Caracterização de Salmonella typhimurium isoladas de suínos no Rio Grande do Sul por fagotipificação, perfil de resistência a antimicrobianos e REP-PCR

02

Pesquisa de aglutininas anti-leptospira em cães clinicamente sadios e com suspeita clínica de leptospirose

09

Estudo longitudinal da infecção por Salmonella sp. em um sistema integrado de produção de suínos

08

Presença residual de coliformes totais e salmonella sp., em granjas de terminação de suínos após vazio sanitário.

Os procedimentos de limpeza e desinfecção são pontos chave na prevenção da contaminação por Salmonella sp. No entanto, pouco se conhece a respeito da eficácia de protocolos de limpeza e desinfecção adotados em granjas de terminação de suínos. Desta forma, este estudo teve como objetivo avaliar o nível de contaminação residual de Coliformes Totais e Salmonella sp. em granjas de terminação de suínos, e fazer um levantamento dos protocolos de manejo, instalações e práticas de desinfecção mais utilizados durante o período de vazio dessas granjas. Foram amostradas 71 granjas de terminação integradas a cinco agroindústrias, localizadas no Rio Grande do Sul. Em cada granja, foi aplicado um questionário contendo itens relativos à estrutura e manejo das instalações. Para a análise microbiológica, suabes do piso das baias foram colhidos e submetidos à quantificação de Coliformes Totais e pesquisa de Salmonella. A contagem de Coliformes Totais encontrada nas granjas variou de 6 x102 ufc/cm2 até 4,33 x109 ufc/cm2 Mesmo em granjas integradas a uma mesma empresa houve grande variabilidade na presença de coliformes residuais após a limpeza e desinfecção. Salmonella sp. esteve presente em 26,7% do total de granjas amostradas, com variação de freqüência entre as agoindústrias (0 até 100% das granjas). Observou-se também grande diferença em termos de instalações e práticas de manejo adotadas, o que poderá servir para explicar a contaminação residual numa análise de risco futura. A partir disso, é possível concluir que os protocolos de limpeza e desinfecção adotados nas granjas são pouco eficazes, pois a contagem residual de Coliformes Totais é muito elevada e permitem a presença residual de Salmonella sp.Cleaning and disinfection practices are the basis of Salmonella control on swine farms. In spite of that, little is known about the effectiveness of the cleaning and disinfection methods used on finishing pig farms. The aim of this study was to evaluate the level of coliform and Salmonella residual contamination on finishing farms, and to assess the practices and disinfection protocols adopted in the all in/all out management. Samplings were conducted in 71 farms associated to five swine companies located in Rio Grande do Sul. On each farm a questionnaire, including issues about building facilities and management, was conducted. Pen floor swabs were taken and submitted to coliform enumeration and Salmonella isolation. Coliform counts ranging from 6 x102 ufc/cm2 to 4.33 x109 ufc/cm2 were found on the sampled farms. Even farms associated to a same company presented a high variation on the coliform counts after cleaning and disinfection. Salmonella sp. was isolated in 26.7% of sampled farms, with a variation on the frequency (0 to 100%) according to the company. A high variability was also detected on the building facilities and management practices adopted. These data can be used in the future to conduct a risk factors analysis. In conclusion, the cleaning and disinfection practices adopted in the sampled farms are little effective, since a high residual coliform counts, and the persistence of Salmonella were detected on the pen floor

Caracterização de amostras de Salmonella typhimurium isoladas de suínos através de técnicas fenotípicas e genotípicas

12

Caracterização de Salmonella typhimurium isoladas de suínos no Rio Grande do Sul por fagotipificação, perfil de resistência a antimicrobianos e REP-PCR

02

Pesquisa de aglutininas anti-leptospira em cães clinicamente sadios e com suspeita clínica de leptospirose

09

Recuperação de Salmonella typhimurium de embutidos suínos pela associação caldo Rappaport-Vassiliadis e Ágar XLT4

09

Recuperação de Salmonella typhimurium de embutidos suínos pela associação caldo Rappaport-Vassiliadis e Ágar XLT4

09

Fusarium graminearum hydrophobins: role in fungal growth and plant infection.

Hydrophobins are small fungal-specific proteins which are present at the surface of aerial hyphae and spores. They may play a role in several processes such as formation of fungal aerial structures, attachment to hydrophobic surfaces, interaction with the environment and protection against the host defense system by masking the fungal cell wall. The plant pathogen Fusarium graminearum, a necrotrophic fungus which causes Fusarium head blight (FHB) of wheat, barley and other cereal grains, contains five hydrophobin genes. To determine their role in F. graminearum, single and triple mutants of the five genes were produced and characterized. Interestingly, Hyd1 is dramatically upregulated during initial epiphytical growth on wheat paleas and glumes. A reduction in hydrophobicity was observed for the single mutants 06hyd1 and 06hyd3 as well as the triple mutants including 06hyd1 or 06hyd3. Single disruptants 06hyd2, 06hyd4 or 06hyd5 behaved wild type-like. The single mutant 06hydr3 and the triple mutants including 06hydr3 showed a decrease in growth compared to the wild type in a complete or minimal growth medium. Surprisingly, a reduced growth was registered when these mutants were grown under osmotic stress conditions or in the presence of H2O2. In order to verify possible defects in their cell wall, the growth of the mutants is currently under scrutiny in the presence of \u3b2-1,3-glucanase, chitinase and two fungicides. Point inoculation of wheat spikes with all mutants showed no role of the hydrophobins during infection. Preliminary data suggest a reduction in virulence of the Hyd1 mutant after spray inoculation