Production of herbicide-resistant cowpea (Vigna unguiculata L.) transformed with the bar gene

Plant genetic engineering has opened new avenues to modify crops and has provided a powerful tool for crop improvement. The present study reports the development of regeneration and genetic transformation protocol for the Turkish cowpea cultivar Akkiz. The immature cotyledons were cultured on Murashige and Skoog (MS) medium containing 0.25–0.75 mg L–1 6-benzylaminopurine with or without 0.25 mg L–1 ?-naphthalene acetic acid. Shoot regeneration varied 44.4%–83.3% with 2.1–5.0 shoots per explant. Regenerated shoots were rooted in MS medium containing 0.50 mg L–1 indole-3-butyric acid and acclimatized in the greenhouse, where they flowered and set seeds. Immature cotyledons were transformed with Agrobacterium tumefaciens strain LBA4404 harboring the recombinant binary vector pRGG containing an herbicide tolerance gene (bar) along with a uida (GUS) gene under 35S promoter. Phosphinothricin was used as a selectable marker at a concentration of 2.5 mg L–1. Putative transformants were screened by the histochemical GUS assay. Furthermore, molecular analysis revealed the presence of the introduced gene in the genome of cowpea cultivar Akkiz. The selected transgenic plants showed a resistance to Basta® nonselective herbicide at up to 10 mL L–1 of water. Putative transgenic plants retained their pigmentation and continued to grow in the greenhouse

Comparison of Shoot Regeneration on Different Concentrations of Thidiazuron from Shoot Tip Explant of Cowpea on Gelrite and Agar Containing Medium

Cowpea (Vigna unguiculata L. Walp) is an important legume grown all over the world as grain crop, animal fodder, cover crop, gren manure and vegetable. The present study compares effects of agar and gelrite on micropropagation from shoot tip explant of two Turkish cowpea cultivars Akkiz and Karagoz using 0.15, 0.15, 0.35 mg/l Thidiazuron (TDZ), 3 g/l activated charcoal, 2 mg/l yeast extract with and without 1.25 mg/l Polyvinylpyrrolidone (PVP). To overcome problem of endogenic bacterial contaminations, all cultures contained 500 mg/l augmentin and incubated at 24 ± 2o C in 16 h light photoperiod for eight weeks. Therafter, all explants were transferred to MS medium for two weeks for shoot regeneration and elongation under same incubation and photoperiod conditions. The results showed that frequency of shoot regeneration increased with increase in TDZ concentrations in both cultivars on both agar and gelrite gelled medium. Both cultivars showed maximum mean number of shoots per explant in gelrite compared to agar gelled medium. Maximum number of 4.72 and 2.86 shoots per explant were recorded on MS medium containing 0.25 mg/l TDZ in cv. Akkiz and cv. Karagoz respectively. Hyperhydricity was recorded on some regenerated shoots, which was more prominant on agar. Agar gelled medium had greater shoot length compared to gelrite medium in both cultivars. Regenerated shoots were rooted easily on MS medium containing 0.50 mg/l IBA with regeneration of mean number of 4 secondary shoots on cv. Akkiz and 3 on cv. Karagoz. Rooted plantlets were successfully hardened in the growth chamber and subsequently established in the greenhouse; where they flowered and set seeds. The recorded survival rate of the plants was 100%. Plants looked healthy with no visible detecTab. phenotypic variations

Direct Axillary Shoot Regeneration From The Mature Seed Explant Of The Hairy Vetch (Vicia Villosa Roth)

The hairy vetch (Vicia villosa Roth) is a climbing, prostrate or trailing legume grown as forage.It fixes atmospheric nitrogen, reduces soil erosion and provides an instant mulch. Multiple axillary shoot regeneration from a mature seed explant (zygotic embryo with two cotyledons) was obtained on MS medium containing 0.05 – 1.6 mg/l TDZ with or without 0.10 mg/l IBA. The frequency (%) of shoot regeneration ranged from 45.83-75.00% with a maximum number of 28.6 shoots per explant on MS medium containing 0.20 mg/l TDZ-0.10 mg/l IBA. The mean shoot length decreased proportionately with each increase in TDZ concentration irrespective of the IBA concentration in the culture medium. However, comparing the two types of regeneration media, longer shoots were recorded in the presence of IBA in the culture medium. Regenerated shoots were pulse treated with 50 mg/l IBA for 5, 10 and 20 min for rooting

Plant regeneration in vitro from immature embryos of lesser burnet (Sanguisorba minor Scop.)

