Developing data mart using extraction, transformation and loading

This project is organized to develop the sales data mart for the purpose of reporting data. Data warehouses support online analytical processing applications by gathering the data from various kinds of source information in a multidimensional format. Developing this strategic information can be done with the ETL, which means Extract, Transform and Loading. ETL functions reshape the relevant data from source systems into useful information to be stored in the data warehouse or data marts. The successful deployment of the sales data mart allowed the creation of a user interface that permits users to make strategic decisions. The reports can help in analyzing how the company\u27s products are being sold, such as top ten customers and products, sales details, etc. Overall, data mart improves navigation capabilities and generally more accessible to end users

Antiulcer, wound healing and hepatoprotective activities of the seaweeds Gracilaria crassa, Turbinaria ornata and Laurencia papillosa from the southeast coast of India

Seaweeds have bioactive compounds of interest in the pharmaceutical industry. In India, seaweeds are used exclusively for phycocolloids production and have not yet received consideration as a dietary supplement. So, it has become imperative to explore the biomedical potential of seaweeds and promote their utilization as a functional food. The seaweeds Turbinaria ornata, Gracillaria crassa and Laurencia papillosa, collected from the Tuticorin coast of the Southeast coast of India and selected based on preliminary screening, were extracted with acetone and evaluated for antiulcer, wound healing and hepatoprotective activities. L. papillosa showed the highest level of gastric protection activity (81%) at 200 mg/kg, comparable to the standard drug ranitidine (90%). G. crassa followed with 76%. G. crassa and L. papillosa, showed marked wound-healing activity. G. crassa at 200 mg/kg, showed a marked effect on the serum marker enzymes indicating prominent hepatoprotective activity. The noteworthy wound-healing and hepato-protective properties of G. crassa besides anti-ulcer activity next to L. papillosa were indicative of its potential for further consideration.Algas marinhas possuem compostos bioativos de interesse para a indústria farmacêutica. Na Índia, as algas marinhas são usadas exclusivamente para a produção de ficocolóides e ainda não receberam a consideração como um suplemento dietético. Assim, tornou-se imperativo explorar o potencial biomédico de algas e promover a sua utilização como alimento funcional. As algas marinhas Turbinaria ornata, Gracillaria crassa e Laurencia papillosa, coletadas de Tuticorin, na costa sudeste da Índia, e selecionadas com base em triagem preliminar, foram extraídas com acetona e avaliadas quanto à atividade antiúlcera, de cicatrização de feridas e de hepatoproteção. L. papillosa mostrou o mais alto nível da atividade de proteção gástrica (81%) na dose de 200 mg/kg, comparável ao fármaco padrão, ranitidina (90%). G. crassa mostrou atividade de 76%. G. crassa e L. papillosa mostrou atividade martcante na cicatrização de feridas. G. Crassa, a 200 mg/kg, mostrou efeito alto sobre o marcador sérico das enzimas, indicando atividade hepatoprotetora proeminente. A notável cura de feridas e as propriedades hepatoprotetoras de G. Crassa, além da atividade antiúlcera, próxima da L. Papillosa, foram indicativos do seu potencial para uma análise mais aprofundada

Use of Stops as a Prognostic Indicator of Outcome of New Born Babies admitted in NICU

