29,140 research outputs found
Mapping the information-coping trajectory of young people coping with long term illness: An evidence based approach
Purpose - Purpose: We explore the relationship between information and coping information from the experiences of young people coping with long term illness.
Design/methodology/approach - Methodology: Situational Analysis was used as a methodological approach. It has roots in the Chicago Symbolic Interactionism School. Cartographic approaches enabled the analysis, mapping the complexities emerging from the data.
Findings - Findings: As the young people became more informed about their health conditions, and gained knowledge and understanding both about their illnesses, their own bodies and boundaries, their confidence and capacity to cope increased. Gaining confidence, the young people often wanted to share their knowledge becoming information providers themselves. From the data we identified five positions on an information-coping trajectory (1) Information deficiency (2) Feeling ill-informed (3) Needing an injection of information (4) Having information health and (5) Becoming an information donor.
Research limitations/implications - Research limitations/implications: The research was limited to an analysis of thirty narratives. The research contributes to information theory by mapping clearly the relationship between information and coping.
Originality/value - Originality/value: The information theories in this study have originality and multi-disciplinary value in the management of health and illness, and information studies
Type IIA Dual of the Six-Dimensional CHL Compactification
We propose a candidate for the dual (in the weak/strong coupling sense) of
the six-dimensional heterotic string compactification constructed recently by
Chaudhuri, Hockney and Lykken. It is a type IIA string theory compactified on
an orbifold , where the action involves an involution of
with fixed points, and also has an embedding in the U(1) gauge group associated
with the Ramond-Ramond sector of the type IIA string theory. This introduces
flux of the U(1) gauge field concentrated at the orbifold points. This
construction provides an explicit example where the dual of a super-conformal
field theory background of the heterotic string theory is not a standard
super-conformal field theory background of the type IIA string theory.Comment: LaTeX file, 10 page
CRAB Cavity in CERN SPS
Beam collisions with a crossing angle at the interaction point have been
applied in high intensity colliders to reduce the effects of parasitic
collisions which induce emittance growth and beam lifetime deterioration. The
crossing angle causes the geometrical reduction of the luminosity. Crab cavity
can be one of the most promising ways to compensate the crossing angle and to
realize effective head-on collisions. Moreover, the crab crossing mitigates the
synchro-betatron resonances due to the crossing angle. Crab cavity experiment
in SPS is proposed for deciding on a full crab-cavity implementation in LHC. In
this paper, we investigate the effects of crab crossing on beam dynamics and
its life time with the global scheme.Comment: 3 pp. 1st International Particle Accelerator Conference: IPAC'10,
23-28 May 2010: Kyoto, Japa
Background Independent Algebraic Structures in Closed String Field Theory
We construct a Batalin-Vilkovisky (BV) algebra on moduli spaces of Riemann
surfaces. This algebra is background independent in that it makes no reference
to a state space of a conformal field theory. Conformal theories define a
homomorphism of this algebra to the BV algebra of string functionals. The
construction begins with a graded-commutative free associative algebra \C
built from the vector space whose elements are orientable subspaces of moduli
spaces of punctured Riemann surfaces. The typical element here is a surface
with several connected components. The operation of sewing two
punctures with a full twist is shown to be an odd, second order derivation that
squares to zero. It follows that (\C, \Delta) is a Batalin-Vilkovisky
algebra. We introduce the odd operator , where
is the boundary operator. It is seen that , and that
consistent closed string vertices define a cohomology class of . This
cohomology class is used to construct a Lie algebra on a quotient space of
\C. This Lie algebra gives a manifestly background independent description of
a subalgebra of the closed string gauge algebra.Comment: phyzzx.tex, MIT-CTP-234
Geometry versus Entanglement in Resonating Valence Bond Liquids
We investigate the behavior of bipartite as well as genuine multipartite
entanglement of a resonating valence bond state on a ladder. We show that the
system possesses significant amounts of bipartite entanglement in the steps of
the ladder while no substantial bipartite entanglement is present in the rails.
Genuine multipartite entanglement present in the system is negligible. The
results are in stark contrast with the entanglement properties of the same
state on isotropic lattices in two and higher dimensions, indicating that the
geometry of the lattice can have important implications on the quality of
quantum information and other tasks that can be performed by using multiparty
states on that lattice.Comment: 6 pages, 8 figures, RevTeX
Cortical transformation of spatial processing for solving the cocktail party problem: a computational model(1,2,3).
In multisource, "cocktail party" sound environments, human and animal auditory systems can use spatial cues to effectively separate and follow one source of sound over competing sources. While mechanisms to extract spatial cues such as interaural time differences (ITDs) are well understood in precortical areas, how such information is reused and transformed in higher cortical regions to represent segregated sound sources is not clear. We present a computational model describing a hypothesized neural network that spans spatial cue detection areas and the cortex. This network is based on recent physiological findings that cortical neurons selectively encode target stimuli in the presence of competing maskers based on source locations (Maddox et al., 2012). We demonstrate that key features of cortical responses can be generated by the model network, which exploits spatial interactions between inputs via lateral inhibition, enabling the spatial separation of target and interfering sources while allowing monitoring of a broader acoustic space when there is no competition. We present the model network along with testable experimental paradigms as a starting point for understanding the transformation and organization of spatial information from midbrain to cortex. This network is then extended to suggest engineering solutions that may be useful for hearing-assistive devices in solving the cocktail party problem.R01 DC000100 - NIDCD NIH HHSPublished versio
Sen and the art of educational maintenance: evidencing a capability, as opposed to an effectiveness, approach to schooling
There are few more widely applied terms in common parlance than âcapabilityâ. It is used (inaccurately) to represent everything from the aspiration to provide opportunity to notions of innate academic ability, with everything in between claiming apostolic succession to Amartya Sen, who (with apologies to Aristotle) first developed the concept. This paper attempts to warrant an adaptation of Senâs capability theory to schooling and schooling policy, and to proof his concepts in the new setting using research involving 100 pupils from 5 English secondary schools and a schedule of questions derived from the capability literature. The findings suggest that a capability approach can provide an alternative to the dominant Benthamite school effectiveness paradigm, and can offer a sound theoretical framework for understanding better the assumed relationship between schooling and well-being
Black Hole Entropy Function and the Attractor Mechanism in Higher Derivative Gravity
We study extremal black hole solutions in D dimensions with near horizon
geometry AdS_2\times S^{D-2} in higher derivative gravity coupled to other
scalar, vector and anti-symmetric tensor fields. We define an entropy function
by integrating the Lagrangian density over S^{D-2} for a general AdS_2\times
S^{D-2} background, taking the Legendre transform of the resulting function
with respect to the parameters labelling the electric fields, and multiplying
the result by a factor of 2\pi. We show that the values of the scalar fields at
the horizon as well as the sizes of AdS_2 and S^{D-2} are determined by
extremizing this entropy function with respect to the corresponding parameters,
and the entropy of the black hole is given by the value of the entropy function
at this extremum. Our analysis relies on the analysis of the equations of
motion and does not directly make use of supersymmetry or specific structure of
the higher derivative terms.Comment: LaTeX file, 12page
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