The value and opportunities of community-and citizen-based approaches to tropical forest biodiversity monitoring

The biodiversity sourcebook is accessible in pdf format for free from:•GOFC-GOLD Land Cover Office website: http://www.gofcgold.wur.nl/sites/gofcgold-geobon_biodiversitysourcebook.php•GEO BON website:http://geobon.org

Stellar Coronal and Wind Models: Impact on Exoplanets

Surface magnetism is believed to be the main driver of coronal heating and stellar wind acceleration. Coronae are believed to be formed by plasma confined in closed magnetic coronal loops of the stars, with winds mainly originating in open magnetic field line regions. In this Chapter, we review some basic properties of stellar coronae and winds and present some existing models. In the last part of this Chapter, we discuss the effects of coronal winds on exoplanets.Comment: Chapter published in the "Handbook of Exoplanets", Editors in Chief: Juan Antonio Belmonte and Hans Deeg, Section Editor: Nuccio Lanza. Springer Reference Work

Beyond empty plates: Socioeconomic determinants of hunger incidence among households in Lupi, Camarines Sur

This paper examine the socioeconomic determinants of the incidence of hunger in the province of Lupi, Camarines Sur. The study uses the data set surveyed by the Community Based Monitoring System. The incidence of hunger in the households is examined using a logit model that is structured by various conceptual frameworks. The study uses three divisions of determinants: household profile, household head characteristics, and living standards to see which group of variables affect hunger more. Estimates show that the significant variables in the province of Lupi, Camarines Sur among the three divisions deemed to contribute to the incidence of hunger in a household. These are household profile, the head of household profile and the living standards of the households, factors such as household size, presence of sick and/or disabled members and single parents, household income, age and educational attainment of household head, urban or rural residency, tenure of housing, access to own water and number of applicants owned

Recent developments in chemical conjugation strategies targeting native amino acids in proteins and their applications in antibody-drug conjugates

Many fields in chemical biology and synthetic biology require effective bioconjugation methods to achieve their desired functions and activities. Among such biomolecule conjugates, antibody-drug conjugates (ADCs) need a linker that provides a stable linkage between cytotoxic drugs and antibodies, whilst conjugating in a biologically benign, fast and selective fashion. This review focuses on how the development of novel organic synthesis can solve the problems of traditional linker technology. The review shall introduce and analyse the current developments in the modification of native amino acids on peptides or proteins and their applicability to ADC linker. Thereafter, the review shall discuss in detail each endogenous amino acid's intrinsic reactivity and selectivity aspects, and address the research effort to construct an ADC using each conjugation method.Ministry of Education (MOE)Nanyang Technological UniversityPublished versionWe gratefully acknowledge the financial support from Distinguished University Professor grant, Nanyang Technological University, Singapore, and AcRF Tier 1 grants from the Ministry of Education of Singapore (RG11/20 and RT14/20)