X-ray absorption spectroscopy on layered cobaltates Na_xCoO_2

Measurements of polarization and temperature dependent soft x-ray absorption have been performed on Na_xCoO_2 single crystals with x=0.4 and x=0.6. They show a deviation of the local trigonal symmetry of the CoO_6 octahedra, which is temperature independent in a temperature range between 25 K and 372 K. This deviation was found to be different for Co^{3+} and Co^{4+} sites. With the help of a cluster calculation we are able to interpret the Co L_{23}-edge absorption spectrum and find a doping dependent energy splitting between the t_{2g} and the e_g levels (10Dq) in Na_xCoO_2.Comment: 7 pages, 8 figure

Pengaruh Lingkungan Kerja Fisik, Stres Kerja Dan Disiplin Kerja Terhadap Kinerja Karyawan Bagian Produksi PT. Kimia Farma, Tbk. Semarang

Human resource performance has an important role in production because its impact the company profitability. Physical working environment, stress and discipline should be an important notice from the company because its impact the employee performance. PT. Kimia Farma, Tbk. is one of Indonesia State Owned Enterprise, wich focused on pharmacy-supplied business, and the production growth in past three years showed decline.The aim of this research is to understand the impact of physical working environment, stress and discipline towards production employmee. The type of the research is explanatory research. Interview use questionnaire and literature are a collecting data as a tool and 88 respondents. The data will analyze with statistic descriptive, simple and linar regression, correlation, determination and significant test. Result and disscusion, In partial physical working environment, and discipline give a positive and significant impact with, the relation in both variables is medium. Stress has a negative and significant impact. Discipline has positive and significant impact. Insimultaniously, physical working environtemt (X1) and discipline (X3) give a positive and significant impact and stress (X2) give a negative and significant impact trought performance (Y), the relation within those independent variables (X1,X2,X3) trought dependent variables (Y) are strong.The conclusion and suggestion, there are a significant impact between of physical work environment stress and discipline through performance. The suggestion company should pay more attention in physical working environment such as sanitation, descrease noise, and settle illumination in a working area also manage working stress in company, strive for working discipline by making regulation, giving a stict penalty and socialize it

The unusual electronic structure of the "pseudo-ladder" compound CaCu2O3

Experimental and theoretical studies of the unoccupied electronic structure of CaCu2O3 single crystals have been performed using polarization-dependent x-ray absorption spectroscopy and band structure calculations. The measured hole distribution shows an unusual large number of holes in orbitals parallel to the interlayer direction which is in agreement with the theoretical analysis. CaCu2O3 deviates significantly from the standard pd-sigma cuprate picture. The corresponding strong interlayer exchange is responsible for the missing spin gap generic for other two-leg ladder cuprates.Comment: 4 pages, 3 figures include

Characterizations of the diurnal shapes of OI 630.0 nm dayglow intensity variations: inferences

International audienceMeasurements of OI 630.0 nm thermospheric dayglow emission by means of the Dayglow Photometer (DGP) at Mt. Abu (24.6° N, 73.7° E, dip lat 19.09° N), a station under the crest of Equatorial Ionization Anomaly (EIA), reveal day-to-day changes in the shapes of the diurnal profiles of dayglow intensity variations. These shapes have been characterized using the magnetometer data from equatorial and low-latitude stations. Substantial changes have been noticed in the shapes of the dayglow intensity variations between 10:00?15:00 IST (Indian Standard Time) during the days when normal and counter electrojet events are present over the equator. It is found that the width (the time span corresponding to 0.8 times the maximum dayglow intensity) of the diurnal profile has a linear relationship with the integrated electrojet strength. Occasional deviation from this linear relationship is attributed to the presence of substantial mean meridional wind

Shape Transition in the Epitaxial Growth of Gold Silicide in Au Thin Films on Si(111)

Growth of epitaxial gold silicide islands on bromine-passivated Si(111) substrates has been studied by optical and electron microscopy, electron probe micro analysis and helium ion backscattering. The islands grow in the shape of equilateral triangles up to a critical size beyond which the symmetry of the structure is broken, resulting in a shape transition from triangle to trapezoid. The island edges are aligned along $Si[110]$ directions. We have observed elongated islands with aspect ratios as large as 8:1. These islands, instead of growing along three equivalent [110] directions on the Si(111) substrate, grow only along one preferential direction. This has been attributed to the vicinality of the substrate surface.Comment: revtex version 3.0, 11 pages 4 figures available on request from [email protected] - IP/BBSR/93-6

Pengobatan Malaria Vivax dengan Pemberian Klorokuin dan Primakuin secara Harian dan Paket di Jawa Tengah

Due to the limitation of manpower in the Health Centres, packet (bulk) of drug distribution procedure is now being used to replace the daily supervised drug administration, procedure for vivax malaria treatment programme in the field. To evaluate the efficacy of both procedures (daily and packet) this study was performed in Central Java in 1989-1990. The study subjects were vivax malaria patients, from all age groups, which were devided into two groups. Group I received the drug daily (standard treatment) and group II through packet procedure. The dose for chloroquine was 25 mg/kg BW in 3 days and for primaquine was 5 mg per day for 5 days. Blood examinations were performed on day 2, 7 and 28 followed by monthly examinations until 6 months after the treatment was started. The result showed that treatment failure was relatively high in both groups: 29,27 % from 41 patients who received daily treatment and 35,01 % from 91 patients with packet procedure. Cure rate in the daily treatment group was 65,62 % and 62,29 % from the packet procedure group. It is concluded that packet administration of vivax malaria drug is as effective as daily supervised administration. Combination of chloroquine and primaquine was succesful for treatment of vivax malaria in 95,55 % in daily group and 86,89 % in packet group although the drug dosage is not yet optimal