Sonographic Appearance of Abdominal Wall at the Left Flank of Laparotomy Incision Site in Ettawah Grade Does

The aim of this study was to describe the sonographic appearance of abdominal wall at the left flank of laparotomy incision site in 11 mated Ettawah grade does. Brightness-mode ultrasound examination by using transducer with frequency of 5.0-6.0 MHz was conducted to grouping the does based on their pregnancy statuses. The incision site of the abdominal wall at left flank laparotomy was transcutaneous-scanned as long as 8 cm vertically. The sonographic appearance of the laparotomy wall thickness showed that in all groups of does were similar and not different statistically. The thickness of oblique external and oblique internal abdominal muscles increased in the pregnant does as compared to non-pregnant does (P<0.05)

Seleksi Spesies Adaptif pada Daerah Kering untuk Antisipasi Perubahan Iklim Global

Kementerian Kehutanan, melalui Badan Litbang Kehutanan yang dituangkan dalam Roadmap 2010-2025 telah mencanangkan kegiatan untuk mengantisipasi terjadinya Perubahan iklim global. Berbagai Rencana Penelitian Integratif (RPI) telah ditetapkan termasuk RPI Adaptasi Bioekologi dan Sosial Ekonomi Budaya terhadap Perubahan Iklim yang diinisiasi pada tahun 2010. Dalam RPI ini salah satu penelitian dilakukan untuk mengidentifikasi berbagai spesies pohon dari berbagai provenans yang potensial untuk mengantisipasi Perubahan iklim dengan penekanan untuk tujuan pengujian pada daerah kering. Pada makalah ini, hasil identifikasi dan seleksi yang dilakukan tahun 2010 didiskusikan. Identifikasi dari daerah bercurah hujan rendah (<1000-1500mm/tahun) di Indonesia (Sulawesi, Madura, JawaTimurdanNusaTenggaraTimur)sertaseleksidenganmempertimbangkantampilansebagaipohon, manfaat, kemungkinannya untuk koleksi materi genetik, rekomendasi dan beberapa kriteria lain akhirnyamendapatkan29spesies potensialyangadaptifpadadaerahkeringuntukdiujilebihlanjut

Sonographic Appearance of Abdominal Wall at the Left Flank of Laparotomy Incision Site in Ettawah Grade Does

The aim of this study was to describe the sonographic appearance of abdominal wall at the left flank of laparotomy incision site in 11 mated Ettawah grade does. Brightness-mode ultrasound examination by using transducer with frequency of 5.0-6.0 MHz was conducted to grouping the does based on their pregnancy statuses. The incision site of the abdominal wall at left flank laparotomy was transcutaneous-scanned as long as 8 cm vertically. The sonographic appearance of the laparotomy wall thickness showed that in all groups of does were similar and not different statistically. The thickness of oblique external and oblique internal abdominal muscles increased in the pregnant does as compared to non-pregnant does (P&lt;0.05).Key words: laparotomy, left flank, ultrasonography, incision site, Ettawah grade doe

Karakteristik Sitologi Vagina Selama Siklus Estrus dan Gejala Klinis Estrus pada Banteng (Bos javanicus d’Alton 1823)

Tujuan dari penelitian ini adalah mempelajari karakteristik gambaran sel-sel ephitelial vagina dan gejala klinis estrus pada banteng. Sebanyak 2 ekor banteng betina yang sehat, sudah dewasa kelamin dan pernah beranak diobservasi secara klinis selama siklus estrus normal dan dilakukan pengambilan sampel ulas vagina. Observasi gejala klinis estrus dan ulas vagina dilakukan tiga kali dalam seminggu dan 5 hari berturut-turut menjelang sampai sesudah estrus. Pemeriksaan fisik ini terdiri atas pemeriksaan simptomatis dengan melihat gejala-gejala yang timbul dari luar seperti gelisah, adanya kebengkakkan, kemerahan, kebasahan pada vulva, naik menaiki, melenguh (meskipun pakan cukup tersedia), keluar lendir jernih transparan. Tingkah laku ketika banteng sedang estrus memperlihatkan perilaku saling naik menaiki sesama banteng dan diam ketika dinaiki, sedangkan tanda klinis lainnya seperti kemerahan, kebengkakan, dan lendir serviks tidak terlihat dengan jelas. Sel-sel ephitel yang diperoleh adalah parabasal, intermediet, superfisial dan kornifikasi. Sel superfisial mendominasi (50,20%) pada saat estrus diikuti sel kornifikasi (38,51%), sel intermediet (26,82%) dan sel parabasal 13,44% selama 3 siklus estrus. Hasil penelitian ini dapat disimpulkan bahwa naik-menaiki sesama banteng pada saat estrus merupakan tanda klinis yang paling jelas terlihat dan teknik sitologi vagina dapat digunakan dalam penentuan siklus estrus banteng

FA-5 Semen Characteristics of Banteng (Bos javanicus) Collected by Electroejaculation Method

