Path Relinking in Pareto Multi-objective Genetic Algorithms

Path relinking algorithms have proved their efficiency in single objective optimization. Here we propose to adapt this concept to Pareto optimization. We combine this original approach to a genetic algorithm. By applying this hybrid approach to a bi-objective permutation flow-shop problem, we show the interest of this approach. In this paper, we present first an Adaptive Genetic Algorithm dedicated to obtain a first well diversified approximation of the Pareto set. Then, we present an original hybridization with Path Relinking algorithm, in order to intensify the search between solutions obtained by the first approach. Results obtained are promising and show that cooperation between these optimization methods could be efficient for Pareto optimization

Using in Vitro live-cell imaging to explore chemotherapeutics delivered by lipid-based nanoparticles

Conventional imaging techniques can provide detailed information about cellular processes. However, this information is based on static images in an otherwise dynamic system, and successive phases are easily overlooked or misinterpreted. Live-cell imaging and time-lapse microscopy, in which living cells can be followed for hours or even days in a more or less continuous fashion, are therefore very informative. The protocol described here allows for the investigation of the fate of chemotherapeutic nanoparticles after the delivery of doxorubicin (dox) in living cells. Dox is an intercalating agent that must be released from its nanocarrier to become biologically active. In spite of its clinical registration for more than two decades, its uptake, breakdown, and drug release are still not fully understood. This article explores the hypothesis that lipid-based nanoparticles are taken up by the tumor cells and are slowly degraded. Released dox is then translocated to the nucleus. To prevent fixation artifacts, live-cell imaging and time-lapse microscopy, described in this experimental procedure, can be applied

Abnormalization of Tumor Vessels to Improve the Efficacy of Chemotherapy

Achieving an adequate drug concentration at the tumor site is a major challenge in systemic therapy. Besides massive dilution in the blood and uptake by other organs, the pathophysiology of the tumor hampers drug uptake. Vasoactive compounds, like tumor necrosis factor-alpha (TNF) or Cilengitide manipulates the tumor-associated vasculature improving the permeability of these vessels. In this process, we have called tumor vessel abnormalization, the co-administered chemotherapeutic drug, melphalan or liposomal doxorubicin (Doxil), can traverse more easily from the blood circulation into the surrounding tumor tissue. This increased intratumoral drug accumulation ultimately results in an improved tumor response

The ethics of data privacy

Philosoph