Comparison the concepts of sense of place and attachment to place in architectural studies

Today, concepts such as place attachment, sense of place, meaning of place, place identity, and ... has devoted many studies In literature of architecture and urban design particularly in the field of environmental psychology. It is obvious that in all these concepts, various aspects of interaction between human and place and the impact that places have on people has been presented. This paper defines the concepts of sense of place and place attachment and explains the factors that affect them. Sense of place is a comprehensive concept which in it men feels places, percept them and attached meaning to them. Understanding the fundamental aspects of sense of place, can be effective in assess the level of public attachment to places and tendency of people to places. Place attachment refer to emotional and functional bonds between place and people which Interpreted in different scale from a district to a country in Environmental psychology. In this regard different studies point to varied of spatial and human factors. Review the literature, this paper achieves a comprehensive definition of these concepts and then it try to compare them to find their relationship. What will come eventually is that place attachment is one of the sense of place subsets. Thus in encounter of people and place if assume people sense of place a general feeling to that place, place attachment is a positive emotion which people have about the place

Designing Alternative Housing in an Old Context: Zargandeparsh, Tehran

Today, poor performance in old residential contexts in terms of memorable visual elements reduce the residents’ sense of belonging. The study used a combination of qualitative and quantitative research methods. To meet the needs of residents, a questionnaire was distributed among twenty-five experts. Data analysis was performed using fuzzy logic to calculate the weight of each criterion of hierarchical fuzzy (FAHP). According to the findings, the largest weight belonged to social interaction (0.288), physical (0.205) and dependence (0.179). The results showed that social interaction is imperative in increasing the residents’ sense of attachment.© 2016. The Authors. Published for AMER ABRA by e-International Publishing House, Ltd., UK. Peer–review under responsibility of AMER (Association of Malaysian Environment-Behaviour Researchers), ABRA (Association of Behavioural Researchers on Asians) and cE-Bs (Centre for Environment-Behaviour Studies, Faculty of Architecture, Planning & Surveying, Universiti Teknologi MARA, Malaysia.Keywords: Housing; old texture; place; sense of attachment

The Qualitative Interrelation between Open Spaces and Living Standards in a Residential Complex

From the early 50s onwards the major Iranian cities were subject to a massive immigration. The immediate solution to this crisis was residential complex in the less populated areas. After few decades of accommodating a large number of new citizens in these residential complexes, while having a limited open space, created physical, functional, semantic, environmental, and social problems. Today, the new challenge that confronted the designers and architectures of this field is therefore how to improve the quality of both open spaces and the living condition of the inhabitances and at the same time being able to compete in the housing market with budgetary restrictions on their expenditures.© 2016. The Authors. Published for AMER ABRA by e-International Publishing House, Ltd., UK. Peer–review under responsibility of AMER (Association of Malaysian Environment-Behaviour Researchers), ABRA (Association of Behavioural Researchers on Asians) and cE-Bs (Centre for Environment-Behaviour Studies, Faculty of Architecture, Planning & Surveying, Universiti Teknologi MARA, Malaysia.Keywords: Residential complex open space; open space factors; FAN

Analyzing Effective Variables to Explain the Ratio Preferences among Autistic and Non-Autistic Children

Purpose: Despite the prevalent use of the golden ratio in the environment design for autistic users, there is no experimental research that explains their desired space ratio. This study aims to find the desired ratio in the learning environment, like an occupational therapy room for autistic users, while considering effective variables on their choices. Methodology: Based on McAllister's (2012) study, a scale model inspired by a dollhouse has been chosen to work and play with autistic children directly and find their desired space ratio. Meanwhile, the furniture configuration and the access type in the environment could also define the ratio for interviewees. Accordingly, the scale model was designed with six different scale rooms containing three ratios and two spatial access types represented by the furniture arrangement. 50 autistic children of different ages, genders, and disorders in the moderate and medium spectrum have been randomly sampled. Then, they were asked to choose their desired ratio by playing with the scale model and putting the doll in their preferred room. This study also included 50 non-autistic children as a control group with different genders and defined ages. Result: After interviewing both groups, the chi-square test with Cramer's V calculation analyzed the result to find the statistically significant correlation between control variables, among which two independent variables had a statistically significant correlation with the chosen ratio for all the interviewees. First, being autistic significantly impacted their desired ratio choice as autistic children went for a ratio of 2:5, and no autistic ones had a high tendency toward the golden ratio (1:1.6). The chi-square test also showed that the access type in the scale model was the effective variable for both groups when choosing their desired ratio. Conclusion: The access type of the room with its furniture configuration impacted how users perceived the room's ratio, as well as being autistic or non-autistic users

