5,738 research outputs found
Using sports infrastructure to deliver economic and social change: Lessons for London beyond 2012
Over the last two decades, there has been a
new trend emerging within sport, which has
seen a shift, from investment for the sake of
sport, to investment in sport for good (Sport
England, 2008). In the context of the latter
approach, there has been an emergence of
the use of sport to address regeneration objectives,
largely stemming from the belief of government
and other sporting and non-sporting
organizations, that it can confer a wide range
of economic and social benefits to individuals
and communities beyond those of a purely
physical sporting nature, and can contribute
positively to the revitalization of declining
urban areas (BURA, 2003). This commentary
will examine regeneration legacy in the context
of the London Olympic Games. In particular,
it will focus on the use of sports stadia
as a tool for delivering economic and social
change, and by drawing upon previous examples,
suggest lessons London can learn to
enhance regeneration legacies beyond 2012
Combined color indexes and photometric structure of galaxies NGC 834 and NGC 1134
We present the results of BVRI photometry of two galaxies with active star
formation: NGC 834 and NGC 1134. Combined color index Q_{BVI} was used to
investigate the photometrical structure of the galaxies. Index Q_{BVI} is not
affected by internal extinction and is sensitive to the presence of blue stars.
Ring-like region with active star formation at 15" from the center reveals
itself in the Q_{BVI} map of NGC 834. Three-arm spiral structure is well-seen
on the Q_{BVI} map of NGC 1134.
We propose to use the combined indexes Q_{BVI} and similarly defined indices
as a tracers of Star Formation activity and structure of dusty galaxies.Comment: 3 pages, 4 embedded figures, LaTeX2e, using the EslabStyle.cls file,
presented as a poster in the 33rd ESLAB Symp. "Star formation from the small
to the large scale", Noordwijk, The Netherlands, 2-5 November 1999, (F.
Favata, A.A. Kaas & A. Wilson eds, ESA SP-445
Turboprop cargo aircraft systems study
The effects of using advanced turboprop propulsion systems to reduce the fuel consumption and direct operating costs of cargo aircraft were studied, and the impact of these systems on aircraft noise and noise prints around a terminal area was determined. Parametric variations of aircraft and propeller characteristics were investigated to determine their effects on noiseprint areas, fuel consumption, and direct operating costs. From these results, three aircraft designs were selected and subjected to design refinements and sensitivity analyses. Three competitive turbofan aircraft were also defined from parametric studies to provide a basis for comparing the two types of propulsion
Understanding the truth about subjectivity
Results of two experiments show childrenâs understanding of diversity in personal preference is incomplete. Despite acknowledging diversity, in Experiment 1(N=108), 6-
and 8-year-old children were less likely than adults to see preference as a legitimate basis for personal tastes and more likely to say a single truth could be found about a matter of taste. In Experiment 2 (N=96), 7- and 9-year-olds were less likely than 11- and 13-yearolds to say a dispute about a matter of preference might not be resolved. These data suggest that acceptance of the possibility of diversity does not indicate an adult-like understanding of subjectivity. An understanding of the relative emphasis placed on objective and subjective factors in different contexts continues to develop into adolescence
Very Luminous Carbon Stars in the Outer Disk of the Triangulum Spiral Galaxy
Stars with masses in the range from about 1.3 to 3.5 Mo pass through an
evolutionary stage where they become carbon stars. In this stage, which lasts a
few Myr, these stars are extremely luminous pulsating giants. They are so
luminous in the near-infrared that just a few of them can double the integrated
luminosity of intermediate-age (0.6 to 2 Gyr) Magellanic Cloud clusters at 2.2
microns. Astronomers routinely use such near-infrared observations to minimize
the effects of dust extinction, but it is precisely in this band that carbon
stars can contribute hugely. The actual contribution of carbon stars to the
outer disk light of evolving spiral galaxies has not previously been
morphologically investigated. Here we report new and very deep near-IR images
of the Triangulum spiral galaxy M33=NGC 598, delineating spectacular arcs of
carbon stars in its outer regions. It is these arcs which dominate the
near-infrared m=2 Fourier spectra of M33. We present near-infrared photometry
with the Hale 5-m reflector, and propose that the arcs are the signature of
accretion of low metallicity gas in the outer disk of M33.Comment: 4 pages, 4 figures. Revised version submitted to A&A Letter
Turboprop Cargo Aircraft Systems study, phase 1
The effects of advanced propellers (propfan) on aircraft direct operating costs, fuel consumption, and noiseprints were determined. A comparison of three aircraft selected from the results with competitive turbofan aircraft shows that advanced turboprop aircraft offer these potential benefits, relative to advanced turbofan aircraft: 21 percent fuel saving, 26 percent higher fuel efficiency, 15 percent lower DOCs, and 25 percent shorter field lengths. Fuel consumption for the turboprop is nearly 40 percent less than for current commercial turbofan aircraft. Aircraft with both types of propulsion satisfy current federal noise regulations. Advanced turboprop aircraft have smaller noiseprints at 90 EPNdB than advanced turbofan aircraft, but large noiseprints at 70 and 80 EPNdB levels, which are usually suggested as quietness goals. Accelerated development of advanced turboprops is strongly recommended to permit early attainment of the potential fuel saving. Several areas of work are identified which may produce quieter turboprop aircraft
Quantum computation and the physical computation level of biological information processing
On the basis of introspective analysis, we establish a crucial requirement
for the physical computation basis of consciousness: it should allow processing
a significant amount of information together at the same time. Classical
computation does not satisfy the requirement. At the fundamental physical
level, it is a network of two body interactions, each the input-output
transformation of a universal Boolean gate. Thus, it cannot process together at
the same time more than the three bit input of this gate - many such gates in
parallel do not count since the information is not processed together. Quantum
computation satisfies the requirement. At the light of our recent explanation
of the speed up, quantum measurement of the solution of the problem is
analogous to a many body interaction between the parts of a perfect classical
machine, whose mechanical constraints represent the problem to be solved. The
many body interaction satisfies all the constraints together at the same time,
producing the solution in one shot. This shades light on the physical
computation level of the theories that place consciousness in quantum
measurement and explains how informations coming from disparate sensorial
channels come together in the unity of subjective experience. The fact that the
fundamental mechanism of consciousness is the same of the quantum speed up,
gives quantum consciousness a potentially enormous evolutionary advantage.Comment: 13 page
Cognitive Computation sans Representation
The Computational Theory of Mind (CTM) holds that cognitive processes are essentially computational, and hence computation provides the scientific key to explaining mentality. The Representational Theory of Mind (RTM) holds that representational content is the key feature in distinguishing mental from non-mental systems. I argue that there is a deep incompatibility between these two theoretical frameworks, and that the acceptance of CTM provides strong grounds for rejecting RTM. The focal point of the incompatibility is the fact that representational content is extrinsic to formal procedures as such, and the intended interpretation of syntax makes no difference to the execution of an algorithm. So the unique 'content' postulated by RTM is superfluous to the formal procedures of CTM. And once these procedures are implemented in a physical mechanism, it is exclusively the causal properties of the physical mechanism that are responsible for all aspects of the system's behaviour. So once again, postulated content is rendered superfluous. To the extent that semantic content may appear to play a role in behaviour, it must be syntactically encoded within the system, and just as in a standard computational artefact, so too with the human mind/brain - it's pure syntax all the way down to the level of physical implementation. Hence 'content' is at most a convenient meta-level gloss, projected from the outside by human theorists, which itself can play no role in cognitive processing
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