¿Qué calidad de madera produciremos en el futuro?: Los desafíos de integrar el valor adaptativo y tecnológico de la madera en un clima cambiantes

La madera cumple funciones de transporte y almacenamiento de agua, nutrientes y carbohidratos, fundamentales para la sobrevivencia de las especies leñosas frente a variaciones del ambiente. La densidad de la madera, una propiedad emergente de las características anatómicas (proporción de lúmenes y paredes celulares), se relaciona con la capacidad de conducción de agua en el xilema, siendo una variable clave en la arquitectura hidráulica de la planta. Sirve de soporte mecánico y es materia prima para la industria, con lo cual se constituye en una variable de gran valor tecnológico, cobrando relevancia para los procesos de producción, creación, diseño e implementación de productos para el agregado de valor en origen. Se suele afirmar que la densidad permite identificar la calidad de una madera en relación a su uso final: estimar su dureza, porosidad, comportamiento frente a esfuerzos mecánicos, cambios dimensionales, calidad de acabados y rendimiento de distintos procesos industriales, entre otros.Fil: Martinez Meier, Alejandro Gabriel. Instituto Nacional de Tecnología Agropecuaria. Centro Regional Patagonia Norte. Estación Experimental Agropecuaria San Carlos de Bariloche. Instituto de Investigaciones Forestales y Agropecuarias Bariloche. - Consejo Nacional de Investigaciones Científicas y Técnicas. Centro Científico Tecnológico Conicet - Patagonia Norte. Instituto de Investigaciones Forestales y Agropecuarias Bariloche; ArgentinaFil: Sergent, Anne Sophie. Instituto Nacional de Tecnología Agropecuaria. Centro Regional Patagonia Norte. Estación Experimental Agropecuaria San Carlos de Bariloche. Instituto de Investigaciones Forestales y Agropecuarias Bariloche. - Consejo Nacional de Investigaciones Científicas y Técnicas. Centro Científico Tecnológico Conicet - Patagonia Norte. Instituto de Investigaciones Forestales y Agropecuarias Bariloche; ArgentinaFil: Dalla Salda, Guillermina. Instituto Nacional de Tecnología Agropecuaria. Centro Regional Patagonia Norte. Estación Experimental Agropecuaria San Carlos de Bariloche. Instituto de Investigaciones Forestales y Agropecuarias Bariloche. - Consejo Nacional de Investigaciones Científicas y Técnicas. Centro Científico Tecnológico Conicet - Patagonia Norte. Instituto de Investigaciones Forestales y Agropecuarias Bariloche; ArgentinaFil: Caballe, Gonzalo. Instituto Nacional de Tecnología Agropecuaria. Centro Regional Patagonia Norte. Estación Experimental Agropecuaria San Carlos de Bariloche. Instituto de Investigaciones Forestales y Agropecuarias Bariloche. - Consejo Nacional de Investigaciones Científicas y Técnicas. Centro Científico Tecnológico Conicet - Patagonia Norte. Instituto de Investigaciones Forestales y Agropecuarias Bariloche; ArgentinaFil: Rozenberg, Philippe. Institut National de la Recherche Agronomique; FranciaFil: Fernandez, Maria Elena. Consejo Nacional de Investigaciones Científicas y Técnicas. Centro Científico Tecnológico Conicet - Mar del Plata. Instituto de Innovación para la Producción Agropecuaria y el Desarrollo Sostenible - Instituto Nacional de Tecnología Agropecuaria. Centro Regional Buenos Aires Sur. Estación Experimental Agropecuaria Balcarce. Instituto de Innovación para la Producción Agropecuaria y el Desarrollo Sostenible; Argentin

Georgia Abortion Law and Our Commitment to Patients

Peer Reviewedhttps://deepblue.lib.umich.edu/bitstream/2027.42/153775/1/art41143.pdfhttps://deepblue.lib.umich.edu/bitstream/2027.42/153775/2/art41143_am.pd

Interaction of ochratoxin A with human intestinal Caco-2 cells: possible implication of a multidrug resistance-associated protein (MRP2).