INTRODUCTION: NEONATAL PERIOD: Newborn or Neonatal period is counted from birth up to 28 days of life. Early neonatal period accounts to first 7 days or 168 hours of life whereas late neonatal period extends from 7 days to under 28 completed days of life. GESTATIONAL AGE AND BIRTH WEIGHT CLASSIFICATION: As for as possible Neonates should be classified by gestational age, because this is more meaningful than that based on birth weight. GESTATIONAL AGE CLASSIFICATION: 1.Assessment will be based on first day of the last menstrual period And ultrasonic estimation.3 2. The modified Dubowitz(Ballard) examination for newborns may be useful in confirming or supplementing gestational age estimation. 3.Infant can be classified by post menstrual age as follows a)preterm: less than 37 completed weeks(259 days) b)term: 37 to less than 42 completed weeks(260-294 days) c)post –term: 42 weeks (295 days) or more d)late preterm is recently emerging classification referring to subgroups of infants between 34 and 38 weeks gestation. AIM OF THE STUDY: The aim and objective of the study is to assess the usefulness of the indigenously developed simple cheap and easy to perform physiological scoring system “STOPS” in estimating the prognostic accuracy of the outcome of babies admitted in our NICU. Study design Prospective analytical study Setting 20 bedded secondary care referral NICU of Govt. chengalpattu medical college hospital located in chengalpattu Study period 4 months (march 2012 to june 2012) DISCUSSION: Though STOPS score was useful in predicting the outcome of the babies admitted in NICUs, at the end of our study we found that the prognostic accuracy was limited by the following factors in our study. This study was done in a level 2 NICU . The sample size was 771 with most of the babies admitted in a more stable physiological status with the mean STOPS score of 1.08, median of 0 and standard deviation of 1.601. our study included all the babies admitted in our newborn care unit including those babies admitted for observation , preterm or low birth weight babies for care, neonatal depression, meconium stained babies for observation. In future, larger multicentric trials with larger sample size, including babies needing level 3 NICU care, will certainly establish the prognostic accuracy of the STOPS score. In addition we also observed that if STOPS score is extended giving weightage for gestational age and birth weight the prognostic accuracy can further be improved. CONCLUSION : STOPS is a useful scoring system in predicting the outcome of the babies admitted in NICUs. In our study it has been observed that in overall a STOPS score of 3 or more is a good predictor of the death of the babies admitted in NICU. The ROC curve including all babies showed that the best cut off value for predicting the non survival status ( death ) was a score of 3 or more with the area under the curve being 0.955 .Its sensitivity was 87.5% with lower and upper (95%) confidence intervals 77.23, 93.53 , specificity was 91.41% with lower and upper (95%) confidence intervals 88.98,93.34 , positive predictive value was 50.45% with lower and upper (95%) confidence intervals 41.29, 59.58 and negative predictive value was 98.65% with lower and upper (95%) confidence intervals 97.36 , 99.31. its diagnostic accuracy in predicting death was 91.05% with lower and upper (95%) confidence intervals 88.91 ,92.94. Coming to the term babies the observations were similar. . The ROC curve for term babies showed that the best cut off value for predicting the non survival status ( death ) was a score of 3 or more with the area under the curve being 0.962 ts sensitivity was 93.94% with lower and upper (95%) confidence intervals 80.39 ,98.32 specificity was 92.28% with lower and upper (95%) confidence intervals 89.62 ,94.30 positive predictive value was 44.29% with lower and upper (95%) confidence intervals 33.25,55.92 and negative predictive value was 99.57% with lower and upper (95%) confidence intervals 89.82,94.33 . its diagnostic accuracy in predicting death was 92.38% with lower and upper (95%) confidence intervals 89.92 , 94.33. The ROC curve for preterm babies showed that the best cut off value for predicting the non survival status ( death ) was a score of 2 or more with the area under the curve being 0.939 .Its sensitivity was 96.77% with lower and upper (95%) confidence intervals 83.81,99.43 , specificity was 77.04% with lower and upper (95%) confidence intervals 69.25, 83.32 , positive predictive value was 49.18% with lower and upper (95%) confidence intervals 37.06, 61.40 and negative predictive value was 99.05% with lower and upper (95%) confidence intervals 94.8, 99.83 . its diagnostic accuracy in predicting death was 80.72% with lower and upper (95%) confidence intervals 74.05, 86.0. The ROC curve for very low birth weight babies showed that the best cut off value for predicting the non survival status ( death ) was a score of 3 or more with the area under the curve being 0.993 .Its sensitivity was 100% with lower and upper (95%) confidence intervals 70.08, 100 , specificity was 93.75% with lower and upper (95%) confidence intervals 71.67, 98.89 , positive predictive value was 90% with lower and upper (95%) confidence intervals 59.58, 98.21 and negative predictive value was 100% with lower and upper (95%) confidence intervals 79.61, 100 . its diagnostic accuracy in predicting death was 96% with lower and upper (95%) confidence intervals 80.46, 99.29. The ROC curve for low birth weight babies showed that the best cut off value for predicting the non survival status ( death ) was a score of 2 or more with the area under the curve being 0.923 .Its sensitivity was 93.33% with lower and upper (95%) confidence intervals 78.68, 98.15 , specificity was 74.63% with lower and upper (95%) confidence intervals 68.19, 80.14 , positive predictive value was 35.44% with lower and upper (95%) confidence intervals 25.80,46.44 and negative predictive value was 98.68% with lower and upper (95%) confidence intervals 95.33, 99.64 . its diagnostic accuracy in predicting death was 77.06% with lower and upper (95%) confidence intervals 71.22,82.01. The ROC curve for normal birth weight babies showed that the best cut off value for predicting the non survival status ( death ) was a score of 3 or more with the area under the curve being 0.973 .Its sensitivity was 100% with lower and upper (95%) confidence intervals 86.68, 100 , specificity was 91.96% with lower and upper (95%) confidence intervals 88.98, 94.19 , positive predictive value was 42.37% with lower and upper (95%) confidence intervals 30.67, 55.07 and negative predictive value was 100% with lower and upper (95%) confidence intervals 99.02, 100 . its diagnostic accuracy in predicting death was 92.41% with lower and upper (95%) confidence intervals 89.58, 94.52. Statistical analysis using simple (uni variate logistic regression ) showed that all the individual variables gestational age( p value.001), birth weight (p value .001) , sensorium( p value .001) ,temperature( p value .001) ,oxygenation status( p values .013 for score 1 and .001 for score 2) , perfusion( p value .001) ,and sugar levels ( p values .007 for score 1 and, 0.001 for score 2) had significant effect on neonatal mortality with p values < 0.05 Statistical analysis with multi variate logistic regression showed that the variables birth weight( p values .011 for VLBW babies and .008 for LBW babies ), sensorium( p values .001 ) perfusion ( p value .036 )and Oxygenation status( p value .001 for score of 2) had statistically signicant effects on the mortality of the babies whereas gestational age, temperature, and sugar levels did not have statistically significant effects on the mortality of the babies. From the above statistical analytic results it can be concluded that STOPS score is a useful tool in predicting the outcome of the babies admitted in NICUs

