58 research outputs found
The need for cost-effective choices to treat patients with bipolar 1 disorders including asenapine
Brief evidence-based interventions for universal child health services: a restricted evidence assessment of the literature
Background
Universal child health services (UCHS) provide an important pragmatic platform for the delivery of universal and targeted interventions to support families and optimize child health outcomes. We aimed to identify brief, evidence-based interventions for common health and developmental problems that could be potentially implemented in UCHS.
Methods
A restricted evidence assessment (REA) of electronic databases and grey literature was undertaken covering January 2006 to August 2019. Studies were eligible if (i) outcomes related to one or more of four areas: child social and emotional wellbeing (SEWB), infant sleep, home learning environment or parent mental health, (ii) a comparison group was used, (iii) universal or targeted intervention were delivered in non-tertiary settings, (iv) interventions did not last more than 4 sessions, and (v) children were aged between 2 weeks postpartum and 5 years at baseline.
Results
Seventeen studies met the eligibility criteria. Of these, three interventions could possibly be implemented at scale within UCHS platforms: (1) a universal child behavioural intervention which did not affect its primary outcome of infant sleep but improved parental mental health, (2) a universal screening programme which improved maternal mental health, and (3) a targeted child behavioural intervention which improved parent-reported infant sleep problems and parental mental health. Key lessons learnt include: (1) Interventions should impart the maximal amount of information within an initial session with future sessions reinforcing key messages, (2) Interventions should see the family as a holistic unit by considering the needs of parents with an emphasis on identification, triage and referral, and (3) Brief interventions may be more acceptable for stigmatized topics, but still entail considerable barriers that deter the most vulnerable.
Conclusions
Delivery and evaluation of brief evidence-based interventions from a UCHS could lead to improved maternal and child health outcomes through a more responsive and equitable service. We recommend three interventions that meet our criteria of “best bet” interventions
Rapid analgesia for prehospital hip disruption (RAPID): protocol for feasibility study of randomised controlled trial
In-Vitro Adhesion and Invasion Properties of Salmonella Typhimurium Competing with Bacteriophage in Epithelial Cells and Chicken Macrophages
Recovery of Salmonella Gallinarum in the Organs of Experimentally-Inoculated Japanese Quails (Coturnix coturnix)
Developing a core outcome set for future infertility research: an international consensus development study
Study Question
Can a core outcome set to standardize outcome selection, collection, and reporting across future infertility research be developed?
Summary Answer
A minimum data set, known as a core outcome set, has been developed for randomized controlled trials (RCT) and systematic reviews evaluating potential treatments for infertility.
What is Known Already
Complex issues, including a failure to consider the perspectives of people with fertility problems when selecting outcomes, variations in outcome definitions, and the selective reporting of outcomes on the basis of statistical analysis, make the results of infertility research difficult to interpret.
Study Design, Size, Duration
A three-round Delphi survey (372 participants from 41 countries) and consensus development workshop (30 participants from 27 countries).
Participants/Materials, Setting, Methods
Healthcare professionals, researchers, and people with fertility problems were brought together in an open and transparent process using formal consensus science methods.
Main Results and the Role of Chance
The core outcome set consists of: viable intrauterine pregnancy confirmed by ultrasound (accounting for singleton, twin, and higher multiple pregnancy); pregnancy loss (accounting for ectopic pregnancy, miscarriage, stillbirth, and termination of pregnancy); live birth; gestational age at delivery; birthweight; neonatal mortality; and major congenital anomaly. Time to pregnancy leading to live birth should be reported when applicable.
Limitations, Reasons for Caution
We used consensus development methods which have inherent limitations, including the representativeness of the participant sample, Delphi survey attrition, and an arbitrary consensus threshold.