Ochratoxin A (OTA), a nephrotoxic mycotoxin, is absorbed from small intestine and, in plasma, binds to serum albumin. Prolonged half-live results from reabsorption by proximal tubules and enterohepatic circulation. The mechanism whereby OTA crosses intestine was investigated by means of a cell culture system consisting of Caco-2 cells, as in vitro model of human intestinal epithelium. Cytotoxicity assays on proliferating Caco-2 cells showed that 0.4 microM OTA inhibits MTT reduction by 50%. Transepithelial transport and intracellular accumulation of OTA were studied in Caco-2 cells, differentiated in bicameral inserts. At pH 7.4, OTA is transported preferentially in basolateral (BL) to apical (AP) direction, suggesting a net secretion. Conditions closer to in vivo situation in duodenum (AP pH 6.0, BL pH 7.4) increase intracellular accumulation and transepithelial transport. AP to BL transport becomes higher than BL to AP transport, suggesting OTA absorption. Addition of serum albumin in BL compartment further increases OTA absorption across Caco-2 cells and suggests that in vivo OTA transport from serosal to luminal side of enterocytes is prevented, due to its binding to plasma proteins. Competition experiments showed that carrier systems for large neutral amino acids, H(+)/dipeptides cotransporter, organic anion (p-aminohippurate) carrier and organic anion transporter (oatp) are not implicated in OTA transport across Caco-2 cells, in contrast to what was reported in kidney and liver. AP and BL transport and intracellular accumulation of OTA are increased in the presence of non specific inhibitors of MRPs (indomethacin, genistein and probenecid) and of 1-chloro-2,4-dinitrobenzene (biotransformed into 2,4-dinitrophenyl-gluthatione, a specific inhibitor of MRPs), but are affected by verapamil, an inhibitor of P-gp. This suggests that the multidrug resistance-associated protein (MRP2) could be implicated in transepithelial transport. Therefore, absorption of OTA across the intestinal mucosa would be limited thanks to its excretion through MRP2 at the apical pole of enterocytes

Speed scaling to manage temperature

We consider speed scaling algorithms to minimize device temperature subject to the constraint that every task finishes by its deadline. We assume that the device cools according to Fouriers law. We show that the optimal offline algorithm proposed in [18] for minimizing total energy (that we call YDS) is an O(1)-approximation with respect to temperature. Tangentially, we observe that the energy optimality of YDS is an elegant consequence of the well known KKT optimality conditions. Two online algorithms, AVR and Optimal Available, were proposed in [18] in the context of energy management. It was shown that these algorithms were O(1)-competitive with respect to energy in [18] and [2]. Here we show these algorithms are not O(1)-competitive with respect to temperature. This demonstratively illustrates the observation from practice that power management techniques that are effective for managing energy may not be effective for managing temperature. We show that the most intuitive temperature management algorithm, running at such a speed so that the temperature is constant, is surprisingly not O(1)-competitive with respect to temperature. In contrast, we show that the online algorithm BKP, proposed in [2], is O(1)-competitive with respect to temperature. This is the first O(1)-competitiveness analysis with respect to temperature for an online algorithm

Towards large scale multimedia indexing: a case study on person discovery in broadcast news

The rapid growth of multimedia databases and the human interest in their peers make indices representing the location and identity of people in audio-visual documents essential for searching archives. Person discovery in the absence of prior identity knowledge requires accurate association of audio-visual cues and detected names. To this end, we present 3 different strategies to approach this problem: clustering-based naming, verification-based naming, and graph-based naming. Each of these strategies utilizes different recent advances in unsupervised face / speech representation, verification, and optimization. To have a better understanding of the approaches, this paper also provides a quantitative and qualitative comparative study of these approaches using the associated corpus of the Person Discovery challenge at MediaEval 2016. From the results of our experiments, we can observe the pros and cons of each approach, thus paving the way for future promising research directions.Peer Reviewe