The Determination of Metals in Welding Fume by X-Ray-Spectrometry

Analysis of the current hygienic situation in the welding production showed that the intensification of welding processes involves the deterioration of air quality, which negatively affects the welders health. Respiratory effects seen in full-time welders have included bronchitis, airway irritation, lung function changes, and a possible increase in the incidence of lung cancer. The metal concentration in the air of the working area have been determined using the photometric method of analysis, which involves the stage of decomposition of the sample material before analysis. However, losses of the analyzed elements are possible when the sample is decomposed. The X-ray fluorescence method of analysis has the advantage of being nondestructive. The investigations shown the data of photometric determination of metals in welding aerosols is 1.5(-:)2 times lower than the results of X-ray fluorescence analysis

Conception of low-rise earthquake-resistant energy-efficient buildings

The article proposes a new earthquake-resistant technology of low-rise building with increased energy efficiency and long-life operation. The proposed solution allows to build low-rise buildings with increased resistance to natural and man-made disasters. The building is frame (made of tube-concrete) and also completely monolithic, where foundation, all walls, floors and roof are filled of polystirolconcrete (composed of concrete and polystyrene), which forms a monolithic construction

Mecanismo de evolução do estado: abordagem do sistema

The article describes and analyzes in detail the state evolution mechanism. The authors show that many different theories and doctrines, various schemes for typologizing the evolutionary forms of the state have been developed over the long history of the existence of legal, philosophical and political sciences. The work content includes the discussion of the difficulties of developing rigorous theories of the evolution of state forms associated with the complexity and ambiguity of particular historical processes of state formation and development.The authors distinguish and consider the evolutionary features of the modern state, justify that the modern state as a historical type possesses a number of features that are not inherent (or partially inherent) in both the traditional and the proto-modern state, which form its evolutionary features, specificity of functioning and evolutionary transformation. In addition, the article identifies and analyzes four main innovative stages in the political and legal institutionalization of modern political domination: civil state, rule-of-law state, democratic rule-of-law state and social rule-of-law state.El artículo describe y analiza en detalle el mecanismo de evolución del estado. Los autores muestran que muchas teorías y doctrinas diferentes, varios esquemas para tipificar las formas evolutivas del estado se han desarrollado a lo largo de la historia en la existencia de las ciencias jurídicas, filosóficas y políticas. El contenido del trabajo incluye la discusión de las dificultades para desarrollar teorías rigurosas sobre la evolución de las formas estatales asociadas con la complejidad y la ambigüedad de procesos históricos particulares de formación y desarrollo estatal.Los autores distinguen y consideran las características evolutivas del estado moderno, justifican que el estado moderno como un tipo histórico posee una serie de características que no son inherentes (o inherentes solo en parte) tanto en el estado tradicional como en el proto-moderno, que forman sus características evolutivas, especificidad de funcionamiento y transformación evolutiva. Además, el artículo identifica y analiza cuatro etapas innovadoras principales en la institucionalización política y legal de la dominación política moderna: estado civil, estado de derecho, estado de derecho democrático y estado de derecho social.O artigo descreve e analisa em detalhes o mecanismo de evolução do estado. Os autores mostram que muitas teorias e doutrinas diferentes, vários esquemas para tipificar as formas evolutivas do estado se desenvolveram ao longo da longa história da existência das ciências jurídicas, filosóficas e políticas. O conteúdo do trabalho inclui a discussão das dificuldades em desenvolver teorias rigorosas sobre a evolução das formas de estado associadas à complexidade e ambiguidade de processos históricos particulares de formação e desenvolvimento do Estado.Os autores distinguir e considerar as características evolutivas do Estado moderno, justificar o Estado moderno como um tipo histórica tem uma série de características que não são inerentes (ou inerente apenas em parte), tanto no status tradicional como o proto-moderno, que eles formam suas características evolutivas, especificidade funcional e transformação evolutiva. Além disso, o artigo identifica e analisa quatro principais etapas inovadoras na institucionalização política e jurídica da dominação política moderna: estado civil, estado de direito, estado democrático de direito e estado de direito social

Soil ph Control in the Mobile Corrosion Monitoring

Corrosion monitoring methods and pH measuring devices are studied. Considering the heterogeneity of the soil pH, depending on depth and sampling points, it is advisable to use solid-state potentiometric sensors that are capable of pH measuring with an error not exceeding 0.2 pH units. In the process of the pipeline installation necessary to control the soil pH value. While it is impossible to predict what kind of horizon will be in contact with the pipe material at different points. This problem requires future development of technique for the correct pH measuring for the purpose of mobile pipeline corrosion monitoring. When using cathodic protection has been required find the balance between the parameters which prevent the corrosion reactions and also take into account the hydrogen absorption on surface of the pipes material

