The emergence of oral tadalafil as a once-daily treatment for pulmonary arterial hypertension

Pulmonary hypertension (PH) is found in a vast array of diseases, with a minority representing pulmonary arterial hypertension (PAH). Idiopathic PAH or PAH in association with other disorders has been associated with poor survival, poor exercise tolerance, progressive symptoms of dyspnea, and decreased quality of life. Left untreated, patients with PAH typically have a progressive decline in function with high morbidity ultimately leading to death. Advances in medical therapy for PAH over the past decade have made significant inroads into improved function, quality of life, and even survival in this patient population. Three classes of pulmonary artery-specific vasodilators are currently available in the United States. They include prostanoids, endothelin receptor antagonists, and phosphodiesterase type 5 (PDE5) inhibitors. In May 2009, the FDA approved tadalafil, the first once-daily PDE5 inhibitor for PAH. This review will outline the currently available data on tadalafil and its effects in patients with PAH

Блок измерения объёма подземных полостей в горнодобывающей промышленности

Выпускная квалификационная работа 77 с., 13 рис., 23 табл., 19 источника, 2 прил. Объектом исследования является блок измерения объема подземных полостей в горнодобывающей промышленности. Цель работы: разработка блока измерения объема подземных полостей в горнодобывающей промышленности. В процессе исследования проводились: литературный обзор, разработка структурной и принципиальной схем устройства, разработка алгоритма вычисления объема фигур неправильной формы, написание программы для микроконтроллера. В результате исследования: был спроектирован блок измерения объема подземных полостей. Основные конструктивные, технологические и технико-эксплуатационные характеристики: Режим работы – непрерывный;Final qualifying work 77 p., 13 fig., 23 tab., 19 sources, 2 adj. The object of this study is to measure the volume flow of underground cavities in the mining industry. Objective: Development of unit volume measurement of underground cavities in the mining industry. The study was conducted with a literature review, the development of the structural and fundamental unit circuits, the development of the algorithm for calculating the volume of irregularly shaped pieces, writing a program for the microcontroller. As a result of the study: it was designed unit measuring the volume of underground cavities. The basic constructive, technological and technical and operational characteristics: operating mode - continuous

Involvement of private investors on the financial market of the Russian Federation: analysis of problems and actions of regulating authorit

In this article, the problems of attracting private investment in the financial markets of the Russian Federation are examined. The analysis of measures carried out by the regulator of the financial market on achievement of positive dynamics in attraction of savings of the population in the financial markets is carried out. Conclusions have been made about the need for additional instruments of impact on the population and on the pfessional market participants who would help stimulate the population in choosing the Russian stock market

Проект установки водоподготовки в производстве метанола ООО «Сибметахим"

Объект исследования является система водоснабжения ООО «Сибметахим» г. Томск, которая включает очистку от взвешенных частиц, получение деминерализованной воды и турбинных конденсатов. Разрабатываемый проект стадии водоподготовки представляет собой комплекс сооружений, оборудования и трубопроводов обеспечивающих забор воды из реки Томь, очистку и ее обработку, транспортирование и подачу воды потребителю требуемых расходов и качества. Цель дипломного проекта является разработка усовершенствованной схемы очистки речной воды. Технологическая схема водоподготовительной установки включает механическую и физико-химическую очистку сточной воды. Основным аппаратом является ионообменные фильтры, размер и количество аппаратов было определенно исходя из материального баланса и аппаратурного расчета. Так же были проведены расчеты теплового баланса, гидравлического расчета, механического расчета. Экономическими показателями данного водоподготовительного цеха позволяет покрыть расходы на модернизацию в течении 95 месяцев.The object of study is the water supply system, OOO Sibmetahim" (Tomsk), which includes purification from suspended particles, obtaining demineralized water and turbine condensates. The project stage of water treatment is a complex of structures, equipment and pipelines to ensure water intake from the Tom river, cleaning and processing, transport and water supply of the required costs and quality. The goal of the graduation project is to develop an improved purification of river water. Technological scheme of water treatment plant includes the mechanical and physico-chemical treatment of waste water

A Precision Measurement of pp Elastic Scattering Cross Sections at Intermediate Energies