Efficient and reproducible shoot regeneration has been established from immature zygotic embryos of lesser burnet on MS medium containing 4μM BAP and 10μM NAA. Regenerated shoots were best rooted in half-strength MS medium supplemented with 10μM NAA and later established in the greenhouse

Tissue culture in pea and engineering a marker gene for specific expression in target cells for plant transformation.

Abstract not available

Morphological studies on some sainfoin (Onobrychis sp.) species belonging to heliobrychis section

Türkiye’nin farklı bölgelerinde doğal olarak yetişen Heliobrychis seksiyonuna ait 5 farklı korunga türü üzerinde fenotipik varyasyonları ortaya çıkarmak için bazı morfolojik özellikler incelenmiştir. Genel olarak incelenen karakterler sap ve yaprak kısımları, salkım, çiçek, meyve ve tohum kısımlarından oluşmaktadır. Gözlem yapılan morfolojik karakterler açısından korunga türleri arasında yüksek oranda varyasyon belirlenmiştir. İncelenen türler arasında akrabalık ilişkilerini ortaya çıkarmak için morfolojik özellikler üzerinde yapılan hiyerarşik kümeleme analizi sonucunda 3 grup oluşmuştur. Elde edilen sonuçlar gelecekte korunga ıslah çalışmalarına yardımcı olacaktır.Some morphologic characteristics of five sainfoin species, section Heliobrychis collected from natural flora of various regions of Turkey were analyzed based on phenotypic variations. Generally, the shoots and types of leaves, raceme, flower, fruit, and type of seeds were analyzed in the study. High variation was recorded among morphologic characters of sainfoin. Hierarchical Cluster analysis showed relationship between the species due to morphological characteristics ending up with three groups. It is assumed that these results will be beneficial for breeding of sainfoin in the future

In vitro high frequency regeneration through apical shoot proliferation of Hemianthus callitrichoides 'Cuba' - a multipurpose ornamental aquatic plant

WOS:000356358200017Hemianthus callitrichoides 'Cuba' is an ornamental aquatic plant used in water gardens and phytoremediation. A protocol for its rapid and reproducible shoot organogenesis from apical shoot explants was developed. Optimum culture conditions for shoot proliferation were tested in MS media containing different concentrations of 6-(gamma,gamma-dimethylallylamino)purine (2iP), 6-benzylaminopurine (BAP), 1-phenyl-3-1,2,3-thiadiazol-5-yl urea (TDZ), and gibberellic acid (GA(3)). Plant growth regulators significantly (P <= 0.001) affected the diameter, area, and fresh weight of shoot clumps. On the basis of plant growth, the maximum shoot diameter (3.06 cm), area (6.12 cm), and clump weight (2.85 g) of apical shoots were achieved on MS medium containing 0.50 mg L-1 BAP. Higher concentrations of sucrose (9%) showed visible phenotypic growth inhibition and abnormalities were observed in vitro. The regenerated shoots rooted efficiently on MS medium without growth regulators. The growth pattern of multiple shoots indicated their origin from an enlarged shoot base via the proliferation of apical shoots. All in vitro regenerated plantlets acclimatized in aquariums successfully. The simplicity of the protocol and the direct production of multiple shoots make it a potential system that is highly amenable to true-to-type plant regeneration with the ability to maintain genetic stability

In vitro rooting without exogenous auxins and acclimatization of Fritillaria species of Turkey

European Biotechnology Congress -- SEP 28-OCT 01, 2011 -- Istanbul, TURKEYWOS:000295310800454Turkey has great genetic diversity of bulbous plants (geophytes) with beautiful flowers, used as ornamental plants, and also containing alkaloids, with considerable potential for their use in the perfume and pharmaceutical industries. Fritillaria is one of the important geophytes of Turkey, which has the maximum number (36) of species of Fritillaria in the world. Rooting and acclimatization are important steps in the successful micropropagation of bulbous plants, and can be achieved by applying exogenous auxins as common practice under in vitro conditions. This study reports in vitro rooting and acclimatization of Fritillaria imperialis and F. persica (Siverek and Mersin) — genus Fritillaria of the Liliaceaea family — without exogenous application of auxins in the culture medium. Different concentrations of salts (KCl, NaCl and CaCl2); different gelling agents (agar, gelrite) and use of gelling agent + temperature were tested for in vitro rooting followed by acclimatization under greenhouse conditions. NaCl at 10 g/l followed by transfer to greenhouse conditions after 15 days, were found to be more suitable for acclimatization.European Biotechnol Themat Network Asso