Comparison of Review of Annoying Memories, Negative Automatic Thoughts, and Emotional Balance in Girls with and without Premenstrual Dysphoric Disorder (PMDD)

The purpose of the present study is to compare review of annoying memories, negative automatic thoughts, and emotional balance in female university students with and without premenstrual dysphoric disorder (PMDD). The method of this study is purposive and comparative-causal. The statistical population consists of 360 female students studying in the academic year 2019-2020 at Ardabil Farhangian University. From this statistical population, 60 female students were selected as the research sample. From the undergraduate students of Ardabil Farhangian University, 30 students with PMDD symptoms and 30 students without PMDD symptoms were selected by simple random sampling. Intervention Response Questionnaire (IRQ), Automatic Thought Questionnaire (ATQ) and Emotional Balance Scape (ABS) were used for data collection. The data were analyzed using descriptive statistics and multivariate analysis of variance (MANOVA) and SPSS 25 software. The results of this study showed that the mean scores of negative interpretation (F = 42.283), subjective rumination (F = 57.397), displacement (F = 6.743), grief (F = 84.09), negative automatic thoughts (F = 20.911), and negative affective balance (F = 11/692) were higher in PMDD patients than in normal people, and that positive affective balance (F = 7.057) was lower than in normal people (p < 0.001). Thus, it is concluded that there is a difference between people with PMDD in disturbing memories, automatic thoughts, and emotional balance and people without PMDD. These results can be used to treat and alleviate the severity of symptoms in these patients

Investigation the Role of Personality Characteristics and Loneliness in Predicting Nomophobia in Students

The purpose of this study was to investigate the role of personality characteristics and loneliness in prediction of nomophobia among university students. The method of this research was applied, descriptive and cross-sectional analysis. The statistical population of this study included all of students of Payam-e-Noor University in Zanjan City, in 1396-97 academic year. The sample was comprised of 373 participants selected using the random sampling method (117 male participants and 256 female participants. To achieve the research objectives, the Five Neo Factors (NEO-FFI) questionnaire, the Loneliness Questionnaire (SELSA), and Nomophobia Questionnaire (NMPQ) were used. The collected data were analyzed using regression analyses. The results showed that there was a positive and significant correlation between extraversion, agreeableness, neuroticism, loneliness, and nomophobia (p<%1); however, the relationship between openness and nomophobia was not significant. Also, the results indicated that 15 percent of total variance of nomophobia in the use of mobile phones was predicted by loneliness and personality characteristics, meaning that loneliness and personality traits seemed to increase nomophobia symptoms in students

Antiproliferative and Antimetastatic Properties of 16-Azidomethyl Substituted 3-O-Benzyl Estrone Analogs

Four diastereomers of 16-azidomethyl substituted 3-O-benzyl estradiol (1–4) and their two estrone analogs (16AABE and 16BABE) were tested for their antiproliferative properties against human gynecological cancer cell lines. The estrones were selected for additional experiments based on their outstanding cell growth-inhibiting activities. Both compounds increased hypodiploid populations of breast cancer cells, and 16AABE elicited cell cycle disturbance as evidenced by flow cytometry. The two analogs substantially increased the rate of tubulin polymerization in vitro. 16AABE and 16BABE inhibited breast cancer cells’ migration and invasive ability, as evidenced by wound healing and Boyden chamber assays. Since both estrone analogs exerted remarkable estrogenic activities, as documented by a luciferase reporter gene assay, they can be considered as promising drug candidates for hormone-independent malignancies

Infections in Neurosurgery and Their Management

Surgical site and postoperative infections are common problems in surgical wards and treating them can be challenging and very complicated. It is important to understand different types of postoperative infections and their best management. In this chapter we try to emphasis on infections which are occurring in neurosurgical units and how to approach them. Foreign body infection is another challenge that happens in neurosurgical units, and it is vital to recognize these infections in time and start the treatment as soon as possible. Atypical infections occurrence is low therefore this problem is not addressed often in textbooks or in the literature, therefore atypical infections will be discussed in this chapter too. By discussing the most common postoperative complications and their best management profile, the authors here will try to widen the perspective of readers on infections in neurosurgical units in order to understand this problem better. Untreated infections or poorly treated infections can lead to sepsis and catastrophic results

Pigments of the Moss Paraleucobryum longifolium: Isolation and Structure Elucidation of Prenyl-Substituted 8,8′-Linked 9,10-Phenanthrenequinone Dimers

In a search for new secondary metabolites from mosses, leucobryns A−E, axially chiral 9,10-phenanthrenequinone dimers, were isolated from Paraleucobryum longifolium (1−5), together with diosmetin triglycoside. Leucobryns B (2) and C (3) were proved to be homodimeric atropodiastereomers containing both axial and central chirality elements, while leucobryns D (4) and E (5) were found to be heterodimeric atropodiastereomers containing central chirality in only one of the two monomeric units. Axial chirality of the compounds was determined by ECD measurements and sTDA ECD calculations, while the central chirality elements were assigned by TDDFT-SOR calculations. Leucobryns represent the first 9,10-phenanthrenequinone dimers, the monomers of which are linked through their C-8 atoms. Leucobryns B−E contain an uncommon C10 monoterpenoid side chain, in which isoprenoid units are joined by 3,4 linkages. Leucobryns A and B exhibited weak antiproliferative activity against several human cancer cell lines

Effectiveness of music therapy in state-trait anxiety rate of addicts in drug-free rehabilitation stage

Objective: This study was an attempt to investigate the effect of music therapy on addicts&rsquo; state-trait anxiety rate in the stage of drug-free rehabilitation. Method: A quasi-experimental research design, along with pretest-posttest and control group was employed for the conduct of this study. The statistical population of the study included the addicts in the rehabilitation stage who had referred to the clean collaborators rehabilitation camp in Ardebil province in November 2014. From this population, the number of 32 addicts in 16-50-year-old age range was selected as the participants of the study by convenience sampling method. State-Trait Anxiety Inventory was used for data collection. Results: The results of multivariate covariant analysis showed that there is a significant difference between control and experimental groups in state and trait anxiety. In other words, the state and trait anxiety of addicts in the experimental group had been reduced after music therapy. Conclusion: Considering the obtained results, it can be concluded that music therapy alone or along other psychological interventions can be an effective method for reducing addicts&rsquo; anxiety in drug-free rehabilitation stage