Evaluating the Effect of Cardiac Rehabilitation Care Plan on Quality of Life of Patients Undergoing Coronary Artery Bypass Graft Surgery

Introduction: Cardiovascular surgeries are among the conventional surgeries aimed at increasing the survival rate and improving the quality of life of patients. This study aimed to evaluate the effect of cardiac rehabilitation on quality of life of patients undergoing Coronary artery bypass graft (CABG) surgery.Methods: This was a semi-experimental study performed on 160 patients undergoing CABG surgery. The rehabilitation program was carried out for 13 weeks (three sessions per week) in 40 sessions, six weeks after the CABG surgery. The MacNew standard questionnaire and the general health questionnaire (S-f 36) were completed before the beginning of rehabilitation sessions as well as after completion of these sessions by patients.Results: According to the results, the quality of life of patients significantly increased in the physical and emotional areas after the rehabilitation program. The results also indicated that there was a significant difference between various levels of research in the physical functioning variables, dysfunction due to physical health, dysfunction due to emotional health, energy/fatigue of individuals, emotional well-being, social functioning, pain, and general health.Conclusions: The present results indicated the improved quality of life of patients in all the areas after cardiac rehabilitation intervention, compared to before that. Therefore, paying more attention to cardiac rehabilitation is necessary due to its positive effects on increasing the quality of life of patients

The Relationship between Working Memory and Confrontation Naming Following Traumatic Brain Injury

Background: The prefrontal cortex is very susceptible to traumatic brain injury (TBI), upon which many cognitive and executive functions including planning, information processing, language, memory, attention, and perception will be impaired. Working memory (WM) is associated with high levels of cognitive processes such as language and naming process communication. In the present study, the correlation between WM and confrontation naming was investigated following TBI. Methods: The current research was a prescriptive-analytic cross-sectional study examining 20 TBI patients within the age range 18-45 years. The samples were selected from Iran, the city of Mashhad, between 2013 and 2016. The participants with a score 23 or higher in Mini-Mental State Examination (MMSE) were assessed through Persian naming test and sub-tests from the Wechsler Memory Scale. The collected data were analyzed by SPSS16 software. Results: There was a significant association between subtests of confrontation naming involving ‘Correct answers without cue’ and WM (P<0.05), ‘Wrong answers’ and WM (P<0.05), as well as ‘Total correct answers’ and WM (P<0.05). Conclusion: The present study indicated modest significant correlations between measures of confrontation naming and WM. These findings provide direction for future studies on the nature of naming deficits following brain injury

The effects of size and type of vocal fold polyp on some acoustic voice parameters

Background: Vocal abuse and misuse would result in vocal fold polyp. Certain features define the extent of vocal folds polyp effects on voice acoustic parameters. The present study aimed to define the effects of polyp size on acoustic voice parameters, and compare these parameters in hemorrhagic and non-hemorrhagic polyps. Methods: In the present retrospective study, 28 individuals with hemorrhagic or non-hemorrhagic polyps of the true vocal folds were recruited to investigate acoustic voice parameters of vowel/ æ/ computed by the Praat software. The data were analyzed using the SPSS software, version 17.0. According to the type and size of polyps, mean acoustic differences and correlations were analyzed by the statistical t test and Pearson correlation test, respectively; with significance level below 0.05. Results: The results indicated that jitter and the harmonics-to-noise ratio had a significant positive and negative correlation with the polyp size (P=0.01), respectively. In addition, both mentioned parameters were significantly different between the two types of the investigated polyps. Conclusion: Both the type and size of polyps have effects on acoustic voice characteristics. In the present study, a novel method to measure polyp size was introduced. Further confirmation of this method as a tool to compare polyp sizes requires additional investigations. © 2018, Shiraz University of Medical Sciences. All rights reserved

The effects of size and type of vocal fold polyp on some acoustic voice parameters

