9 research outputs found
Peroxide-based route for the synthesis of zinc titanate powder
In this work the thermodynamical solubility diagrams of zinc and titanium hydroxides
were reviewed in order to determine the conditions for maximum degree of phase composition
homogenization of precipitates. Experimental investigation of dependency of titanium peroxohydroxide
solubility on solution acidity has been carried out and coprecipitation of zinc ions has been
studied. It was concluded that precipitation by constant addition of mixed salts and base solutions
into the mother liquor with constant acidity of pH 8.5 allows maximizing homogenization of
precipitate composition. Thermal treatment process of mixed zinc and titanium hydroxides
coprecipitated with hydrogen peroxide was studied using thermogravimetric analysis, differential
thermal analysis and X-ray diffraction methods. It was found that precipitates of co-precipitated
mixtures of zinc and titanium hydroxides contained impurities of salts precursors of the Zn
(NO3)2 and TiOCl2 at a level of 1%. The experimental data demonstrate the influence of hydrogen
peroxide on crystal growth rate of the zinc titanate during thermal treatment. The temperature
ranges and kinetic parameters of hydroxide mixture dehydration, decomposition of the titanium
peroxohydroxide and precursor impurities were determined
āļāļēāļĢāļāļĢāļ°āđāļĄāļīāļāđāļĨāļ°āļāļēāļĢāļŦāļēāđāļāļ§āđāļāļ·āđāļāļĨāļāļāļēāļĢāļāļĨāđāļāļĒāļāđāļēāļāđāļĢāļ·āļāļāļāļĢāļ°āļāļāļāļēāļāļāļģāļāļąāļāļāļēāļ āđāļāļāđāļāļĨāļēāļĢāđāđāļāļĨāļĨāđāļ āļēāļĒāļŦāļĨāļąāļāļŦāļĄāļāļāļēāļĒāļļāļāļēāļĢāđāļāđāļāļēāļāļŠāļģāļŦāļĢāļąāļāļāļĢāļ°āđāļāļĻāđāļāļĒAssessment and Approach to Reduce Greenhouse Gas Emissions from End of Life Solar Panel Waste for Thailand
āļāļēāļĢāļāļģāļāļąāļāļāļēāļāđāļāļāđāļāļĨāļēāļĢāđāđāļāļĨāļĨāđāļāļ·āļāđāļāđāļāļāļąāđāļāļāļāļāļāļģāđāļāđāļāđāļāļāļēāļĢāđāļāđāđāļāļāđāļāđāļĨāļĒāļĩāļāļĨāļąāļāļāļēāļāđāļŠāļāļāļēāļāļīāļāļĒāđ āļāļēāļāļ§āļīāļāļąāļĒāļāļĩāđāđāļāđāļāļģāļāļēāļĢāļāļĢāļ°āđāļĄāļīāļāļāļēāļĢāļāļĨāđāļāļĒāļāđāļēāļāđāļĢāļ·āļāļāļāļĢāļ°āļāļāđāļāļāļĢāļ°āļāļ§āļāļāļēāļĢāļāļģāļāļąāļāļāļēāļāđāļāļāđāļāļĨāļēāļĢāđāđāļāļĨāļĨāđāļāļēāļĄāļŦāļĨāļąāļāļāļēāļĢāļāļĢāļ°āđāļĄāļīāļāļ§āļąāļāļāļąāļāļĢāļāļĩāļ§āļīāļāđāļāļĒāļāļīāļāļēāļĢāļāļēāļāļķāļāļāļēāļĢāļāļāļŠāđāļ āļāļēāļĢāļāļąāļāđāļĒāļ āđāļĨāļ°āļāļēāļĢāļĢāļĩāđāļāđāļāļīāļĨāđāļāļ·āđāļāđāļāđāļāļ·āļāļ§āļąāļŠāļāļļāļāļēāļāđāļāļāđāļāļĨāļēāļĢāđāđāļāļĨāļĨāđ āđāļĄāļ·āđāļāļāļĢāļ°āđāļĄāļīāļāļāļēāļĢāļŠāđāļāđāļāļāđāļāļĨāļēāļĢāđāđāļāļĨāļĨāđāļāļĩāđāļŦāļĄāļāļāļēāļĒāļļāļāļēāļĢāđāļāđāļāļēāļāđāļāļāļģāļāļąāļāđāļāļāļĢāļ°āđāļāļĻāļāļĩāđāļāļļāđāļāđāļĢāļĩāļĒāļāļ§āđāļēāļāļēāļĢāļāļģāļāļąāļāļāļēāļāđāļāļāļāļąāđāļ§āđāļ (Conv.) āđāļāļ·āđāļāļāļāļēāļāđāļāđāļāļ§āļīāļāļĩāļāļĩāđāļāļīāļĒāļĄāđāļāđāđāļāļāļąāļāļāļļāļāļąāļ āļĄāļĩāļāđāļēāļāļēāļĢāļāļĨāđāļāļĒāļāđāļēāļāđāļĢāļ·āļāļāļāļĢāļ°āļāļ 8.6370 kgCO2eq/āđāļāļ āđāļāļĒāđāļāđāļāļāļāļāđāļāđāļāļŠāļāļāļāļĢāļ°āļāļ§āļāļāļēāļĢāļāļ·āļāļāļēāļĢāļāļāļŠāđāļ 2.1295 kgCO2eq/āđāļāļ āđāļĨāļ°āļāļēāļĢāļĢāļĩāđāļāđāļāļīāļĨ 6.5075 kgCO2eq/āđāļāļ āđāļāļ·āđāļāļāļĒāļēāļĒāđāļāļ§āļāļēāļāļāļģāļāļąāļāļāļēāļāļāļđāđāļ§āļīāļāļąāļĒāļāļķāļāđāļāđāđāļāļīāđāļĄāļŠāļāļēāļāļāļēāļĢāļāđāđāļāļāļēāļĢāļāļĢāļ°āđāļĄāļīāļ 4 āļŠāļāļēāļāļāļēāļĢāļāđāļāļ·āļ āļāļēāļĢāļĨāļāļ āļēāļĢāļ°āļāđāļģāļŦāļāļąāļāđāļāļāļēāļĢāļāļāļŠāđāļāđāļāļĒāļāļąāļāđāļĒāļāļāļāļāđāļāļĢāļ°āļāļāļāļāļāļāđāļāļāđāļāļĨāļēāļĢāđāđāļāļĨāļĨāđāļāđāļāļāļŠāđāļāđāļāļāļģāļāļąāļāļĒāļąāļāļāļĢāļ°āđāļāļĻāļāļĩāđāļāļļāđāļ (Sc1) āļāļēāļĢāļāļģāļāļąāļāļāļēāļāđāļāļĒāđāļĢāļāļāļēāļāļĢāļĩāđāļāđāļāļīāļĨāđāļāļāļĢāļ°āđāļāļĻāđāļāļĒ (Sc2) āļāļēāļĢāđāļĒāļāļāļāļāđāļāļĢāļ°āļāļāļāļāļāļāđāļāļāđāļāļĨāļēāļĢāđāđāļāļĨāļĨāđāļāđāļāļāļāļģāđāļāļāļģāļāļąāļāļĒāļąāļāđāļĢāļāļāļēāļāļĢāļĩāđāļāđāļāļīāļĨāđāļāļāļĢāļ°āđāļāļĻāđāļāļĒ (Sc3) āļāļēāļĢāđāļĒāļāļāļāļāđāļāļĢāļ°āļāļāļāđāļĨāļ°āļāļģāļāļąāļāļāļēāļāđāļāļāļĢāļ°āđāļāļĻāđāļāļĒāđāļāļĒāđāļĢāļāļāļēāļāļĢāļĩāđāļāđāļāļīāļĨāđāļāđāļāļĨāļąāļāļāļēāļāļāļāđāļāļāļŠāļģāļŦāļĢāļąāļāļāļēāļĢāļāļĨāļīāļāđāļāļāđāļē (Sc4) āļĄāļĩāļāđāļēāļāļēāļĢāļāļĨāđāļāļĒāļāđāļēāļāđāļĢāļ·āļāļāļāļĢāļ°āļāļ 6.3826 kgCO2eq/āđāļāļ, 8.7892 kgCO2eq/āđāļāļ, 6.0445 kgCO2eq/āđāļāļ āđāļĨāļ° 4.5811 kgCO2eq/āđāļāļ āļāļēāļĄāļĨāļģāļāļąāļ āļāļāļ§āđāļē Sc4 āļŠāļēāļĄāļēāļĢāļāļĨāļāļāļēāļĢāļāļĨāđāļāļĒāļāđāļēāļāđāļĢāļ·āļāļāļāļĢāļ°āļāļāļāļēāļāļāļēāļĢāļāļģāļāļąāļāļāļēāļāđāļāļ Conv. āđāļāđāļāļķāļāļĢāđāļāļĒāļĨāļ° 46.96 āļāļąāđāļāļāļĩāđāđāļāļ·āđāļāļāļąāļāļāļēāļāļēāļĢāļ§āļēāļāđāļāļāļāļģāļāļąāļāļāļēāļāđāļāļāđāļāļĨāļēāļĢāđāđāļāļĨāļĨāđāđāļāļāļĢāļ°āđāļāļĻāđāļāļĒāđāļŦāđāļĄāļĩāļāļĢāļ°āļŠāļīāļāļāļīāļ āļēāļāļāļ§āļĢāļĄāļĩāļāļēāļĢāļ§āļīāđāļāļĢāļēāļ°āļŦāđāđāļāļāļāļīāļāļāļēāļĢāļĢāļĩāđāļāđāļāļīāļĨāļāļĩāđāļŦāļĨāļēāļāļŦāļĨāļēāļĒāļĒāļīāđāļāļāļķāđāļSolar panel waste management is an important step for the utilization of solar technology. This research evaluated the greenhouse gas emissions based on the life cycle assessment. The transportation, waste sorting and recycling to recover materials from solar panels have been considered. Greenhouse gas assessment for disposal of used solar panels in Japan is called the conventional disposal (Conv.) because it is commonly used in the moment. The result showed that the total greenhouse gases released from the conventional disposal was 8.6370 kgCO2eq/module which can be divided into two factors, 2.1295 kgCO2eq/module for the transportation and 6.5075 kgCO2eq/module for the recycling process. To expand the approach of waste management, therefore, the researcher increased more