Bondi-Metzner-Sachs symmetry, holography on null-surfaces and area proportionality of "light-slice" entropy

It is shown that certain kinds of behavior, which hitherto were expected to be characteristic for classical gravity and quantum field theory in curved spacetime, as the infinite dimensional Bondi-Metzner-Sachs symmetry, holography on event horizons and an area proportionality of entropy, have in fact an unnoticed presence in Minkowski QFT. This casts new light on the fundamental question whether the volume propotionality of heat bath entropy and the (logarithmically corrected) dimensionless area law obeyed by localization-induced thermal behavior are different geometric parametrizations which share a common primordeal algebraic origin. Strong arguments are presented that these two different thermal manifestations can be directly related, this is in fact the main aim of this paper. It will be demonstrated that QFT beyond the Lagrangian quantization setting receives crucial new impulses from holography onto horizons. The present paper is part of a project aimed at elucidating the enormous physical range of "modular localization". The latter does not only extend from standard Hamitonian heat bath thermal states to thermal aspects of causal- or event- horizons addressed in this paper. It also includes the recent understanding of the crossing property of formfactors whose intriguing similarity with thermal properties was, although sometimes noticed, only sufficiently understood in the modular llocalization setting.Comment: 42 pages, changes, addition of new results and new references, in this form the paper will appear in Foundations of Physic

The Pivotal Role of Causality in Local Quantum Physics

In this article an attempt is made to present very recent conceptual and computational developments in QFT as new manifestations of old and well establihed physical principles. The vehicle for converting the quantum-algebraic aspects of local quantum physics into more classical geometric structures is the modular theory of Tomita. As the above named laureate to whom I have dedicated has shown together with his collaborator for the first time in sufficient generality, its use in physics goes through Einstein causality. This line of research recently gained momentum when it was realized that it is not only of structural and conceptual innovative power (see section 4), but also promises to be a new computational road into nonperturbative QFT (section 5) which, picturesquely speaking, enters the subject on the extreme opposite (noncommutative) side.Comment: This is a updated version which has been submitted to Journal of Physics A, tcilatex 62 pages. Adress: Institut fuer Theoretische Physik FU-Berlin, Arnimallee 14, 14195 Berlin presently CBPF, Rua Dr. Xavier Sigaud 150, 22290-180 Rio de Janeiro, Brazi

Causality and dispersion relations and the role of the S-matrix in the ongoing research

The adaptation of the Kramers-Kronig dispersion relations to the causal localization structure of QFT led to an important project in particle physics, the only one with a successful closure. The same cannot be said about the subsequent attempts to formulate particle physics as a pure S-matrix project. The feasibility of a pure S-matrix approach are critically analyzed and their serious shortcomings are highlighted. Whereas the conceptual/mathematical demands of renormalized perturbation theory are modest and misunderstandings could easily be corrected, the correct understanding about the origin of the crossing property requires the use of the mathematical theory of modular localization and its relation to the thermal KMS condition. These new concepts, which combine localization, vacuum polarization and thermal properties under the roof of modular theory, will be explained and their potential use in a new constructive (nonperturbative) approach to QFT will be indicated. The S-matrix still plays a predominant role but, different from Heisenberg's and Mandelstam's proposals, the new project is not a pure S-matrix approach. The S-matrix plays a new role as a "relative modular invariant"..Comment: 47 pages expansion of arguments and addition of references, corrections of misprints and bad formulation

The paradigm of the area law and the structure of transversal and longitudinal lightfront degrees of freedom

It is shown that an algebraically defined holographic projection of a QFT onto the lightfront changes the local quantum properties in a very drastic way. The expected ubiquitous vacuum polarization characteristic of QFT is confined to the lightray (longitudinal) direction, whereas operators whose localization is transversely separated are completely free of vacuum correlations. This unexpected ''transverse return to QM'' combined with the rather universal nature of the strongly longitudinal correlated vacuum correlations (which turn out to be described by rather kinematical chiral theories) leads to a d-2 dimensional area structure of the d-1 dimensional lightfront theory. An additive transcription in terms of an appropriately defined entropy related to the vacuum restricted to the horizon is proposed and its model independent universality aspects which permit its interpretation as a quantum candidate for Bekenstein's area law are discussed. The transverse tensor product foliation structure of lightfront degrees of freedom is essential for the simplifying aspects of the algebraic lightcone holography. Key-words: Quantum field theory; Mathematical physics, Quantum gravityComment: 16 pages latex, identical to version published in JPA: Math. Gen. 35 (2002) 9165-918