Background: Vocal abuse and misuse would result in vocal fold polyp. Certain features define the extent of vocal folds polyp effects on voice acoustic parameters. The present study aimed to define the effects of polyp size on acoustic voice parameters, and compare these parameters in hemorrhagic and non-hemorrhagic polyps. Methods: In the present retrospective study, 28 individuals with hemorrhagic or non-hemorrhagic polyps of the true vocal folds were recruited to investigate acoustic voice parameters of vowel/ æ/ computed by the Praat software. The data were analyzed using the SPSS software, version 17.0. According to the type and size of polyps, mean acoustic differences and correlations were analyzed by the statistical t test and Pearson correlation test, respectively; with significance level below 0.05. Results: The results indicated that jitter and the harmonics-to-noise ratio had a significant positive and negative correlation with the polyp size (P=0.01), respectively. In addition, both mentioned parameters were significantly different between the two types of the investigated polyps. Conclusion: Both the type and size of polyps have effects on acoustic voice characteristics. In the present study, a novel method to measure polyp size was introduced. Further confirmation of this method as a tool to compare polyp sizes requires additional investigations. © 2018, Shiraz University of Medical Sciences. All rights reserved

Role of the internal superior laryngeal nerve in the motor responses of vocal cords and the related voice acoustic changes

Background: Repeated efforts by researchers to impose voice changes by laryngeal surface electrical stimulation (SES) have come to no avail. This present pre-experimental study employed a novel method for SES application so as to evoke the motor potential of the internal superior laryngeal nerve (ISLN) and create voice changes. Methods: Thirty-two normal individuals (22 females and 10 males) participated in this study. The subjects were selected from the students of Iran University of Medical Sciences in 2014. Two monopolar active electrodes were placed on the thyrohyoid space at the location of the ISLN entrance to the larynx and 1 dispersive electrode was positioned on the back of the neck. A current with special programmed parameters was applied to stimulate the ISLN via the active electrodes and simultaneously the resultant acoustic changes were evaluated. All the means of the acoustic parameters during SES and rest periods were compared using the paired t-test. Results: The findings indicated significant changes (P=0.00) in most of the acoustic parameters during SES presentation compared to them at rest. The mean of fundamental frequency standard deviation (SD F0) at rest was 1.54 (SD=0.55) versus 4.15 (SD=3.00) for the SES period. The other investigated parameters comprised fundamental frequency (F0), minimum F0, jitter, shimmer, harmonic-to-noise ratio (HNR), mean intensity, and minimum intensity. Conclusion: These findings demonstrated significant changes in most of the important acoustic features, suggesting that the stimulation of the ISLN via SES could induce motor changes in the vocal folds. The clinical applicability of the method utilized in the current study in patients with vocal fold paralysis requires further research. © 2016, Shiraz University of Medical Sciences. All rights reserved

The Relationship between Ethical Leadership and Social Responsibility (Case Study Staff of Sanandaj Official Sites)

سازمان‌ها به مثابه یکی از مهم‌ترین نهادهای اجتماعی دوران کنونی، در قبال جامعه مسؤول هستند و ارتقای مسؤولیت‌پذیری اجتماعی آن‌ها در گرو شناسایی عوامل مؤثر بر ارتقای مسؤولیت‌پذیری اجتماعی کارکنان است. با این رویکرد هدف از پژوهش حاضر، مطالعه رابطه‌ بین رهبری اخلاقی و مسؤولیت پذیری اجتماعی تعاونی است. با در نظر گرفتن مبانی نظری، ابعاد رهبری اخلاقی شامل روابط بین فردی، الگو بودن و عمل‌گرایی به عنوان متغیرهای پیش‌بین و متغیر مسؤولیت‌پذیری اجتماعی به عنوان متغیر ملاک در نظر گرفته شد. پژوهش از لحاظ هدف، کاربردی و از لحاظ روش، به صورت توصیفی همبستگی است. جامعه آماری پژوهش کلیه‌ کارکنان بخش‌های اداری پنج سازمان دولتی واقع در سایت اداری شهر سنندج بودند. با استفاده از روش نمونه‌گیری تصادفی طبقه‌ای، نمونه‌ای به حجم 131 نفر از کارکنان انتخاب و مورد مطالعه قرار گرفتند. ابزارهای گردآوری داده‌ها پرسشنامه رهبری اخلاقی (صالح‌نیا، 1391) و مسؤولیت پذیری اجتماعی تعاونی (احمدی، 1391) بودند که روایی و پایایی آن‌ها مورد تأیید قرار گرفت. تجزیه و تحلیل داده‌ها با استفاده از ضریب همبستگی پیرسون و تحلیل رگرسیون چندگانه انجام گرفت. یافته‌ها نشان داد که رهبری اخلاقی رابطه معناداری با مسؤولیت پذیری اجتماعی داشت ( r: .824 p < .01 ). یافته‌ها همچنین نشان داد که دو مؤلفه‌ الگو بودن و عمل‌گرایی رهبر می‌توانستند نقش معناداری در پیش‌بینی مسؤولیت پذیری اجتماعی سازمان داشته باشند

