PENGARUH EPILEPSI TERHADAP TERJADINYA GANGGUAN DAYA INGAT PADA PENDERITA EPILEPSI ANAK DI RSUD DR MOEWARDI SURAKARTA

Shinta Riana Setiawati, S5906013. 2009. 2009. The effect of epilepsy on memory disorder in children  with epilepsy in Moewardi General Hospital, Surakarta. Thesis: Master Program in Family Medicine,  Post­Graduate Program, Sebelas Maret University.  Backgroud : Epilepsy can decrease the patients quality of live, memory disorder is one of the impact of  epilepsy.   The objective of this study is to find out the prevalence of memory disorder in  children with   epilepsy, and  the effect of onset, duration, frequency, consciousness in epileptic seizure, and etiology  of epilepsy on memory disorder.  Methods  : A cross­sectional study to find out the effect of epilepsy on memory disorder in children   with epilepsy in Moewardi Hospital Surakarta was conducted from September 2008 to May 2009. Data  were analysed by SPSS 15. Statistical analysis was performed by bivariate analysis and multiple logistic  regression. OR with 95% CI  was determined. Results :  Based from   50 subjects, there were 46% subjects     with memory disorder. The bivariate  analysis results:  onset  15 minutes  OR 1,25  (95% CI 0,36 to 4,31), frequency   > 1 times/month OR 8,4 (95% CI 1,63 to 43,18), consciousness in  epileptic seizure OR 2,81 (95% CI 0,65 to 12,18), etiology of epilepsy OR 0,6 (95% CI 0,18 to 2,02).  Multiple logistic regression analysis results : the   onset of epilepsy < 3 years old  OR 17,30 (95% CI  1,13 to 279,17)  and  seizure frequency > 1 times/month OR 11,91 (95% CI 0,74 to 192,55). Conclusion : Memory disorder prevalence in children with epilepsy was 46%.  There were the effect of  epilepsy onset    1 times per month on memory disorder in  children with epilepsy. Keywords : epilepsy, memory disorder, onset, duration, seizure frequency, conciousness in epileptic  seizure, etiology

LOW BIRTH WEIGHT AND IMMUNIZATIONS STATUS: RISK FACTORS OF ACUTE RESPIRATORY INFECTION IN CHILDREN 2-5 YEARS

Background: Acute Respiratory Infection (ARI) is one of the most important causes of morbidity and mortality in children under five years old (toddlers) worldwide, especially in developing countries. ARI is an acute upper or lower respiratory tract disease that occurs acutely, usually transmitted with mild to lethal symptoms. Various risk factors cause a high incidence of ARI cases in infants, including low birth weight (LBW) and incomplete immunization. Children aged 2-5 years are expected to have received basic immunizations and complete tests according to age to have a stronger immunity to ARI than children aged less than two years. Objective: To determine the relationship of LBW and immunization history with ARI events in children aged 2-5 years.Methods: This is an analytic observational study with a cross-sectional design using 31 samples of ARI and non-ARI pediatric patients treated at the PKU Muhammadiyah Hospital Surakarta. Samples were determined using a purposive technique - meaning that samples were taken according to specific criteria. The population was pediatric patients aged 2-5 years diagnosed with ARI: common cold, nasopharyngitis, tonsillitis, laryngitis, bronchitis, bronchiolitis, pneumonia, and SARS. This study's study populations are pediatric patients aged 2-5 years who were outpatient at PKU Muhammadiyah Hospital Surakarta in December 2019. Therefore, the number of samples is calculated using the Sample Formula for Study Groups with Different Sample Sizes, and data was taken employing a patient's parent interview.Results: There were 31 patients with details of 17 ARI and 14 non-ARI. Fisher's test showed there was no relationship between LBW and ARI (p-value = 0.597, p&gt; 0.05 and Prevalence Ratio = 1.286). And there was no significant relationship between the history of immunization with ARI (p-value = 0.287, p&gt; 0.05 and Prevalence Ratio = 2.5).Conclusions: There is no significant relationship between LBW and immunization history with ARI in children aged 2-5 years

Analisis Faktor Risiko Dan Upaya Pencegahan Terhadap Batu Saluran Kemih Pada Anak