Classifying Façade Colors in Residential Buildings Based on Color-Emotional Scales

The lack of facade color control programs in urban planning policies in Iran and the choice of facade color based on the designer’s taste make it necessary to design façade colors based on scientific principles and users’ evaluations. In color studies, emotional scales have been used to describe color. Due to the relative nature of emotional terms and the lack of consensus on definitions of these scales under the influence of contextual factors and individual characteristics of users, there is a need to redefine these scales in the context of Iran.This study aims to identify and determine the scales and components to classify the color combination of the façade. For this purpose, a combination of qualitative and quantitative methods was used. Twenty experts in the field of design and color participated in the Delphi survey, and the data were analyzed using the Q method. The finding presented three bipolar scales: temperature, harmony, and weight, to classify the facade color combination. In the next step, through semi-structured interviews with five architects and urban planners, components were determined to describe these three scales. Then, the authors of the study prepared a questionnaire to confirm the components completed by 20 former experts. Components affecting three scales and selected photos of each scale were extracted by analyzing data using the Q method in two steps. The quantitative values were collected through the color strip and HSL system codes of the final photos based on the percentage of color area in the façade, the number of hues, and their temperature, lightness, and saturation. Based on the results, the façade color combinations can be classified into eight treatments: cool-harmonious-light, cool-harmonious-heavy, cool-contrasting-light, cool-contrasting-heavy, warm-harmonious-light, warm-harmonious-heavy, warm-contrasting-light, and warm-contrasting-heavy, each of which can be defined using quantitative values

Husbands' Perception of Environmental Characteristics During Participation in Physiologic Delivery

Objective: Nowadays, the presence of husbands during the childbirth process is regarded as an important factor that can contribute to lower rate of the C-section, better success of physiologic delivery and higher satisfaction in childbirth experience. Considering the special sociocultural characteristics of the Iranian society, this method requires accurate assessment to be practical and effective. The aim of this research was finding out how husbands perceive the environmental and physical characteristics of delivery spaces via studying these physical characteristics, exploring them through husbands’ perception and finally discovering the mechanism behind formation of this perception. Materials and methods: First, the conceptual model of the study was developed after a review of the physiologic childbirth literature. Then, a research questionnaire was designed and distributed among 120 husbands who recently had the experience of accompanying their wives during physiologic childbirth. Results: The results showed that light, color and temperature play a significant role in husbands’ perception of delivery spaces under the special psychological conditions and stress that they experience during the childbirth. Designer should pay due attention to these three factors when designing the structure of childbirth spaces. Conclusion: Promoting the environmental quality of the physiologic delivery room based on husband's perception can help mothers and medical staff better manage childbirth pain which is an integral part of natural childbirths

The Qualitative Interrelation between Open Spaces and Living Standards in a Residential Complex

From the early 50s onwards the major Iranian cities were subject to a massive immigration. The immediate solution to this crisis was residential complex in the less populated areas. After few decades of accommodating a large number of new citizens in these residential complexes, while having a limited open space, created physical, functional, semantic, environmental, and social problems. Today, the new challenge that confronted the designers and architectures of this field is therefore how to improve the quality of both open spaces and the living condition of the inhabitances and at the same time being able to compete in the housing market with budgetary restrictions on their expenditures

Supplemental Material - Recognition and prioritization of flexible design strategies in student dormitories during respiratory disease outbreaks

Supplemental Material for Recognition and prioritization of flexible design strategies in student dormitories during respiratory disease outbreaks by Bahar Boroushaki, Neda Sadat Sahragard Monfared, and Seyed-Abbas Yazdanfar in Indoor and Built Environment</p