Ein Valenzwörterbuch auf semantischer Basis

Dieser Beitrag hat zum Ziel, über ein neu angelaufenes Forschungsprojekt zu unterrichten, das am IdS mit Unterstützung der Deutschen Forschungsgemeinschaft durchgeführt wird. Es ist beabsichtigt, in der ersten Phase des Projekts die Voraussetzungen zu schaffen, um ein Valenz Wörterbuch deutscher Verben zu erstellen. Dieses soll sich von den bisher vorliegenden Wörterbüchern in diesem Bereich dadurch unterscheiden, daß es nicht nur primär die syntaktischen Relationen auf die Ausdrucksseite der Sprachzeichen darstellt, sondern auch die Inhaltsseite explizit in die Beschreibung einbezieht

Incidence of adverse events with telmisartan compared with ACE inhibitors: evidence from a pooled analysis of clinical trials

Telmisartan is indicated for the prevention of cardiovascular events in high-risk patients, based on comparable efficacy to the angiotensin-converting enzyme (ACE) inhibitor, ramipril, in the ONgoing Telmisartan Alone and in combination with Ramipril Global Endpoint Trial (ONTARGET®) trial. However, tolerability must be considered when selecting treatments. This analysis compared the tolerability of telmisartan and ACE inhibitors using data pooled from 12 comparative, randomized studies involving 2564 telmisartan-treated patients and 2144 receiving ACE inhibitors (enalapril, lisinopril, or ramipril). Incidence rates of adverse events for the combined ACE inhibitor treatments and for telmisartan were similar (42.8% vs 43.9%, respectively) as were the rates of serious adverse events (1.8% vs 1.7% for telmisartan, respectively). Patients receiving ACE inhibitors had more cough (8.6% vs 2.6% with telmisartan, P < 0.0001). Results were similar irrespective of age, gender, or ethnicity. The adverse event of angioedema was observed in four patients (0.2%) receiving ACE inhibitors versus none with telmisartan (P = 0.043). There were small, numerical differences in serious adverse events. A total of 107 patients (5.0%) receiving ACE inhibitors and 93 patients (3.6%) receiving telmisartan discontinued treatment because of adverse events (P = 0.021); of these, 32.7% and 5.4%, respectively, were discontinuations due to cough (relative risk reduction of 88% [P < 0.0001] with telmisartan). Telmisartan and ACE inhibitors produced comparable blood pressure reductions at marketed doses. Telmisartan and ACE inhibitors are suitable for the prevention of cardiovascular events in high-risk patients, but telmisartan is better tolerated, particularly with regard to cough

Pathophysiological Factors in the Relationship between Chronological Age and Calculated Lung Age as Detected in a Screening Setting in Community-Dwelling Subjects

Aim: To explore the relationship between pathophysiological factors and premature lung ageing in a cohort of community-dwelling subjects in a health-screening setting. Methods: 16,107 pharmacy customers in Germany (5954 males, 10153 females; mean age 59.7 years)) participated in a lung function screening project by providing demographic data including smoking status and known airway conditions and performing spirometry with a Vitalograph, a spirometry screening device. Lung age was calculated from the spirometric findings, and the difference between chronological age and calculated lung age was analyzed in its relationship to the demographic data in general linear models. Results: In the overall cohort, calculated lung age exceeded chronological age by 10.0 years. Based on the subset of non-smokers not reporting any airway conditions, Vitalograph data in this setting may underestimate FEV1 to some degree but this apparently had little impact on the detection of association of lung age with pathophysiological factors or the corresponding effect sizes. The most important factors associated with greater lung age based on strength of association were presence of dyspnea, being a smoker and reporting a history of COPD or asthma. Corresponding effect sizes for the difference between age and lung age were 6.5, 5.7, 13.9 and 8.3 years over the chronological age. Discussion and Conclusions: These data confirm the usefulness of screening devices of lung function testing for epidemiological but potentially also for pharmaco-epidemiological studies

Efficacy of Telmisartan Plus Amlodipine in Nonresponders to CCB Monotherapy

Hypertensive patients unable to reach blood pressure (BP) targets with antihypertensive monotherapy may be switched to a combination of two medications with complementary modes of action for improved treatment response. This post hoc analysis pools data from 2812 patients, 1891 of whom were not at goal (diastolic BP [DBP] <90 mm Hg) with amlodipine 5 mg (A5) monotherapy who subsequently switched to telmisartan 40 or 80 mg (T80)/A5 single-pill combination (SPC) or amlodipine 10 mg (A10) monotherapy, and considers an additional 921 patients, 616 of whom were not at goal with A10 monotherapy who switched to telmisartan/amlodipine SPC. Patients switched to telmisartan/amlodipine SPC achieved significantly greater BP reductions compared with continued monotherapy (P<0.0001) with reductions of −15.2/−10.9 mm Hg seen with T80/A5 after 8 weeks in patients switched from A5. BP goal (<140/90 mm Hg), systolic BP goal (<140 mm Hg), and DBP goal (<90 mm Hg) were reached by significantly more patients with telmisartan/amlodipine than with monotherapy (P<0.0001 for all comparisons; 56.1%, 69.7%, and 66.9%, resp., in patients who switched from A5 to T80/A5). Early use of such combination therapy should be considered to quickly reach BP targets, particularly in patients with added risk

Structural properties of InAlN single layers nearly latice-matched to GaN grown by plasma assisted molecular beal epitaxy

The high lattice mismatch between III-nitride binaries (InN, GaN and AlN) remains a key problem to grow high quality III-nitride heterostructures. Recent interest has been focused on the growth of high-quality InAlN layers, with approximately 18% of indium incorporation, in-plane lattice-matched (LM) to GaN. While a lot of work has been done by metal-organic vapour phase epitaxy (MOVPE) by Carlin and co-workers, its growth by molecular beam epitaxy (MBE) is still in infanc

Symptom trajectories in patients with panic disorder in a primary care intervention: Results from a randomized controlled trial (PARADISE)

This analysis aims to identify and characterize symptom trajectories in primary care patients with panic disorder with/without agoraphobia (PD/AG) who participated in a primary care team based training involving elements of cognitive behavioural therapy (CBT). Growth Mixture Modeling was used to identify different latent classes of change in patients with PD/AG (N = 176) who underwent treatment including CBT elements. We identified three patient classes with distinct similar trajectories. Class 1 (n = 58, mean age: 46.2 years +/- 13.4 years, 81% women) consisted of patients with an initially high symptom burden, but symptoms declined constantly over the intervention period. Symptoms of patients in class 2 (n = 89, mean age: 44.2 years +/- 14.5 years, 67.4% women) declined rapidly at the beginning, then patients went into a plateau-phase. The third class (n = 29, mean age: 47.0 years +/- 12.4 years, 65.5% women) was characterized by an unstable course and had the worse outcome. Our findings show that only a minority did not respond to the treatment. To identify this minority and refer to a specialist would help patients to get intensive care in time