Banteng (Bos javanicus) is listed as endangered species in IUCN Redlist. Only few thousand wild banteng survive and their numbers are decreasing as a result of hunting and the loss of habitat due to deforestation and conversion to agricultural land. One of the conservation measures is to preserve this species in ex-situ breeding center. The breeding centre with the largest number of individuals is Ragunan Zoo in Jakarta, with 21 animals. Despite those numbers of individuals available, the sex ratio was far from ideal at 16 males and five females. While in Taman Safari Prigen, there were with 16 individuals and a sex ratio of five males and 11 females [1] Since number of males are usually less than females, and also to avoid inbreeding in order to keep high heterozygosity population, therefore, assisted reproductive technology such as artificial insemination is considered to be necessary.For artificial insemination, semen collection sufficient quantitiy and quality of semen from males are needed. Thus, best semen collection method should be considered. Though transrectal massage procedure does not require the male to be anesthetized  prior to semen collection, semen collected by this technique contains urine contamination. Besides, volume of semen sample obtained by transrectal massage is lesser compared to electroejaculation. Electroejaculation is also suitable for wild animal because in this particular semen collection procedure, males are not required to be trained.The information about semen characteristics of banteng bulls collected by electroejaculation is less known. To date, study done by Johnston et al. (2002) is the only available data. That study only provided data from one semen sample from one 4-year-old banteng bull located at Western Plains Zoo [2]. Moreover such volume parameter and consistency was not reported from that study. Thus, this study is aimed to provide more reliable data from larger number of semen samples  collected by electroejaculation and to add information to previous data that are availabe

FA-5 Semen Characteristics of Banteng (Bos javanicus) Collected by Electroejaculation Method

Banteng (Bos javanicus) is listed as endangered species in IUCN Redlist. Only few thousand wild banteng survive and their numbers are decreasing as a result of hunting and the loss of habitat due to deforestation and conversion to agricultural land. One of the conservation measures is to preserve this species in ex-situ breeding center. The breeding centre with the largest number of individuals is Ragunan Zoo in Jakarta, with 21 animals. Despite those numbers of individuals available, the sex ratio was far from ideal at 16 males and five females. While in Taman Safari Prigen, there were with 16 individuals and a sex ratio of five males and 11 females [1] Since number of males are usually less than females, and also to avoid inbreeding in order to keep high heterozygosity population, therefore, assisted reproductive technology such as artificial insemination is considered to be necessary.For artificial insemination, semen collection sufficient quantitiy and quality of semen from males are needed. Thus, best semen collection method should be considered. Though transrectal massage procedure does not require the male to be anesthetized  prior to semen collection, semen collected by this technique contains urine contamination. Besides, volume of semen sample obtained by transrectal massage is lesser compared to electroejaculation. Electroejaculation is also suitable for wild animal because in this particular semen collection procedure, males are not required to be trained.The information about semen characteristics of banteng bulls collected by electroejaculation is less known. To date, study done by Johnston et al. (2002) is the only available data. That study only provided data from one semen sample from one 4-year-old banteng bull located at Western Plains Zoo [2]. Moreover such volume parameter and consistency was not reported from that study. Thus, this study is aimed to provide more reliable data from larger number of semen samples  collected by electroejaculation and to add information to previous data that are availabe

KUALITAS SEMEN DOMBA LOKAL DARI FREKUENSI EJAKULASI BERBEDA (The quality of local ram semen from different ejaculation)

One of the factors that support the success of reproduction in sheep is the quality of the semen. This study aims to analyze the effect of ejaculation frequency on the quality of ram semen. This study used four local rams two years old. All rams have collected the semen using an artificial vagina five times a day with three replications. The experimental parameters were macroscopic (volume, pH, consistency, and color) and microscopic (mass movement, motility, viability, concentration, normal sperm morphology, and sperm intact plasma membrane). The data analysis used a randomized block design (RBD) with SPSS version 20. The results showed that the frequency of ejaculation in rams shows color and consistency in the 1st ejaculate, which was creamier and thicker than the 4th and 5th ejaculate. Mass movement, sperm concentration per mL, and total sperm concentration in ejaculate 1st and 2nd were higher than in 5th ejaculate. The potential of artificial insemination (AI) in the 1st and 2nd ejaculate was higher than in the 5th ejaculate. The study concluded that the frequency of ejaculation affects mass movement, sperm concentration, and the potential straw production for AI in local sheep

The use of transrectal massage combined with artificial vagina as semen collection in javan banteng (

Semen collection in wild animals may be challenging for some methods such as electro ejaculator may cause pain and distress to the animals. Transrectal massage has been widely used in domestic and wild animals semen collection. Even though an artificial vagina may provide a condition that mimics the female reproductive tract and known to provide better results in some species, the application may face obstacles in the field. This study was conducted to evaluate the possibility of modified semen collection in banteng bull by combining the transrectal massage method followed by the use of an artificial vagina. The bull was habituated and trained for semen collection in chute under veterinarian supervision in Taman Safari Indonesia, Cisarua, Bogor, West Java. Semen samples from one Javan banteng bull were collected once a week. Banteng bull showed stud and penile protrusion during semen collection. Watery semen with volume ranged from 12 ml were successfully collected, with sperm progressive motility ranged from 25%-40%. Our study also showed sperm abnormalities comprising 18.11% abnormal sperm heads, 28.82% abnormal sperm tails and 0.94% teratoid form. The results demonstrated the possibility of this modified method as an alternative procedure for semen collection in banteng bull which may also be useful for other wild animals in field condition