The spin

The topic of this thesis is spin doctoring. It understands terms "spin" and "spin doctoring" as deliberate manipulation with public opinion by means of communication. The thesis includes an account of relevant concepts as are public relations, propaganda or corporate spin. It describes academical approaches to this issue. The authors criticize especially a corruptive influence of spin doctoring on democratic society and manipulative nature of public relations, but they offer possibilities of counteraction against these practices as well. The thesis considers both historical and recent manifestations of spin doctoring. Many examples analyzed in this thesis concerns political environment of the Great Britain. Techniques and practices of spin doctoring such as "third party technique", "astroturfing" or "denigration campaings" are thoroughly explained. The perspective of semiotics and spin doctoring as manipulation with signs within social environment are concerned. The conflict between critics of spin doctoring and representatives of public relations is interpreted as discoursive discrepancy and both the antagonist discourses are analyzed. One chapter is devoted to spin doctoring within pharmaceutical industry. The practices and techniques of spin doctoring are interpreted in detail on this example...

Additional file 1: Figure S1. of Effect of atmospheric carbon dioxide levels and nitrate fertilization on glucosinolate biosynthesis in mechanically damaged Arabidopsis plants

MYB transcription factor regulation of glucosinolate biosynthesis in Arabidopsis. Wounding and wound-related stress hormones, such as jasmonic acid or methyl jasmonate, regulate MYB transcription factors that regulate glucosinolate biosynthesis. AtMYB28, AtMYB29 and AtMYB76 regulate expression of genes that encode enzymes in aliphatic GSL biosynthesis whereas AtMYB 34, AtMYB51 and AtMYB122 regulate expression of genes that encode enzymes in indole GSL biosynthesis. Abbreviations: abscisic acid: ABA, glucosinolate: GSL, jasmonic acid: JA, salicylic acid: SA. (PDF 7 kb

Additional file 5: Figure S2. of Effect of atmospheric carbon dioxide levels and nitrate fertilization on glucosinolate biosynthesis in mechanically damaged Arabidopsis plants

Heat map of foliar metabolite profiles of Arabidopsis grown at different CO2levels, nitrate fertilization and wounding stress. Plants were grown under two different atmospheric CO2 levels (ambient (440 ppm; LC) or elevated (880 ppm; HC)) and fertilized with either 1 mM (LN) or 10 mM (HN) nitrate and either not treated (control) or mechanically damaged (wound). The average of 4 independent samples were compared by 2-way analysis of variance. Metabolites are identified by retention time/mass over charge ratio (RT/m/z). A) Constitutive foliar metabolic profile. Factors; 1 mM nitrate (blue), 10 mM nitrate (pink), 440 ppm CO2 (green) and 880 ppm CO2 (purple). B) Wound-induced metabolite profile. Factors; 1 mM nitrate (blue), 10 mM nitrate (pink), 440 ppm CO2 (green) and 880 ppm CO2 (purple). C) Metabolite profile of plants grown at ambient CO2 levels (440 ppm). Factors; constitutive (pink), mechanically damaged (blue), 1 mM nitrate (green) and 10 mM nitrate (purple). D) Metabolite profile of plants grown at elevated CO2 levels (880 ppm). Factors; constitutive (pink), mechanically damaged (blue), 1 mM nitrate (green) and 10 mM nitrate (purple). E) Metabolite profile of plants fertilized with 1 mM nitrate. Factors; control (pink), mechanically damaged (blue),440 ppm CO2 (green) and 880 ppm CO2 (purple). F) Metabolite profile of plants fertilized with 10 mM nitrate. Factors; control (pink), mechanically damaged (blue),440 ppm CO2 (green) and 880 ppm CO2 (purple). (PDF 204 kb