Stability and Manipulation in Representative Democracies

This paper is devoted to the analysis of all constitutions equipped with electoral systems involving two step procedures. First, one candidate is elected in every jurisdiction by the electors in that jurisdiction, according to some aggregation procedure. Second, another aggregation procedure collects the names of the jurisdictional winners in order to designate the final winner. It appears that whenever individuals are allowed to change jurisdiction when casting their ballot, they are able to manipulate the result of the election except in very few cases. When imposing a paretian condition on every jurisdiction?s voting rule, it is shown that, in the case of any finite number of candidates, any two steps voting rule that is not manipulable by movement of the electors necessarily gives to every voter the power of overruling the unanimity on its own. A characterization of the set of these rules is next provided in the case of two candidates

Анализ соблюдения правового режима в границах зон санитарной охраны водозабора г. Семей Республика Казахстан

Объектом исследования является подземный водозабор "Смычка", расположенный на о. Смычка (г. Семей, Республика Казахстан). Цель работы – оценка и анализ соблюдения правового режима в границах зон санитарной охраны (ЗСО) водозабора "Смычка" г. Семей Республики Казахстан. В процессе выполнения выпускной квалификационной работы изучена нормативно-правовая документация, определяющая порядок установления ЗСО источников питьевого водоснабжения, внесение сведений в ЕГРН, проведена оценка соблюдения правового режима использования территории в пределах ЗСО водозабора "Смычка", разработаны рекомендации по оптимизации состояния и развития территории в границах ЗСО данного водозабора.The object of the study is the underground water intake "Smychka", located on the island of Smychka (Semey, Republic of Kazakhstan). The purpose of the work is to assess and analyze compliance with the legal regime within the boundaries of the sanitary protection zones (ZSO) of the Smychka water intake in Semey, Republic of Kazakhstan. In the course of the final qualification work, the regulatory and legal documentation defining the procedure for establishing the ZSO of drinking water sources, entering information into the Unified State Register of Natural Resources, assessing compliance with the legal regime for the use of the territory within the ZSO of the "Smychka" water intake

Massive Vector Mesons and Gauge Theory

We show that the requirements of renormalizability and physical consistency imposed on perturbative interactions of massive vector mesons fix the theory essentially uniquely. In particular physical consistency demands the presence of at least one additional physical degree of freedom which was not part of the originally required physical particle content. In its simplest realization (probably the only one) these are scalar fields as envisaged by Higgs but in the present formulation without the ``symmetry-breaking Higgs condensate''. The final result agrees precisely with the usual quantization of a classical gauge theory by means of the Higgs mechanism. Our method proves an old conjecture of Cornwall, Levin and Tiktopoulos stating that the renormalization and consistency requirements of spin=1 particles lead to the gauge theory structure (i.e. a kind of inverse of 't Hooft's famous renormalizability proof in quantized gauge theories) which was based on the on-shell unitarity of the $S$-matrix. We also speculate on a possible future ghostfree formulation which avoids ''field coordinates'' altogether and is expected to reconcile the on-shell S-matrix point of view with the off-shell field theory structure.Comment: 53 pages, version to appear in J. Phys.

Development of dynamic, space distributed mathematical model of DCT of production uranium hexafluoride and the further modeling of process

The publication deals with two major hydrodynamic model, which is used in the simulation of mass transfer processes. This model of an ideal mixing and model of ideal displacement. Job pokkazyvaet their application in industry, namely the use of the device-combined typeWork shows their application in industry, in part the use of the device-combined type

The Refractive Index of Silicon at Gamma Ray Energies

The index of refraction n(E_{\gamma})=1+\delta(E_{\gamma})+i\beta(E_{\gamma}) is split into a real part \delta and an absorptive part \beta. The absorptive part has the three well-known contributions to the cross section \sigma_{abs}: the photo effect, the Compton effect and the pair creation, but there is also the inelastic Delbr\"uck scattering. Second-order elastic scattering cross sections \sigma_{sca} with Rayleigh scattering (virtual photo effect), virtual Compton effect and Delbr\"uck scattering (virtual pair creation) can be calculated by integrals of the Kramers-Kronig dispersion relations from the cross section \sigma_{abs}. The real elastic scattering amplitudes are proportional to the refractive indices \delta_{photo}, \delta_{Compton} and \delta_{pair}. While for X-rays the negative \delta_{photo} dominates, we show for the first time experimentally and theoretically that the positive \delta_{pair} dominates for \gamma rays, opening a new era of \gamma optics applications, i.e. of nuclear photonics.Comment: 4 pages, 3 figure