11 research outputs found
IMPACT OF A MORE INTENSIVE INSECT PEST INFESTATION LEVEL ON COTTON PRODUCTION: TEXAS HIGH PLAINS
This study evaluated implications of increased bollworm problems in a 20-county area of the Texas High Plains relative to cotton yields and economic impact. Results did not indicate a serious effect of bollworms upon lint yield when insecticides were used for control. However, estimated annual reduction in farmer profit due to the bollworm for 1979-81 was over $30 million. Yields were estimated to decline about 300,000 bales without insecticide use and about 30,000 bales with insecticide use. This decline suggests potentially serious implications for the comparative economic position of cotton in this region if insecticide resistance were to develop among insect pests.Crop Production/Industries,
Randomized controlled trial of the effects of aerobic exercise on physical functioning and quality of life in lymphoma patients
Purpose
Lymphoma patients commonly experience declines in physical functioning and quality of life (QoL)
that may be reversed with exercise training.
Patients and Methods
We conducted a randomized controlled trial in Edmonton, Alberta, Canada, between 2005 and
2008 that stratified 122 lymphoma patients by major disease type and current treatment status
and randomly assigned them to usual care (UC; n 62) or 12 weeks of supervised aerobic
exercise training (AET; n 60). Our primary end point was patient-rated physical functioning
assessed by the Trial Outcome Index-Anemia. Secondary end points were overall QoL, psychosocial
functioning, cardiovascular fitness, and body composition.
Results
Follow-up assessment for our primary end point was 96% (117 of 122) at postintervention and
90% (110 of 122) at 6-month follow-up. Median adherence to the supervised exercise program
was 92%. At postintervention, AET was superior to UC for patient-rated physical functioning
(mean group difference, 9.0; 95% CI, 2.0 to 16.0; P .012), overall QoL (P .021), fatigue
(P .013), happiness (P .004), depression (P .005), general health (P .001), cardiovascular
fitness (P .001), and lean body mass (P .008). Change in peak cardiovascular fitness mediated
the change in patient-rated physical functioning. AET did not interfere with chemotherapy
completion rate or treatment response. At 6-month follow-up, AET was still borderline or
significantly superior to UC for overall QoL (P .054), happiness (P .034), and depression
(P .009) without an increased risk of disease recurrence/progression.
Conclusion
AET significantly improved important patient-rated outcomes and objective physical functioning in
lymphoma patients without interfering with medical treatments or response. Exercise training to
improve cardiovascular fitness should be considered in the management of lymphoma patients
Patient satisfaction with participation in a randomized exercise trial: Effects of randomization and a usual care posttrial exercise program
BackgroundParticipation in an exercise trial is a major commitment for cancer survivors, but few exercise trials have evaluated patient satisfaction with trial participation.PurposeTo examine patient satisfaction with participation in the Healthy Exercise for Lymphoma Patients (HELP) Trial and to explore possible determinants.MethodsThe HELP Trial randomized 122 lymphoma patients to 12 weeks of supervised aerobic exercise training (AET; n = 60) or to usual care (UC; n = 62), with the option of participating in a 4-week posttrial exercise program. At the 6-month follow-up assessment, participants evaluated their overall trial satisfaction.ResultsPersonal satisfaction with trial participation was strongly influenced by group assignment with participants randomized to AET reporting participation to be more rewarding (p < 0.001) and personally useful (p < 0.001) than participants randomized to UC. UC participants who completed the optional 4-week posttrial exercise program reported participation to be more rewarding (p = 0.008) and personally useful (p < 0.001) than UC participants who declined the program.LimitationsThe study is limited by the lack of a validated measure of participant satisfaction, and the fact that the offer of participation in the posttrial exercise program to the UC group was not randomized.ConclusionsLymphoma patients randomized to UC viewed it as less rewarding and personally useful despite being offered a 4-week posttrial exercise program. UC participants who completed the 4-week program reported personal satisfaction levels similar to the AET group; however, the causal direction of this association is unknown. Researchers should continue to evaluate participant satisfaction in exercise trials
IMPACT OF A MORE INTENSIVE INSECT PEST INFESTATION LEVEL ON COTTON PRODUCTION: TEXAS HIGH PLAINS
This study evaluated implications of increased bollworm problems in a 20-county area of the Texas High Plains relative to cotton yields and economic impact. Results did not indicate a serious effect of bollworms upon lint yield when insecticides were used for control. However, estimated annual reduction in farmer profit due to the bollworm for 1979-81 was over $30 million. Yields were estimated to decline about 300,000 bales without insecticide use and about 30,000 bales with insecticide use. This decline suggests potentially serious implications for the comparative economic position of cotton in this region if insecticide resistance were to develop among insect pests