We have measured differential cross sections for \pp elastic scattering with internal fiber targets in the recirculating beam of the proton synchrotron COSY. Measurements were made continuously during acceleration for projectile kinetic energies between 0.23 and 2.59 GeV in the angular range $30 \leq \theta_{c.m.} \leq 90$ deg. Details of the apparatus and the data analysis are given and the resulting excitation functions and angular distributions presented. The precision of each data point is typically better than 4%, and a relative normalization uncertainty of only 2.5% within an excitation function has been reached. The impact on phase shift analysis as well as upper bounds on possible resonant contributions in lower partial waves are discussed.Comment: 23 pages 29 figure

Ehlers-Harrison transformations and black holes in Dilaton-Axion Gravity with multiple vector fields

Dilaton-axion gravity with $p U(1)$ vector fields is studied on space-times admitting a timelike Killing vector field. Three-dimensional sigma-model is derived in terms of K\"ahler geometry, and holomorphic representation of the SO(2,2+p) global symmetry is constructed. A general static black hole solution depending on $2p+5$ parameters is obtained via SO(2,2+p) covariantization of the Schwarzschild solution. The metric in the curvature coordinates looks as the variable mass Reissner-Nordstr\"om one and generically possesses two horizons. The inner horizon is pushed to the singularity if electric and magnetic SO(p) charge vectors are parallel. For non-parallel charges the inner horizon has a finite area except for an extremal limit when this property is preserved only for orthogonal charges. Extremal dyon configurations with orthogonal charges have finite horizon radii continuously varying from zero to the ADM mass. New general solution is endowed with a NUT parameter, asymptotic values of dilaton and axion, and a gauge parameter which can be used to ascribe any given value to one of scalar charges.Comment: 37 pages, Late

Разработка и исследование автономной системы управления солнечной батареи

В данной работе выполнен анализ динамических характеристик системы ориентации солнечной батареи, осуществляющей слежение за перемещением солнца с использованием MatLab-моделирования. Отслеживание таких объектов возможно при условии знания его координат. Одним из требований, предъявляемых к следящему электроприводу, являются требования минимума статической и динамической ошибок позиционирования устройства. При эксплуатации систем слежения в удаленных местах так же появляется требование по сокращению потребления электроэнергии самой системы. Для снижения электропотребления необходимо уменьшать колебания антенны в режиме слежения.In this work, an analysis is made of the dynamic characteristics of a solar battery orientation system that monitors the movement of the sun using MatLab modeling. Tracking of such objects is possible under condition of knowledge of its coordinates. One of the requirements for a servomotor drive is the requirements of a minimum of static and dynamic device positioning errors. When operating tracking systems in remote locations, there is also a requirement to reduce the electricity consumption of the system itself. To reduce power consumption, it is necessary to reduce antenna oscillations in tracking mode

U-Duality and Symplectic Formulation of Dilaton-Axion Gravity

We study a bosonic four--dimensional effective action corresponding to the heterotic string compactified on a 6--torus (dilaton--axion gravity with one vector field) on a curved space--time manifold possessing a time--like Killing vector field. Previously an existence of the $SO(2,3)\sim Sp(4, R)$ global symmetry ($U$--duality) as well as the symmetric space property of the corresponding $\sigma$--model have been established following Neugebauer and Kramer approach. Here we present an explicit form of the $Sp(4, R)$ generators in terms of coset variables and construct a representation of the coset in terms of the physical target space coordinates. Complex symmetric $2\times 2$ matrix $Z$ (``matrix dilaton --axion'') is introduced for which $U$--duality takes the matrix valued $SL(2, R)$ form. In terms of this matrix the theory is further presented as a K\"ahler $\sigma$--model. This leads to a more concise $2\times 2$ formulation which opens new ways to construct exact classical solutions. New solution (corresponding to constant ${\rm Im} Z$ ) is obtained which describes the system of point massless magnetic monopoles endowed with axion charges equal to minus monopole charges. In such a system mutual magnetic repulsion is exactly balanced by axion attraction so that the resulting space time is locally flat but possesses multiple Taub--NUT singularities.Comment: LATEX, 20 pages, no figure