Background: The prevalence of urinary tract stones in children has increased significantly in the last few decades, along with increasing morbidity and health care costs worldwide. The incidence of urolithiasis in children continues to increase about 6 to 10% each year, and is now increasing to 50 per 100,000 adolescents. Objective: To determines the various factors that influence the occurrence of urinary tract stones in children and their prevention efforts. Methods: This study uses a systematic literature review study method. The search results used the e-database PubMed, Science Direct, and Google Scholar from 2016 to 2020. The total number of articles found was 11,885 articles. After screening using predetermined inclusion criteria, the articles to be discussed in this paper are 10 articles. Results: The most frequent causes of urinary tract stones in children were hypocytraturia, hypomagnesuria, and hypercalciuria. Urinary tract infections, low urine volume, and VDR gene polymorphisms can act as risk factors for urinary tract stones. CO2CP levels, uric acid levels, serum sodium levels and non-high-density lipoprotein cholesterol can provide important clues for evaluating urolithiasis risk. There are also differences in risk factors for pediatric urinary tract stone formation between male and female patients. The risk of recurrence occurred less frequently in patients with a BMI> 85th percentile with immobility. All groups of pediatric stone patients who received prophylaxis because of recurrence occurred, much less than those who did not receive prophylaxis. Conclusion: The risk factors for urinary tract stones in children in every population of countries show different results. This is due to differences in food and drink intake, family history of urinary tract stones, environmental factors, metabolic disorders, immobility, VDR gene polymorphisms, BMI, and urinary tract infections. For prevention there are more emphasis on healthy eating and dringking patterns and limiting the consumption of protein and salt. Keywords: Risk Factors, Prevention, Urinary Tract Stones, Urolithiasis

Hubungan Status Gizi Dengan Kejadian Infeksi Respiratorik Akut (IRA) Bagian Bawah ada Anak Usia 1-5 Tahun Di RSUD Sukoharjo

Background : Acute Lower Respiratory Tract Infection (ALRTI) is ainfections caused by viruses, bacteria, or trauma that occurred from the larynx down and divided into croup (epiglotitis and laringo-tracheo-bronchitis), bronchitis, bronchiolitis, and pneumonia. ALRTI vulnerable population is children aged under five years old who have health problems such as malnutrition Objectives : To determine the relationship between nutritional status and the incidence of ALRTI in children aged 1-5 years in Sukoharjo Hospital. Methods : This study uses an analytical observational cross-sectional approach, the subjects in this study were children aged 1-5 years were enrolled in the treatment and hospital medical record Sukoharjo in January 2015. The technique used is the consecutive sampling. The whole subject is 84 children, consisted of 42 children with malnutrition and 42 children with good nutrition. The data obtained are presented in tables and analyzed using Chi Square test with SPSS 17.0 for Windows. Results : From the Chi square test p value of 0.001 obtained, it can be stated H0and H1 accepted. There is a significant association between nutritional status and the incidence of ALRTI. Additionally obtained value OR = 5.5, which means malnutrition increases the risk by 5,5 times lower compared to the ALRTI with good nutrition. Conclusion : There is a relationship between the nutritional status and the incident of ALRTI

Pengaruh Obat Anti Epilepsi Terhadap Gangguan Daya Ingat pada Epilepsi Anak

Latar belakang. Epilepsi merupakan penyakit kronik yang dapat menurunkan kualitas hidup, di antaranya gangguan daya ingat. Tujuan. Mengetahui prevalensi gangguan daya ingat, serta pengaruh lama pengobatan, dan jumlah obat anti epilepsi. Metode. Penelitian potong lintang untuk mengetahui prevalensi gangguan daya ingat, serta pengaruh lama pengobatan, dan jumlah obat anti epilepsi terhadap gangguan daya ingat pada pasien epilepsi anak. Penelitina dilakukan di Poliklinik Neurologi Anak RSUD Dr Moewardi Surakarta dalam kurun waktu September 2010 – November 2010, pada 50 subyek. Hasil. Gangguan daya ingat dialami 46% subyek di antara 50 subyek yang diteliti. Analisis bivariat mendapatkan pengaruh lama pengobatan lebih dari 2 tahun dengan OR 13,14 (CI 95% 3,29-2,47), jumlah obat anti epilepsi lebih dari satu obat dengan OR 0,6 (CI 95% 0,18-2,02). Analisis regresi logistik ganda mendapatkan faktor yang mempengaruhi daya ingat adalah lama pengobatan lebih dari 2 tahun dengan OR 17,3 (CI 95% 1,13- 279,17). Kesimpulan. Gangguan daya ingat dialami 46% pasien epilepsi anak. Lama pengobatan lebih dari dua tahun berpengaruh terhadap terjadinya gangguan daya ingat pada pasien epilepsi anak