Detection of tick-borne pathogens in wild birds and their ticks in Western Siberia and high level of their mismatch

Abstract: The Tomsk region located in the south of Western Siberia is one of the most high-risk areas for tick-borne diseases due to elevated incidence of tick-borne encephalitis and Lyme disease in humans. Wild birds may be considered as one of the reservoirs for tick-borne pathogens and hosts for infected ticks. A high mobility of wild birds leads to unpredictable possibilities for the dissemination of tick-borne pathogens into new geographical regions. The primary goal of this study was to evaluate the prevalence of tick-borne pathogens in wild birds and ticks that feed on them as well as to determine the role of different species of birds in maintaining the tickborne infectious foci. We analysed the samples of 443 wild birds (60 species) and 378 ticks belonging to the genus Ixodes Latraille, 1795 collected from the wild birds, for detecting occurrence of eight tick-borne pathogens, the namely tick-borne encephalitis virus (TBEV), West Nile virus (WNV), and species of Borrelia, Rickettsia, Ehrlichia, Anaplasma, Bartonella and Babesia Starcovici, 1893, using RT-PCR/or PCR and enzyme immunoassay. One or more tick-borne infection markers were detected in 43 species of birds. All markers were detected in samples collected from fieldfare Turdus pilaris Linnaeus, Blyth’s reed warbler Acrocephalus dumetorum Blyth, common redstart Phoenicurus phoenicurus (Linnaeus), and common chaffinch Fringilla coelebs Linnaeus. Although all pathogens have been identified in birds and ticks, we found that in the majority of cases (75.5%), there were mismatches of pathogens in birds and ticks collected from them. Wild birds and their ticks may play an extremely important role in the dissemination of tick-borne pathogens into different geographical regions

Reaction of Picolinamides with Ketones Producing a New Type of Heterocyclic Salts with an Imidazolidin-4-One Ring

Reactions of picolinamides with 1,3-propanesultone in methanol followed by the treatment with ketones led to a series of previously unknown chemical transformations, yielding first pyridinium salts (2a–f), with a protonated endocyclic nitrogen atom, and then heterocyclic salts (3a–j) containing an imidazolidin-4-one ring. The structures of intermediate and final products were determined by IR and 1H, 13C NMR spectroscopy, and X-ray study. The effects of the ketone and alcohol structures on the product yield were studied by quantum-chemical calculations. The stability of salts 3a–j towards hydrolysis and alcoholysis makes them excellent candidates for the search for new types of biologically active compounds

Adenovirus Type 6: Subtle Structural Distinctions from Adenovirus Type 5 Result in Essential Differences in Properties and Perspectives for Gene Therapy

Adenovirus vectors are the most frequently used agents for gene therapy, including oncolytic therapy and vaccine development. It’s hard to overestimate the value of adenoviruses during the COVID-19 pandemic as to date four out of four approved viral vector-based SARS-CoV-2 vaccines are developed on adenovirus platform. The vast majority of adenoviral vectors are based on the most studied human adenovirus type 5 (HAdV-C5), however, its immunogenicity often hampers the clinical translation of HAdV-C5 vectors. The search of less seroprevalent adenovirus types led to another species C adenovirus, Adenovirus type 6 (HAdV-C6). HAdV-C6 possesses high oncolytic efficacy against multiple cancer types and remarkable ability to induce the immune response towards carrying antigens. Being genetically very close to HAdV-C5, HAdV-C6 differs from HAdV-C5 in structure of the most abundant capsid protein, hexon. This leads to the ability of HAdV-C6 to evade the uptake by Kupffer cells as well as to distinct opsonization by immunoglobulins and other blood proteins, influencing the overall biodistribution of HAdV-C6 after systemic administration. This review describes the structural features of HAdV-C6, its interaction with liver cells and blood factors, summarizes the previous experiences using HAdV-C6, and provides the rationale behind the use of HAdV-C6 for vaccine and anticancer drugs developments

Crystal structures of K-cymrite and kokchetavite from single-crystal X-ray diffraction

Recent research on superconductivity of high-pressure hydrides generated many phase stability calculations with a lack of their experimental verification; a typical example is Pt–H system. The stability of eight PtH structures was predicted, while the experiments revealed the existence of only hexagonal close-packed (hcp) and trigonal PtH. Face-centered cubic (fcc) PtH was predicted to be nearly isoentalpic to the hcp PtH and stable near 100 GPa, but never observed experimentally. Here we report the first synthesis of the fcc PtH using laser-heated diamond anvil cell. It was found to occupy a high-temperature area of the phase diagram in a wide pressure range of 20–100 GPa, being metastable at room temperature. Our results look promising for uncovering weak approximations in current high-pressure hydrides stability ab initio calculations