A Prospective, Randomized, Double-blind, Vehicle-controlled, Multi-centre Clinical Trial of Efficacy, Safety and Local Tolerability

This study was a prospective, parallel-group, randomized, double-blind, vehicle-controlled, multi-centre clinical trial to compare the efficacy of topical sertaconazole 2% cream with vehicle in reducing chronic pruritus in subjects with atopic dermatitis, and to assess its safety and local tolerability. A total of 70 subjects applied either of the 2 treatments twice daily for a period of 4 weeks on affected, itchy skin areas. Treatment efficacy was evaluated primarily considering the item itch intensity on a 5-point verbal rating scale. Insomnia, state of atopic dermatitis (Scoring Atopic Dermatitis; SCORAD), quality of life and therapy benefit were also assessed. No significant difference between active treatment and vehicle was found at any of the time-points for any of the investigated parameters. Under the experimental conditions of the study, sertaconazole 2% cream did not exert anti-pruritic effects that were better than vehicle in subjects with atopic dermatitis who had chronic pruritus. Trial registration ClinicalTrials.gov #NCT01792713

In vitro comparison of cleaning efficacy and force of cylindric interdental brush versus an interdental rubber pick

Background Interdental brushes (IDB) are according to the actual evidence the first choice for cleaning interdental areas (IDR). Their size should be chosen individually according to the IDR morphology. However, interdental rubber picks (IRP) are appreciated better by the patients and are hence becoming more and more popular but the evidence regarding their efficacy is still limited. The aim of this in vitro study was to measure the experimental cleaning efficacy (ECE) and force (ECF) during the use of interdental brushes versus newer wireless types with rubber filaments (IRP), both fitted and non-fitted for different IDR. Results Overall, a higher ECE was recorded for IDB compared to IRP (58.3 ± 14.9% versus 18.4 ± 10.1%; p < 0.001). ECE significantly depended on the fitting of the IDB. ECE was significant higher in isosceles triangle compared to concave and convex IDR for both IDB and IRP (p ≤ 0.001). ECF was lower for IDB (0.6 ± 0.4N) compared to IRP (0.8 ± 0.5N; p ≤ 0.001). ECE in relation to ECF increases with smaller IDB. For IRP highest values of ECF were found in the smallest IDR. Conclusions Within the limitations of an in vitro study, size fitted IDB cleaned more effectively at lower forces compared to conical IRP

New experimental setup for the measurement of cleaning efficacy and force of interdental aids in 3D-reproduced interdental areas

BACKGROUND:Interdental rubber picks (IRP) have become a frequent and convenient alternative for interdental cleaning. However, only little evidence exists supporting the effectiveness of newer designs available on the market. Therefore, a new in vitro model was evaluated to measure the experimental cleaning efficacy (ECE), as well as the force needed for insertion and during the use of IRP, with high reproducibility. Interdental tooth surfaces were reproduced by a 3D-printer (Form 2, Formlabs Sommerville, MA, USA) according to human teeth and matched to morphologically equivalent pairs (isosceles triangle, concave, convex) fitting to different gap sizes (1.0 mm, 1.1 mm, 1.3 mm). The pre-/post brushing situations at interdental areas (standardized cleaning, computer aided ten cycles) were photographically recorded and quantified by digital image subtraction to calculate ECE [%]. Forces were registered with a load cell [N]. RESULTS:IRP-F have to be inserted with significant higher forces of 3.2 ± 1.8 N compared to IRP-S (2.0 ± 1.6 N; p < 0.001) independent of the size and type of artificial interdental area. During cleaning process IRP-S showed significantly lower values for pushing/pulling (1.0 ± 0.8 N/0.5 ± 0.4 N) compared to IRP-F (1.6 ± 0.8 N/0.7 ± 0.3 N; p < 0.001) concomitant to significantly lower ECE (19.1 ± 9.8 vs. 21.7 ± 10.0%, p = 0.002). Highest ECE was measured with largest size of IRP-F/IRP-S independent the morphology of interdental area. CONCLUSIONS:New interdental cleaning aids can be tested by the new experimental setup supported by 3D printing technology. Within the limitations of an in vitro study, IRP-F cleaned more effectively at higher forces compared to IRP-S

Nivel y relación de sedentarismo y estado nutricional de una muestra de alumnos/as de 2° a 5° básico que asisten a colegios particulares pagados en las comunas de Las Condes, Vitacura, Providencia y Lo Barnechea en el segundo semestre escolar, año 2014

Tesis (Profesor de Educación física, Licenciado en Educación)El objetivo de la presente investigación es comparar el nivel de sedentarismo, respecto al estado nutricional de una muestra de alumnos y alumnas de segundo, tercero, cuarto y quinto básico que asisten a colegios particulares pagados de las comunas de Las Condes, Vitacura, Providencia y Lo Barnechea. Esto, porque hoy en dia se sabe que los niños y niñas de Chile, Latinoamérica y a nivel mundial prefieren más los juegos de video, la televisión, computador, celulares y poca actividad fisica, independiente de si es a un nivel recreativo o competitivo. Por lo que las palabras claves, Sedentarismo y Estado Nutricional, están completamente relacionadas, ya que cualquiera que se presente, la otra estará de alguna manera influyendo en aquellos efectos que de alguna u otra forma afectan la salud y bienestar de los menores de edad. El procedimiento se dividió en dos partes. Primero: se midió y peso a los alumnos de 2º a 5º Básico y con los datos obtenidos se estimó el IMC (Indice de Masa Corporal). Los niños debían dirigirse a la enfermería en compañía de una profesora. Lugar en donde se llevó a cabo la evaluación. De esta manera se logrará saber el Estado Nutricional a nivel general en el que se encuentran los alumnos. La Segunda parte se trató de entregarles un cuestionario a los mismos niños, en donde debían responder para determinar la cantidad de veces que realizan actividad física en la semana y cuanto tiempo le dedican. Esto, para establecer el nivel de Sedentarismo