Wider Implications of the Findings
Embedding the core outcome set within RCTs and systematic reviews should ensure the comprehensive selection, collection, and reporting of core outcomes. Research funding bodies, the Standard Protocol Items: Recommendations for Interventional Trials (SPIRIT) statement, and over 80 specialty journals, including the Cochrane Gynaecology and Fertility Group, Ferility and Sterility, and Human Reproduction, have committed to implementing this core outcome set
Developing a core outcome set for future infertility research: an international consensus development study
STUDY QUESTION
Can a core outcome set to standardize outcome selection, collection and reporting across future infertility research be developed?
SUMMARY ANSWER
A minimum data set, known as a core outcome set, has been developed for randomized controlled trials (RCTs) and systematic reviews evaluating potential treatments for infertility.
WHAT IS KNOWN ALREADY
Complex issues, including a failure to consider the perspectives of people with fertility problems when selecting outcomes, variations in outcome definitions and the selective reporting of outcomes on the basis of statistical analysis, make the results of infertility research difficult to interpret.
STUDY DESIGN, SIZE, DURATION
A three-round Delphi survey (372 participants from 41 countries) and consensus development workshop (30 participants from 27 countries).
PARTICIPANTS/MATERIALS, SETTING, METHODS
Healthcare professionals, researchers and people with fertility problems were brought together in an open and transparent process using formal consensus science methods.
MAIN RESULTS AND THE ROLE OF CHANCE
The core outcome set consists of: viable intrauterine pregnancy confirmed by ultrasound (accounting for singleton, twin and higher multiple pregnancy); pregnancy loss (accounting for ectopic pregnancy, miscarriage, stillbirth and termination of pregnancy); live birth; gestational age at delivery; birthweight; neonatal mortality; and major congenital anomaly. Time to pregnancy leading to live birth should be reported when applicable.
LIMITATIONS, REASONS FOR CAUTION
We used consensus development methods which have inherent limitations, including the representativeness of the participant sample, Delphi survey attrition and an arbitrary consensus threshold.
WIDER IMPLICATIONS OF THE FINDINGS
Embedding the core outcome set within RCTs and systematic reviews should ensure the comprehensive selection, collection and reporting of core outcomes. Research funding bodies, the Standard Protocol Items: Recommendations for Interventional Trials (SPIRIT) statement, and over 80 specialty journals, including the Cochrane Gynaecology and Fertility Group, Fertility and Sterility and Human Reproduction, have committed to implementing this core outcome set.
STUDY FUNDING/COMPETING INTEREST(S)
This research was funded by the Catalyst Fund, Royal Society of New Zealand, Auckland Medical Research Fund and Maurice and Phyllis Paykel Trust. The funder had no role in the design and conduct of the study, the collection, management, analysis or interpretation of data, or manuscript preparation. B.W.J.M. is supported by a National Health and Medical Research Council Practitioner Fellowship (GNT1082548). S.B. was supported by University of Auckland Foundation Seelye Travelling Fellowship. S.B. reports being the Editor-in-Chief of Human Reproduction Open and an editor of the Cochrane Gynaecology and Fertility group. J.L.H.E. reports being the Editor Emeritus of Human Reproduction. J.M.L.K. reports research sponsorship from Ferring and Theramex. R.S.L. reports consultancy fees from Abbvie, Bayer, Ferring, Fractyl, Insud Pharma and Kindex and research sponsorship from Guerbet and Hass Avocado Board. B.W.J.M. reports consultancy fees from Guerbet, iGenomix, Merck, Merck KGaA and ObsEva. C.N. reports being the Co Editor-in-Chief of Fertility and Sterility and Section Editor of the Journal of Urology, research sponsorship from Ferring, and retains a financial interest in NexHand. A.S. reports consultancy fees from Guerbet. E.H.Y.N. reports research sponsorship from Merck. N.L.V. reports consultancy and conference fees from Ferring, Merck and Merck Sharp and Dohme. The remaining authors declare no competing interests in relation to the work presented. All authors have completed the disclosure form
Standardizing definitions and reporting guidelines for the infertility core outcome set: an international consensus development study
Study Question
Can consensus definitions for the core outcome set for infertility be identified in order to recommend a standardized approach to reporting?
