Determinants of Capital Structure in Financial Institutions: The Case of Turkey

This study analyzes the determinants of capital structure in the Turkish banking sector. We propose an empirical model in order to identify the factors that explain why banks hold capital beyond the amount required by the regulation. We used a panel data set that employs bank-level data from the Turkish banking sector covering the period 2002–2006 and estimated the model with generalized method of moments (GMM). The findings of this study suggest that lagged capital, portfolio risk, economic growth, average capital level of the sector and return on equity are positively correlated with capital adequacy ratio and share of deposits are negatively correlated with capital adequacy ratio.Capital Adequacy, Turkish Banking Sector, GMM

Inadvertent right ventricular apical exit after stereotactic body radiotherapy for ventricular tachycardia: Every cloud has a silver lining

A 78-year-old man suffering from gastric cancer with ischemic cardiomyopathy and recurrent ICD shocks consented to ventricular tachycardia (VT) ablation. He had a previous endocardial VT ablation 1 year ago, and a stereotactic radioablation for his recurrent VT 4 months ago. We planned again left ventricular endocardial mapping for his incessant slow VT suggesting an apical exit site (Figure 1A). However, the activation mapping of LV did not cover the whole VT cycle length, and we decide to map the right ventricular septal side instead of the epicardial access due to the patient's poor frailty. Fortunately, the mid-diastolic potential (MDP) was acquired in an unusual position (Figures 1A and 1B); however, the pericardial location of the mapping catheter was confirmed fluoroscopically (Figures 1C and 1D). An urgent surgical consultation was called for, and operative preparations were initiated. However, since no pericardial tamponade occurred and blood pressure remained stable, we continued the endo-epicardial ablation by ablating the MDP (Video 1)

Transient changes in QRS morphology during a narrow complex tachycardia: What is the mechanism?

A22‐year‐old man with recurrent episodes of tachycardia inthe absence of structural heart disease underwent an electro-physiological evaluation. A narrow complex tachycardia (NCT)was induced by programmed by ventricular pacing. A transientchange in QRS morphology and H‐V interval in the middle of thetracing was noted during ongoing tachycardia (Figure1). What arethepossiblemechanismsoftachycardia and changes in QRS morphology

Reply to letter to the editor: '2D LGE or 3D high-resolution LGE: Role of cardiovascular magnetic resonance imaging in the treatment of ventricular arrhythmias'

We are pleased that our paper raised interest among readers of the Anatolian Journal of Cardiology. Even though the late gadolinium enhancement cardiac magnetic resonance (LGE-CMR) imaging was first established for ventricular tissue characterization in localizing ventricular tachycardia (VT) ablation targets (CMR-aided), it is by now widely used as a clinical tool to guide VT ablation (CMR-guided) through the detection of the arrhythmogenic substrate and conducting channels. While the CMR-derived information has been used alongside electroanatomic mapping (EAM) data to aid VT ablation (CMR-aided), the CMR-guided approaches, where EAM acquisition is completely avoided, make procedures faster, and the operator relies solely on imaging data.1 As the authors reported, the analysis of CMR images with software, which is known as ADAS (ADAS 3D, Barcelona, Spain), is very helpful for identifying these conducting channels.2 The preliminary results showed that the mean procedure duration was lower in CMR-guided when compared to CMR-aided and No-CMR substrate ablation (109 ± 61 vs. 206 ± 70 and 233 ± 48 minutes, respectively; P <.001 for both comparisons).1 VOYAGE is a prospective, randomized, multicenter controlled open-label study designed to compare in terms of efficacy, efficiency, and safety of a CMR-aided or guided workflow to standard EAM-guided VT ablation