Translated versions of voice handicap index (Vhi)-30 across languages: A systematic review

Background: In this systematic review, the aim is to investigate different VHI-30 versions between languages regard-ing their validity, reliability and their translation process. Methods: Articles were extracted systematically from some of the prime databases including Cochrane, googlescholar, MEDLINE (via PubMed gate), Sciencedirect, Web of science, and their reference lists by Voice Handicap Index key-word with only title limitation and time of publication (from 1997 to 2014). However the other limitations (e.g. exclud-ing non-English, other versions of VHI ones, and so on) applied manually after studying the papers. In order to ap-praise the methodology of the papers, three authors did it by 12-item diagnostic test checklist in "Critical Appraisal Skills Programme" or (CASP) site. After applying all of the screenings, the papers that had the study eligibility criteria such as; translation, validity, and reliability processes, included in this review. Results: The remained non-repeated articles were 12 from different languages. All of them reported validity, reliability and translation method, which presented in details in this review. Conclusion: Mainly the preferred method for translation in the gathered papers was "Brislin�s classic back-translation model (1970), although the procedure was not performed completely but it was more prominent than other translation procedures. High test-retest reliability, internal consistency and moderate construct validity between different lan-guages in regards to all 3 VHI-30 domains confirm the applicability of translated VHI-30 version across languages. © 2015, Iranian Journal of Public Health. All right reserved

Evaluation of the Sensitivity and Specificity C- reactive protein, and leukocyte count in the diagnosis of acute appendicitis and its types

Introduction: Appendicitis is a common urgent surgical operation. Since early diagnosis and treatment of appendicitis is necessary and also some disease mimic its clinical manifestation and rate of negative appendectomy was high (15-30%), so surgeons were trying to increase the accuracy of diagnosis of appendicitis by using laboratory facilities. The main aim of this study were to investigation of Sensitivity and Specificity CRP in the diagnosis of acute appendicitis and compare it with routine laboratory tests such as leukocyte count and neutrophil count.Material and Methods: In this descriptive - analytical study, blood samples of 191 patients with diagnosis of acute appendicitis that underwent appendectomy at the Besat hospital, were used to measuring of CRP. The surgical specimens were reviewed by pathologists and pathologic findings were considered as gold standard. Then by using of the results of pathology tests, sensitivity, specificity and positive and negative predictive value of CRP, WBC and neutrophils were measured. Data were analysed by SPSS-14 software and t test and chi square test.Results: 74/3% of patients were male and 25/7% female and the mean age was 26 ± 3/4 years. The most common symptom, sign and pathologic stage of patients were loss of appetite (95/2%), local tenderness (95/8%) and Acute suppurative (64/9%). 08/13% of patients had normal appendectomies that consist of 35% of women and 6% of men appendectomy. The sensitivity and specificity of CRP, WBC and neutrophils respectively were: 98/1%, 61/5%, 84/8%, 50%, 93/3% and 19.2%.Conclusion: According to the results, the CRP test at diagnosis and in finding of negative appendectomy has high value. But wasn't reliable as an exclusive test. Therefore, the use of CRP as a paraclinical criterion along with other criteria of Alvarado scoring system can be very useful in diagnosis of appendicitis

Distribution of Different Pathologies of Dysphagia and Related Risk Factors in Patients with Neurological Disorders

Background and Objective: Swallowing disorders can occur in various diseases, primarily neurological ones. This study investigated the distribution pattern of swallowing disorders in different pathologies of patients and the related risk factors. Materials and Methods: The 323 medical files of neurological patients of Sina Hamadan Specialized Hospital (Hamadan, Iran) in the first six months of 2016 were analyzed in terms of pathologies related to dysphagia and factors aggravating the disorder. Furthermore, the relationships between them were investigated using x2 and independent samples t-test. Results: According to the studied files, 46.1% of patients were hospitalized with stroke pathology involving the highest percentage of dysphagia. The most and least important risk factors related to dysphagia, intubation, and pathologies, other than stroke, were 100% and 10.9%, respectively (P<0.001). Conclusion: Considering the high incidence of swallowing disorders in neurological patients, especially stroke, and also considering aphasia as one of the most important disorders along with dysphagia that can cause more complexity of the disorder, it is necessary to plan for team treatments with the presence of a swallowing therapis