Comportamento eletroquímico e susceptibilidade a corrosão sob tensão do aço ABNT 1080 utilizado em armaduras de concreto protendido

Estudou-se o comportamento à corrosão e à corrosão-sob-tensão do aço eutetóide empregado em concreto protendido utilizando diversas técnicas experimentais, como curvas de polarização, ensaios de tração com velocidades de deformação média, e ensaios fractomecânicos. Utilizou-se como meio, simulando, o que é usualmente encontrado nos poros do concreto, o Ca(OH)2 saturado, contaminado com diversos teores de cloreto e sulfatos. Com fins comparativos, utilizou-se a solução de tiocianato de amônia padronizada para avaliar a susceptibilidade de aços à fragilização por hidrogênio de aços em concreto. A influência de parâmetros como potencial, temperatura (entre 0° e 90 ) e temperatura de revenido, entre outros são avaliados. O mecanismo de ruptura é avaliado tendo o hidrogênio uma participação importante neste processo.The corrosion and stress corrosion behaviour of AISI 1080 steel employed in concrete prestressed tendon was studied with different experimental techniques. A simulated solution usually found in concrete with and without contaminants as chlorides and sulphates was used. For comparison purpose the standard ammonium tiocianate solution was employed in some Polarization tests, constant extention rate tests with intermediate velocities and fractomechanic tests. The influence of parameters like potentiall temperature (between 0° and 90°), temper temperature of the steell was studied. The results showed that the fracture mechanism is associated with hydrogen action in the stress corrosion cracking process

2-hydroxyethilammonium oleate protic ionic liquid as corrosion inhibitor for aluminum in neutral medium

Protic ionic liquid (PIL) 2‐hydroxyethylammonium oleate (2HEAOl) proved to be a good lubricant for aluminum‐forming processes. However, with the aim of keeping the formed component integrity, it is interesting that the same substance employed during forming does not need to be removed and works out as corrosion inhibitor. Then, the aim of this study was to test the performance of 2HEAOl as corrosion inhibitor for aluminum in neutral 0.5 mol/L NaCl medium by electrochemical characterization. Results showed that the concentration of 5 × 10−4 mol/L was a suitable concentration to promote corrosion inhibition until 72 h at the high chloride concentration studied. The PIL worked out as mixed‐type organic corrosion inhibitor, as it promoted the diminution of the oxygen reduction reaction rate and, in consequence, the pit initiation by its adsorption on the metal surface

First-principles generation of Stereographic Maps for high-field magnetoresistance in normal metals: an application to Au and Ag

About thirty high-field magnetoresistance Stereographic Maps have been measured for metals between Fifties and Seventies but no way was known till now to compare these complex experimental data with first-principles computations. We present here the method we developed to generate Stereographic Maps directly from a metal's Fermi Surface, based on the Lifshitz model and the recent advances by S.P. Novikov and his pupils. As an application, we test the method with an interesting toy model and then with Au and Ag.Comment: 10 pages, 11 figure

INFLUÊNCIA DO POTENCIAL, E DA PRESENÇA DE Na2S2O3 e Na2S NA FRAGILIZAÇÃO PELO HIDROGÊNIO DO AÇO API 5CT P110 EM ÁGUA DO MAR SINTÉTICA

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Discovery of Nanoscale Electric Field-Induced Phase Transitions in ZrO\u3csub\u3e2\u3c/sub\u3e

The emergence of ferroelectric and antiferroelectric properties in the semiconductor industry’s most prominent high-k dielectrics, HfO2 and ZrO2, is leading to technology developments unanticipated a decade ago. Yet the failure to clearly distinguish ferroelectric from antiferroelectric behavior is impeding progress. Band-excitation piezoresponse force microscopy and molecular dynamics are used to elucidate the nanoscale electric field-induced phase transitions present in ZrO2-based antiferroelectrics. Antiferroelectric ZrO2 is clearly distinguished from a closely resembling pinched La-doped HfO2 ferroelectric. Crystalline grains in the range of 3 – 20 nm are imaged independently undergoing reversible electric field induced phase transitions. The electrically accessible nanoscale phase transitions discovered in this study open up an unprecedented paradigm for the development of new nanoelectronic devices

An amino-based protic ionic liquid as a corrosion inhibitor of mild steel in aqueous chloride solutions