Pre Grow-out Rearing Systems in Farming Operations

Marine finfish production is a promising industry all over the world and has significantly increased over the years and currently accounts for 394,580 tonnes, valued at nearly US$ 512 million, with China being the largest producer (FAO, 2009). Currently, salmons are the dominant species of temperate waters for cage culture. Tropical marine finfish cage culture is relatively new but is expanding, particularly in Asia. Marine finfifsh species like cobia, grouper, pompano, snappers, seabreams and seabass represent the major potential candidate finfish species for mariculture in Asian countries. In India, the production of marine finfish through aquaculture has started from 2003 onwards and gradually being increased by the introduction of several species of marine finfish having great potential in International market. Cage culture in India has been initiated by Central Marine Fisheries Research Institute, Govt. of India during 2007 by introduction of high value marine finfsihes and could succeed in large scale production of Asian seabass, cobia, grouper, pompano and snappers. In order to scale up the culture activities all over India and commercialization of the cage industry, availability of fish seed and also rearing them upto stockable size in cages is the most essential part before introducing into cages

Clinical Significance of an Unusual Variation : Anomalous additional belly of the sternothyroid muscle

The infrahyoid muscles are involved in vocalisation and swallowing; among these, the sternothyroid muscle is derived from the common primitive sheet. The improper differentiation of this muscle may therefore result in morphological variations. We report an unusual variation found during the dissection of a 65-year-old male cadaver at the Sri Manakula Vinayagar Medical College, Madagadipet, Pondicherry, India, in 2015. An anomalous belly of the right sternothyroid muscle was observed between the internal jugular (IJ) vein and the internal carotid artery with an additional insertion into the tympanic plate and petrous part of the temporal bone and the presence of a levator glandulae thyroideae muscle. The anomalous muscle may compress the IJ vein if it is related to the neurovascular structures of neck; hence, knowledge of variations of the infrahyoid muscles can aid in the evaluation of IJ vein compression among patients with idiopathic symptoms resulting from venous congestion

Protecting Children from Harmful Audio Content: Automated Profanity Detection From English Audio in Songs and Social-Media

A novel approach for the automated detection of profanity in English audio songs using machine learning techniques. One of the primary drawbacks of existing systems is only confined to textual data. The proposed method utilizes a combination of feature extraction techniques and machine learning algorithms to identify profanity in audio songs. Specifically, the approach employs the popular feature extraction techniques of Term frequency–inverse document frequency (TF-IDF), Bidirectional Encoder Representations from Transformers (BERT) and Doc2vec to extract relevant features from the audio songs. TF-IDF is used to capture the frequency and importance of each word in the song, while BERT is utilized to extract contextualized representations of words that can capture more nuanced meanings. To capture the semantic meaning of words in audio songs, also explored the use of the Doc2Vec model, which is a neural network-based approach that can extract relevant features from the audio songs. The study utilizes Open Whisper, an open-source machine learning library, to develop and implement the approach. A dataset of English audio songs was used to evaluate the performance of the proposed method. The results showed that both the TF-IDF and BERT models outperformed the Doc2Vec model in terms of accuracy in identifying profanity in English audio songs. The proposed approach has potential applications in identifying profanity in various forms of audio content, including songs, audio clips, social media, reels, and shorts

Optical quality ZnSe films and low loss waveguides on Si substrates for mid-infrared applications

Zinc Selenide (ZnSe) is a promising mid-infrared waveguide material with high refractive index and wide transparency. Optical quality ZnSe thin films were deposited on silicon substrates by RF sputtering and thermal evaporation, and characterized and compared for material and optical properties. Evaporated films were found to be denser and smoother than sputtered films. Rib waveguides were fabricated from these films and evaporated films exhibited losses as low as 0.6 dB/cm at wavelengths between 2.5 µm and 3.7 µm. The films were also used as isolation/lower cladding layers on Si with GeTe4 as the waveguide core and propagation losses were determined in this wavelength range

EXPERIMENTAL AND MATHEMATICAL INVESTIGATION ON PERFORMANCE AND EMISSION CHARACTERISTICS OF OXYGEN ENRICHED AIR IN INTAKE OF A SINGLE CYLINDER DIESEL ENGINE

This  research revealed  that the  single cylinder diesel  engine performance and  emission   characteristics are improved by the oxygen content enriched  intake air and was varied between 21% to 27 % (ie., 21,23,25,27%  by the volume). The effects of enriched oxygen with different loads are analyzed in terms of brake thermal efficiency, specific fuel consumption, and also the environmental pollutant like NOx, CO, HC and Smoke. The   mathematical experiment were designed using a statistical tool know as design expert based on response surface modeling. Using RSM to predict the response parameter like brake thermal efficiency, brake specific fuel consumption, carbon monoxide, hydrocarbon, nitrogen oxides and smoke. Optimization of the input and response parameters is also done using desirability approach. Finally a software tool is developed using LabVIEW software for predicting engine parameters when the engine input parameters are given