On Extensions, Lie-Poisson Systems, and Dissipations

On the dual space of \textit{extended structure}, equations governing the collective motion of two mutually interacting Lie-Poisson systems are derived. By including a twisted 2-cocycle term, this novel construction is providing the most general realization of (de)coupling of Lie-Poisson systems. A double cross sum (matched pair) of 2-cocycle extensions are constructed. The conditions are determined for this double cross sum to be a 2-cocycle extension by itself. On the dual spaces, Lie-Poisson equations are computed. We complement the discussion by presenting a double cross sum of some symmetric brackets, such as double bracket, Cartan-Killing bracket, Casimir dissipation bracket, and Hamilton dissipation bracket. Accordingly, the collective motion of two mutually interacting irreversible dynamics, as well as mutually interacting metriplectic flows, are obtained. The theoretical results are illustrated in three examples. As an infinite-dimensional physical model, decompositions of the BBGKY hierarchy are presented. As finite-dimensional examples, the coupling of two Heisenberg algebras and coupling of two copies of $3D$ dynamics are studied

Cardiac magnetic resonance-guided conducting channel delineation of an aneurysmal ventricular tachycardia with the same circuit in the reverse direction

A 54-year-old male patient with remote inferior wall myocardial infarction with inferoseptal left ventricular (LV) aneurysm (Figure 1A, Video 1) was referred for ablation of hemodynamically tolerated ventricular tachycardia (VT). Image processing (ADAS 3D Galgo Medical, Barcelona, Spain) was used to reconstruct myocardial scar from cardiac magnetic resonance (CMR) and to identify channels of heterogeneous tissue that could be directly involved in the VT reentry circuit (Figure 1B, Videos 2-4). Then, this 3-dimensional (3D) CMR analysis was uploaded into 3D electroanatomic mapping system (CARTO® Biosense Webster Inc., Diamond Bar, CA, USA)

The width of life is more important than the length of life

A 58-year-old man with previous inferior myocardial infarction (MI) was referred for cardiac resynchronization therapy pacemaker (CRT-P) for decreased left ventricular ejection fraction (LVEF; 45%) and left bundle branch block (LBBB) (Figure 1). He had New York Heart Association Class I functional classification but palpitation for 3 months. General physical and cardiac examinations were normal. On the admission day, the electrocardiogram showed a narrow QRS rhythm with and without tachycardia (Figures 2 and 3). Would you recommend or consider a CRT-P device or a CRT defibrillator or only an implantable cardioverter defibrillator (ICD) based on these clinical and electrocardiographic findings, or ablation or medical therapy only

Ice Accretion Prediction on Wind Turbines and Consequent Power Losses

Ice accretion on wind turbine blades modifies the sectional profiles and causes alteration in the aerodynamic characteristic of the blades. The objective of this study is to determine performance losses on wind turbines due to the formation of ice in cold climate regions and mountainous areas where wind energy resources are found. In this study, the Blade Element Momentum method is employed together with an ice accretion prediction tool in order to estimate the ice build-up on wind turbine blades and the energy production for iced and clean blades. The predicted ice shapes of the various airfoil profiles are validated with the experimental data and it is shown that the tool developed is promising to be used in the prediction of power production losses of wind turbines

Change in atrial activation patterns during narrow complex tachycardia: What is the mechanism?

A change in the coronary sinus (CS) activation pattern from an eccentric to a concentric pattern during the ablation of an orthodromic reciprocating tachycardia might falsely suggest the presence of a second (septal) accessory pathway (AP) during tachycardia or the successful ablation of the left lateral AP under ventricular pacing despite persistent and unaffected AP conduction. Complete or partial intra-atrial block should be suspected when an abrupt change in the atrial activation sequence is noted during catheter ablation at the posterolateral and lateral aspects of the mitral annulus. The correct anatomical position of the CS catheter plays a vital role in the differential diagnosis of this situation

Convergent double coronary sinus potentials during atrial tachycardia

The analysis of the patterns and timing of coronary sinus activation provides a rapid stratification of the most likely macro-re-entrant atrial tachycardias and points toward the likely origin of centrifugal ones by comparing the left atrial and coronary sinus activation sequence and morphology during sinus rhythm and atrial tachycardia. The analysis of both the near- and far-field electrogram morphology of atrial signals also gives important clues in determining the mechanism of the arrhythmia