High temperature stress responses of Salvia splendens and Viola X wittrockiana

One of the greatest impediments affecting growth and development of bedding plants is high temperature stress. The deleterious effects of high temperature stress are the most pronounced during plug transplant and/or during the transition period from the nursery to the landscape. High temperature stress responses were investigated in Salvia splendens and Viola x wittrockiana to determine the morphological and physiological mechanism associated with the heat tolerance. Two genotypes for each species were used; a heat tolerant Vista and a heat sensitive Sizzler cultivar of salvia and Crystal Bowl Purple (CBP) a heat tolerant and Majestic Giant Red (MGR) a heat sensitive cultivar of pansy. Morphological traits such as short stature, greater total leaf area/plant, extensive root system; physiological traits like stomatal conductance, greater transpiration, and net photosynthesis were found to be characteristic traits of heat tolerant cultivars. Greater cell membrane thermostability (CMT) and expression of a heat shock protein of low molecular weight approximately 27kD may be responsible for heat tolerance in Vista and CBP. Primary soluble sugars sucrose and raffinose found in both the salvia cultivars, and greater concentrations in Vista at high temperatures, may be involved in stabilization of membrane lipid bilayer and/or acting as osmoprotectants under stress conditions. Short duration (3 h) heat preconditioning at 35 °C and 30 °C for salvia and pansy respectively during initial stages of growth helped to develop acquired thermotolerance. Heat sensitive cultivars acquired heat tolerance with heat preconditioning and acclimated to subsequent challenging temperatures. Preconditioning enhanced already existing traits of heat tolerant cultivars. Increased stomatal frequency and leaf thickness in salvia acquired during preconditioning. Cell membrane thermostability measured at a single temperature with increasing time of exposure was closely associated with increased gas exchange rates, leaf relative water content and overall marketable quality in salvia. These simple laboratory techniques to test heat tolerance have a greater advantage over time and space consuming field trials and may be an accurate and more efficient measure of heat tolerance

Component Approach to Software Development for Distributed Multi-Database System

The paper deals with a component based approach for software development in a distributed environment for the database retrieval operations. A Core Component for a distributed multi-database system has been proposed. The core Component is modeled using three interfaces User, Administrator and Databases Handler. The User Interface is the starting point of access for the Core Component. The Administrator interface deals with access control privileges for users and local databases. The Database Handler facilitates global schema management and site management.Assertion, Core Component, Component Based Software Development, Multi-Database, Schema

Application of m- polar soft fuzzy bi- partite graph in residence selection process

An $m-$polar fuzzy set and soft sets are two different tools for representing uncertainty and vagueness. An $m-$polar soft fuzzy set is a mapping from parameter set to the $m-$polar fuzzy subsets of the universe. An $m-$polar soft fuzzy set theory provides a parameterized point of view for uncertainty modeling and soft computing model. In this paper, we have introduced the notions of $m-$polar soft fuzzy bipartite graph, size and degree of $m-$polar soft fuzzy bi-partite graph as well as an investigation on buying of residence by considering various parameters. People, while buying residence, have many options. So, to choose the best one, they have to consider many parameters. $m-$polar soft fuzzy graph is one of the major areas of graph theory, which finds a solution to this proble

Gravity-induced entanglement as a probe of spacetime curvature

It is now widely believed that if the gravitational field is (perturbatively) quantum, it would entangle two massive objects (in spatial superpositions) which were otherwise unentangled to begin with. Recently, actual table-top experiments have been proposed to test this idea in what would be the first detection of perturbative quantum gravity. In this essay, we devise a thought experiment to prove that such gravity-induced entanglement depends on the spacetime curvature and can, in principle, act as an alternate signature of the expanding background. This will open up new and complementary directions to search for such entanglement in curved spacetime and reveal fresh perspectives on it.Comment: Honorable Mention in the 2023 Essay Competition of the Gravity Research Foundation; comments welcom

QUORUM QUENCHING POTENTIALS OF PROBIOTIC ENTEROCOCCUS DURANS LAB38 AGAINST METHICILLIN RESISTANT STAPHYLOCOCCUS AUREUS

Objective: he focus of this study was to explore the nuance strategy to combat the virulence factors of the pathogens by probiotic Enterococcus durans LAB38Methods: Probiotic attributes was determined by bile salt tolerance (0.5%) and Artemia gnotobiotic assay. Quorum sensing (QS) inhibitory activity of the supernatant and ethyl acetate (EA) extract of LAB38 was evaluated by using the indicator strains, includes Chromobacterium violaceum CV026 (mini-Tn5 mutant of ATCC 31532), methicillin resistant Staphylococcus aureus (MRSA) and Pseudomonas aeruginosa (PA). Reporter strains, Vibrio harveyi BB170 (luxN mutant), BB886 (luxP mutant) and Escherichia coli pSB401 (pACYC184- derived) were used for bioluminescence-based target specificity analysis. GC-MS analysis of EA extract was performed using standard protocol. Results: LAB38 has shown bile salt tolerance and positive probiotic effect towards Artemia salina. In addition, 100 µg/ml EA extract has significantly reduced the violacein production (37 ± 1.4%) in CV026, biofilm formation in MRSA (94 ± 0.9 %) and PA (22 ± 0.08%). Further, 200 µg/ml of EA extract has shown inhibition against both autoinducer-1 and autoinducer-2 mediated QS system. Bioluminescence inhibition is directly proportional to the time of exposure. GC-MS result revealed that bromine, sulphur containing molecule and azulene derivative were found in the EA extract.Conclusion This is the first report on probiotic Enterococcus durans for quorum quenching activity. Hence, the bacterium could be used for future therapeutics application. Keywords: Autoinducer, Biofilm, Methicillin resistant Staphylococcus aureus, Quorum quenching, Probiotics, CV026