A Model for Remote Access and Protection of Smartphones using Short Message Service

The smartphone usage among people is increasing rapidly. With the phenomenal growth of smartphone use, smartphone theft is also increasing. This paper proposes a model to secure smartphones from theft as well as provides options to access a smartphone through other smartphone or a normal mobile via Short Message Service. This model provides option to track and secure the mobile by locking it. It also provides facilities to receive the incoming call and sms information to the remotely connected device and enables the remote user to control the mobile through SMS. The proposed model is validated by the prototype implementation in Android platform. Various tests are conducted in the implementation and the results are discussed.Comment: 10 Pages, 11 Figure

Laser Processing of Metals and Polymers

A laser offers a unique set of opportunities for precise delivery of high quality coherent energy. This energy can be tailored to alter the properties of material allowing a very flexible adjustment of the interaction that can lead to melting, vaporization, or just surface modification. Nowadays laser systems can be found in nearly all branches of research and industry for numerous applications. Sufficient evidence exists in the literature to suggest that further advancements in the field of laser material processing will rely significantly on the development of new process schemes. As a result they can be applied in various applications starting from fundamental research on systems, materials and processes performed on a scientific and technical basis for the industrial needs. The interaction of intense laser radiation with solid surfaces has extensively been studied for many years, in part, for development of possible applications. In this thesis, I present several applications of laser processing of metals and polymers including polishing niobium surface, producing a superconducting phase niobium nitride and depositing thin films of niobium nitride and organic material (cyclic olefin copolymer). The treated materials were examined by scanning electron microscopy (SEM), electron probe microanalysis (EPMA), atomic force microscopy (AFM), high resolution optical microscopy, surface profilometry. Fourier transform infrared spectroscopy (FTIR) and x-ray diffraction (XRD). Power spectral density (PSD) spectra computed from AFM data gives further insight into the effect of laser melting on the topography of the treated niobium

A comparison of moral literary women's two epic women's moral singing

Man has better thinking capacity than other beings. Today he does not remember what happened yesterday and leads to life. In course of time, he writes down the true experiences he has witnessed in the book. The books containing the experiences thus written are the books of ethics. These scriptures teach the morality, civilization, culture, good habits and ethics of life of the people. The books which deal with the principles of ethics in the eighteen lower 18 accounts are the books of ethics. The twin epics Silappathakaram and Manimekalai arose during the dark ages when the scriptures arose. Domesticity, hospitality, domestic work, compassion, and appreciation of love are compared and examined in the ethics of the women of moral literature and the double epic women

Bio-ethanol production by marine yeasts isolated from coastal mangrove sediment

This study analyzed ethanol production by 10 marine strains of yeasts, isolated from mangrove sediments. Of the species tested, Pichia salcaria exhibited the maximum ethanol production of 12.3±3.1 g/l. This was further studied in the culture filtrate supplemented with different concentrations (0.01, 0.1, 1, 2 and 4% w/v) of sawdust as substrate that was pre-processed with phosphoric acid, and then incubated for different durations (24,48,72, 96 and 120 h). The ethanol production by P. salcaria was found maximum (26.2±8.9 g/l) in 72 hours of fermentation in the culture broth supplemented with 2% sawdust that was preprocessed with dilute phosphoric acid. This condition of fermentation was found coincided with high activity cell ase in the cul ure broth, which also revealed a single prominent protein band of 68 kDa molecular weight, similar to cellulase. The study proved the efficiency of marine P. salcaria in bioethanol production

Optimization of friction stir welding parameters for magnesium alloy AZ91D using Taguchi design

Friction stir welding of magnesium alloy, AZ91D casting materials has been welded and their tensile strength is investigated. Evaluation of FSW process parameters such as tool rotational speed, welding speed and axial force on tensile strength was carried out using Taguchi parametric design and optimization approach. Optimized process parameters are established using ANOVA technique and the percentage contribution of process parameters are also determined.Досліджували зварювання тертям з перемішуванням (FSW) магнієвих сплавів, литих матеріалів AZ91D та вивчали їх границю міцності на розрив. Оцінювали параметри процесу FSW, а саме: швидкість обертання інструменту, швидкість зварювання та дію осьового навантаження на границю міцності на розрив, використовуючи пристрій Тагучі, та оптимізаційний підхід. Оптимізацію параметрів проводили за методикою ANOVA та із врахуванням процентного внеску параметрів процесу.Исследовали сварку трением с перемешиванием (FSW) магниевых сплавов, литых материалов AZ91D и изучали их предел прочности на разрыв. Оценивали параметры процесса FSW, а именно: скорость вращения инструмента, скорость сварки и действие осевой нагрузки на предел прочности на разрыв, используя установку Тагучи, и оптимизационный подход. Оптимизацию параметров проводили по методике ANOVA и с учетом процентного взноса параметров процесса