four scenarios which were: Sc1: reduction of the transport weight by separating the elements of the solar panels before shipping to Japan, Sc2: disposal of solar wastes in Thailand by the local recycling plant, Sc3: solar panel disassembly before delivering to a recycling facility in Thailand, and Sc4: disassembling and disposing the components in Thailand by the recycling plant that used renewable energy for electricity generation. The greenhouse gas evaluation of four scenarios were 6.3826 kgCO2eq/module, 8.7892 kgCO2eq/module, 6.0445 kgCO2eq/module and 4.5811 kgCO2eq/module, respectively. It was found that Sc4 could reduce greenhouse gas emissions from Conv. by 46.96%. To develop the effective planning for solar panel waste management in Thailand, the analysis of various recycling techniques should be conducted in further research
Association between ambient air particulate matter and human health impacts in northern Thailand
Abstract Air pollution in Thailand is regarded as a serious health threat, especially in the northern region. High levels of particulate matter (PM2.5 and PM10) are strongly linked to severe health consequences and mortality. This study analyzed the relationship between exposure to ambient concentrations of PM2.5 and PM10 by using data from the Pollution Control Department of Thailand and the burden of disease due to an increase in the ambient particulate matter concentrations in northern Thailand. This study was conducted using the Life Cycle Assessment methodology considering the human health damage impact category in the ReCiPe 2016 method. The results revealed that the annual average years of life lived with disability from ambient PM2.5 in northern Thailand is about 41,372 years, while from PM10 it is about 59,064 years per 100,000 population. The number of deaths from lung cancer and cardiopulmonary diseases caused by PM2.5 were approximately 0.04% and 0.06% of the population of northern Thailand, respectively. Deaths due to lung cancer and cardiopulmonary diseases caused by PM10, on the other hand, were approximately 0.06% and 0.08%, respectively. The findings expressed the actual severity of the impact of air pollution on human health. It can provide valuable insights for organizations in setting strategies to address air pollution. Organizations can build well-informed strategies and turn them into legal plans by exploiting the studyâs findings. This ensures that their efforts to tackle air pollution are successful, in accordance with regulations, and contribute to a healthier, more sustainable future guidelines on appropriate practices of air pollution act/policy linkage with climate change mitigation