International Perspectives in LIS Education: Global Education, Research, and Collaboration at the SJSU School of Information
The IFLA Trend Report identified five trends that will impact the information environment (IFLA, 2015), such as access to information with new technologies, online education for global learning, hyper-connected communities, and the global information environment. The faculty at San José State University (SJSU) School of Information (iSchool) is engaged in a wide range of activities that focus on these trends—benefiting students, enhancing faculty professional development, and extending the school’s impact on the global information environment. The importance of incorporating global perspectives in the curriculum to reflect changes in the way that communities around the world access and share information is the focus of numerous studies. The SJSU iSchool has been an early adopter of various practices to increase the range of international education, outreach, and research initiatives. This article provides examples of curricular, research, and collaborative projects that our faculty has developed, both for our students and for the global community of information professionals. Key initiatives presented include virtually abroad global projects, globalization of LIS curriculum, international LIS internships, international project-based learning, faculty professional development, and international collaborations. Collectively, these initiatives demonstrate the diverse ways the iSchool is addressing the need in higher education to reach across national borders, especially in the information field
Wealth Distribution in Off-Market Share Buybacks: The Effects of Corporate Governance and Institutional Ownership
Effects of supervised exercise on motivational outcomes and longer-term behaviour
Introduction: Supervised exercise may have positive effects on motivation and continued
exercise in cancer survivors, but few randomized controlled trials have examined this issue. Here, we report the motivational outcomes
and longer-term exercise behavior from the Healthy Exercise for Lymphoma Patients trial. Methods: Lymphoma patients were randomly
assigned to 12 wk of supervised aerobic exercise (SUP, n = 60) or usual care (UC, n = 62). Motivational outcomes from the theory
of planned behavior were assessed at baseline, after intervention, and at 6-month follow-up using standardized measures. Exercise
behavior was self-reported at baseline and 6-month follow-up using the Godin Leisure Time Exercise Questionnaire. Results: Data were
available from 95% of participants after intervention and 90% at 6-month follow-up. SUP attended a median of 92% of the supervised
exercise sessions. After intervention, SUP was superior to UC for intention (+0.41 (+0.09 to +0.72), P = 0.012) and perceived behavioral
control (+0.36 (+0.01 to +0.72), P = 0.047) and borderline superior for self-efficacy (+0.35 (j0.02 to +0.72), P = 0.060). At 6-month
follow-up, SUP reported significantly more exercise minutes compared with UC (+133 (+38 to +227), P = 0.006), and a higher
percentage of SUP participants were meeting public health exercise guidelines (+25.6% (+8.2% to +43.0%), P = 0.004). Path analysis
showed that perceived behavioral control partially mediated the effects of supervised exercise (group assignment) on exercise behavior
at 6-month follow-up (meeting exercise guidelines). Conclusions: Supervised exercise has motivational effects in lymphoma patients
and improves longer-term exercise behavior. Strategies to further enhance the motivational value of supervised exercise are warranted
Effects of Supervised Exercise on Motivational Outcomes and Longer-Term Behavior
This item is Closed AccessIntroduction: Supervised exercise may have positive effects on motivation and continued
exercise in cancer survivors, but few randomized controlled trials have examined this issue. Here, we report the motivational outcomes
and longer-term exercise behavior from the Healthy Exercise for Lymphoma Patients trial. Methods: Lymphoma patients were randomly
assigned to 12 wk of supervised aerobic exercise (SUP, n = 60) or usual care (UC, n = 62). Motivational outcomes from the theory
of planned behavior were assessed at baseline, after intervention, and at 6-month follow-up using standardized measures. Exercise
behavior was self-reported at baseline and 6-month follow-up using the Godin Leisure Time Exercise Questionnaire. Results: Data were
available from 95% of participants after intervention and 90% at 6-month follow-up. SUP attended a median of 92% of the supervised
exercise sessions. After intervention, SUP was superior to UC for intention (+0.41 (+0.09 to +0.72), P = 0.012) and perceived behavioral
control (+0.36 (+0.01 to +0.72), P = 0.047) and borderline superior for self-efficacy (+0.35 (j0.02 to +0.72), P = 0.060). At 6-month
follow-up, SUP reported significantly more exercise minutes compared with UC (+133 (+38 to +227), P = 0.006), and a higher
percentage of SUP participants were meeting public health exercise guidelines (+25.6% (+8.2% to +43.0%), P = 0.004). Path analysis
showed that perceived behavioral control partially mediated the effects of supervised exercise (group assignment) on exercise behavior
at 6-month follow-up (meeting exercise guidelines). Conclusions: Supervised exercise has motivational effects in lymphoma patients
and improves longer-term exercise behavior. Strategies to further enhance the motivational value of supervised exercise are warranted