SURFACE DEFECT HARD TURNING OF AISI 4340 STEEL

AISI 4340 medium carbon (.4% C) high strength martensitic steel can be used to create critical components in aerospace engineering, automotive transmissions, like the output of bearings, gears, shafts and cams which require tighter geometric tolerances, longer service existence and good surface finish. The ever growing interest in enhanced surface quality and tighter geometric tolerances on such items has resulted in a huge number of researches in. One key outcome continues to be the refinement of the machining method referred to as hard turning (HT). HT is really a material removal process which utilizes just one point cutting oral appliance high speeds to machine ferrous alloys that exhibit hardness values over 45 HRC. The standard method of processing hard steel involves a recognized sequence of procedures i.e. developing, annealing, rough cutting, heat treatment and grinding, which consume quite a lot of cost and time. Hence, new approach to machining known as Surface Defect machining suggested and examined experimentally to locate best optimum parameters for available conditions to acquire better surface finish and also to reduce machining pressure. Machining pressure reduction works well for growing the tool existence. Taguchi method and Gray Relation Analysis method are utilized to find best combination and comparison of ordinary hard turning and Surface Defect hard turning is completed. Machining sequence follows developing, rough cutting, heat treatment and finished cutting. Simple approach to making surface defect is transported in this experiment

Temperature Mediated Interactions between the Aggressiveness of Phytophthoradrechsleri f. sp. Cajani and Activity of Defense Enzymes in Pigeonpea

A pigeonpea field survey was conducted during the year 2010–2013 in the semi-arid tropics of India (Andhra Pradesh, Karnataka and Maharashtra), where the temperature is usually high. Phytophthora blight (PB) of pigeonpea caused by Phytophthoradrechslerif.sp. cajani (Pdc) was widespread in all the surveyed areas irrespective of cultivars sown and disease incidence varied between 5–60%.Therefore, the objective of the study was to study the effect of range of temperatures (15–40 °C) on the PB development and on the activity of plant defense enzymes. Under controlled environment studies, we found that disease appeared in all the temperatures with varied incubation period (IP). At higher temperatures (30, 35 and 40 °C), IP was 32, 26 and 18 hours, however at 25, 20 and 15 °C, disease was delayed with an IP of 63, 126 and 225 hours, respectively. To further understand the host, pathogen and environment interactions, biochemical analysis of defense enzymes viz., phenylalanine ammonia lyase, peroxidase, polyphenoloxidase and catalase was studied at all temperatures after 0, 24, 48, 72 and 96 hours of inoculation. Activity of defense enzymes in inoculated plants increased progressively at temperatures 25–40 °C during the infection process and then a decline was noticed after the disease progressed. However, at lower temperatures, significant difference was not found in inoculated and uninoculated plants. This study depicts the aggressiveness of Pdcat higher temperatures and will be useful in further strengthening the crop protection practices to mitigate the effect of climate change on plant diseases