Summary Answer
Consensus definitions for individual core outcomes, contextual statements, and a standardized reporting table have been developed.
What is Known Already
Different definitions exist for individual core outcomes for infertility. This variation increases the opportunities for researchers to engage with selective outcome reporting, which undermines secondary research and compromises clinical practice guideline development.
Study Design, Size, Duration
Potential definitions were identified by a systematic review of definition development initiatives and clinical practice guidelines and by reviewing Cochrane Gynaecology and Fertility Group guidelines. These definitions were discussed in a face-to-face consensus development meeting, which agreed consensus definitions. A standardized approach to reporting was also developed as part of the process.
Participants/Materials, Setting, Methods
Healthcare professionals, researchers, and people with fertility problems were brought together in an open and transparent process using formal consensus development methods.
Main Results and the Role of Chance
Forty-four potential definitions were inventoried across four definition development initiatives, including the Harbin Consensus Conference Workshop Group and International Committee for Monitoring Assisted Reproductive Technologies, 12 clinical practice guidelines, and Cochrane Gynaecology and Fertility Group guidelines. Twenty-seven participants, from 11 countries, contributed to the consensus development meeting. Consensus definitions were successfully developed for all core outcomes. Specific recommendations were made to improve reporting.
Limitations, Reasons for Caution
We used consensus development methods, which have inherent limitations. There was limited representation from low- and middle-income countries.
Wider Implications of the Findings
A minimum data set should assist researchers in populating protocols, case report forms, and other data collection tools. The generic reporting table should provide clear guidance to researchers and improve the reporting of their results within journal publications and conference presentations. Research funding bodies, the Standard Protocol Items: Recommendations for Interventional Trials statement, and over 80 specialty journals have committed to implementing this core outcome set
Standardizing definitions and reporting guidelines for the infertility core outcome set: an international consensus development study
STUDY QUESTION
Can consensus definitions for the core outcome set for infertility be identified in order to recommend a standardized approach to reporting?
SUMMARY ANSWER
Consensus definitions for individual core outcomes, contextual statements and a standardized reporting table have been developed.
WHAT IS KNOWN ALREADY
Different definitions exist for individual core outcomes for infertility. This variation increases the opportunities for researchers to engage with selective outcome reporting, which undermines secondary research and compromises clinical practice guideline development.
STUDY DESIGN, SIZE, DURATION
Potential definitions were identified by a systematic review of definition development initiatives and clinical practice guidelines and by reviewing Cochrane Gynaecology and Fertility Group guidelines. These definitions were discussed in a face-to-face consensus development meeting, which agreed consensus definitions. A standardized approach to reporting was also developed as part of the process.
PARTICIPANTS/MATERIALS, SETTING, METHODS
Healthcare professionals, researchers and people with fertility problems were brought together in an open and transparent process using formal consensus development methods.
MAIN RESULTS AND THE ROLE OF CHANCE
Forty-four potential definitions were inventoried across four definition development initiatives, including the Harbin Consensus Conference Workshop Group and International Committee for Monitoring Assisted Reproductive Technologies, 12 clinical practice guidelines and Cochrane Gynaecology and Fertility Group guidelines. Twenty-seven participants, from 11 countries, contributed to the consensus development meeting. Consensus definitions were successfully developed for all core outcomes. Specific recommendations were made to improve reporting.
LIMITATIONS, REASONS FOR CAUTION
We used consensus development methods, which have inherent limitations. There was limited representation from low- and middle-income countries.
WIDER IMPLICATIONS OF THE FINDINGS
A minimum data set should assist researchers in populating protocols, case report forms and other data collection tools. The generic reporting table should provide clear guidance to researchers and improve the reporting of their results within journal publications and conference presentations. Research funding bodies, the Standard Protocol Items: Recommendations for Interventional Trials statement, and over 80 specialty journals have committed to implementing this core outcome set
Co-expression network analysis reveals transcription factors associated to cell wall biosynthesis in sugarcane
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