обміну глюкози безумовно відіграють негативну роль у становленні адаптації цих дітей
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