First report of Fusarium acuminatum on pigeonpea in India

Pigeonpea (Cajanus cajan (L.) Millsp.) is the most important protein rich grain legume crop being cultivated worldwide. During surveys (2010-2012) conducted in major pigeonpea growing states in southern and central India (Andhra Pradesh, Karnataka and Maharashtra), rapid mortality of pigeonpea plants was observed. This occurred in all of the surveyed areas with disease incidence of 20-60% irrespective of cultivars and crop growth stage. Symptoms included chlorosis, drooping and rolling of the leaves followed by rapid mortality of whole plant. Pinkish growth on infected stems and branches was observed and inner layer of the infected stem had brown discoloration. Xylem vessels of the infected plants were healthy and did not show any blackening. Isolations from infected stem tissues consistently yielded cultures of Fusarium sp. on potato dextrose agar (PDA) medium. Monoconidial isolation from three separate isolates was used to establish pure cultures. The morphological characters of the fungus were consistent with descriptions in Fusarium keys (1) for Fusarium acuminatum (Ellis & Everhart). The mean colony growth was 86 mm after 7 days; with white aerial mycelium, developing brownish pigmentation in the center on PDA. The dorsal side of the colony had rose to burgundy pigmentation. Macroconidia were broadly falcate with 3-5 septa, and 3 to 8 × 39 to 64 µm. Microconidia were absent and chlamydospores formed in chains, 20 to 50 µm. Koch’s postulates were established on seedlings of pigeonpea (cv. ICP 7119) using root dip inoculation of 10-day old seedlings. The roots were immersed in a conidial suspension (6×106 conidia/ml) for 2-3 minutes; the control plants roots immersed in sterilized distilled water in beaker. Inoculated seedlings were transplanted into pre-irrigated pots (12 cm) containing sterilized vertisol and sand (3:1). Five seedlings were used for each of 3 replications. Inoculated plants were kept in the greenhouse at 28±2°C and irrigated with sterilized water. Inoculated plants developed symptoms identical to those observed in the field and disease incidence reached 100% within 96 hours after inoculation. Experiment was conducted twice with two independent sets of plants. No symptoms were observed in water-inoculated control plants. The rDNA internal transcribed spacer (ITS sequence) was amplified with ITS1 and ITS4 primers (2). The amplicons of both forward and reverse (438 bp) were sequenced and submitted to GenBank (Accession no. JX177431). A BLASTn search revealed 100% sequence similarity to the nucleotide sequence of Fusarium acuminatum (Ellis & Everhart) (GenBank Accession no. HQ 443205). To our knowledge, this is the first report with confirmed molecular identification of F. acuminatum on pigeonpea. Occurrence of F. acuminatum on various plant species have been reported by Summerell et al. (3). Presence of F. acuminatum from soils of pigeonpea fields have been reported, however, no information on location, symptoms, plant mortality and identification of pathogen has been provided (4)

Novel strains of a pandemic plant virus, tomato spotted wilt orthotospovirus, increase vector fitness and modulate virus transmission in a resistant host

Tomato spotted wilt orthotospovirus (TSWV) is one of the most successful pandemic agricultural pathogens transmitted by several species of thrips in a persistent propagative manner. Current management strategies for TSWV heavily rely on growing single-gene resistant cultivars of tomato (“Sw-5b” gene) and pepper (“Tsw” gene) deployed worldwide. However, the emergence of resistance-breaking strains (RB) in recent years has compounded the threat of TSWV to agricultural production worldwide. Despite this, an extensive study on the thrips transmission biology of RB strains is currently lacking. It is also unclear whether mutualistic TSWV-thrips interactions vary across different novel strains with disparate geographical origins. To address both critical questions, we studied whether and how four novel RB strains of TSWV (two sympatric and two allopatric), along with a non-RB strain, impact western flower thrips (WFT) fitness and whether this leads to differences in TSWV incidence, symptom severity (virulence), and virus accumulation in two differentially resistant tomato cultivars. Our findings show that all RB strains increased WFT fitness by prolonging the adult period and increasing fecundity compared to non-RB and non-viruliferous controls, regardless of the geographical origin of strains or the TSWV titers in individual thrips, which were substantially low in allopatric strains. TSWV accumulation in thrips varied at different developmental stages and was unrelated to the infected tissues from which thrips acquired the virus. However, it was significantly positively correlated to that in WFT-inoculated susceptible plants, but not the resistant ones. The TSW incidences were high in tomato plants infected with all RB strains, ranging from 80% to 90% and 100% in resistant and susceptible plants, respectively. However, TSW incidence in the non-RB-infected susceptible tomato plants was 80%. Our findings provide new insights into how novel strains of TSWV, by selectively offering substantial fitness benefits to vectors, modulate transmission and gain a potential epidemiological advantage over non-RB strains. This study presents the first direct evidence of how vector-imposed selection pressure, besides the one imposed by resistant cultivars, may contribute to the worldwide emergence of RB strains