Protic ionic liquids (PILs) have shown to be promising substances as corrosion inhibitors (CIs). In line with this, the aim of this study is to study the performance and propose the corrosion inhibition mechanism of N‐methyl‐2‐ hydroxyethylamine (M‐2HEAOL) and bis‐2‐hidroxyethylamine (B‐HEAOL) oleate, for mild steel, in a neutral chloride solution. Electrochemical characterization was conducted under static and hydrodynamic conditions, and it was revealed that M‐2HEAOL and B‐HEAOL worked as mixed‐type CIs with more interference on the anodic reaction. Inhibition efficiency depended on the concentration reaching 97% of inhibition efficiency in 5 mmol/L concentration. Scanning electron microscopy, optical interferometry, Raman spectroscopy, and Fourier‐transform infrared spectroscopy are used to elicit the chemical composition of the surface film and corrosion morphology of steel in the presence of CIs, the adsorption processes of which involved physical and chemical adsorption between metal and different parts of ionic liquids. The results allowed the proposition of a corrosion inhibition mechanism

N-methyl-2-hydroxyethylammonium oleate ionic liquid performance as corrosion inhibitor for mild steel in hydrochloric acid medium

The aim of the present study is to evaluate the performance of N‐methyl‐2‐ hydroxyethylammonium oleate ([m‐2HEA][Ol]) as a corrosion inhibitor for mild steel in a 0.1‐mol/L hydrochloric acid solution and also investigate the role of chloride in the inhibition mechanism. This protic ionic liquid (PIL) has formerly shown a high efficiency as a corrosion inhibitor in a neutral chloride medium. Electrochemical and weight loss measurements, surface contact angle determination, scanning electron microscopy, and Raman spectroscopy were used to understand the factors that influence the response of the studied inhibitor. Results revealed that [m‐2HEA][Ol] behaves as a mixed‐type adsorption inhibitor, by blocking cathodic sites and by modifying the activation energy of the anodic reaction, and it can reach up to 94–97% of inhibition efficiency. PIL adsorption was enhanced by the excess of positive charge of the mild steel. The effect of inhibitor molecule has been discussed to propose a mechanism that explains the inhibitory action of the corrosion inhibitor, pointing out the role of chloride in the inhibition mechanism

Controlling the generation of bilayer and Q1 multilayer vesicles in block copolymer/epoxy blends by a slow photopolymerization process

Vesicles are a highly attractive morphology to achieve in micellar dispersions of block copolymers (BCP) in epoxy thermosets due to the fact that small amounts can affect a large volume fraction of the matrix, a fact that is important for toughening purposes. However, generating vesicles in epoxy matrices requires operating in a narrow range of formulations and processing conditions. In this report, we show that block-copolymer vesicles dispersed in an epoxy matrix could be obtained through a sphere-tocylinder-to-vesicle micellar transition induced by visible-light photopolymerization at room temperature. A 10 wt% colloidal solution of poly(ethylene-co-butene)-block-poly(ethylene oxide) (PEB-b-PEO) block copolymer (BCP) in an epoxy monomer (DGEBA) self-assembled into spherical micelles as shown by small-angle X-ray scattering (SAXS). During a slow photopolymerization of the epoxy monomer carried out at room temperature, a sphere-to-cylinder-to-vesicle transition took place as revealed by in situ SAXS and TEM images. This was driven by the tendency of the system to reduce the local interfacial curvature as a response to a decrease in the miscibility of PEO blocks in the polymerizing epoxy matrix. When the BCP concentration was increased from 10 to 20 and 40 wt%, the final structure evolved from bilayer vesicles to multilayer vesicles and to lamellae, respectively. In particular, for 20 wt% PEB-b-PEO, transient structures such as partially fused multilayered vesicles were observed by TEM, giving insight into the growth mechanism of multilayer vesicles. On the contrary, when a relatively fast thermal polymerization was performed at 80 1C, the final morphology consisted of kinetically trapped spherical micelles. Hopefully, this study will lead to new protocols for the preparation of vesicles dispersed in epoxy matrices in a controlled way.Facultad de Ciencias ExactasInstituto de Investigaciones Fisicoquímicas Teóricas y Aplicada

Método de prevenção da fragilização por hidrogênio de componentes a partir de revestimentos por aspersão térmica

Universidade Federal do Rio Grande do SulEngenhariaDepositad